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Biomedical subjects

K Michelsson

Publications and source records attributed to K Michelsson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cry analysis in infants with infectious and congenital disorders of the larynx.

Thirty induced pain cries from the same number of infants with infectious or congenital disorders of the larynx (infectious laryngitis, laryngomalacia, paresis of the recurrent nerve and subglottic stricture) have been analyzed by means of sound spectrography. For each cry 21 phonetic features have been evaluated. This cry material was then compared with 120 pain cries from healthy infants. In the pathological group a significant increase could be noted in the occurrence of the following cry attributes: second pause, abnormal melody types (rising, falling-rising, flat and no melody types), instability of the fundamental frequency, bi-phonation, vibrato, half-voiced voice quality, noise concentration, and inspiratory stridor. Furthermore, a significant decrease could be noticed in the occurrence of voiceless cries, falling and rising-falling melody types, and glottal roll. These findings show that such spectrographic features as very high maximum and minimum pitch, bi-phonation, gliding, and abnormal melody type occur more often in cries of infants with central nervous system involvement. Moreover, such parameters as instability of the fundamental frequency and noise concentration as indicators of neurologic disorders need further consideration. Except features of inspiratory stridor, this study revealed no really clear parameters typical of peripheral diseases of the vocal tract.

Central Nervous System↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of antenatal hypoxia on the nature of the cry of newborn rats].

Spectrography was used to examine spontaneous and pain (induced by pricking the foot with a needle) cries of newborn Wistar rats of the first three days of life. Three groups of animals were employed: non-operated control rats, those which suffered hypoxia on days 17-21 of gestation (clamping of the umbilical cord), and control rats born to operated females. The cries were recorded on Kometa or Vesna tape recorders and analyzed with the use of a Sona Graph, type 7029A. Antenatal hypoxia was found to produce an increase in the minimum and maximum pitches of fundamental frequency and to a decrease in the duration of the cry. It is likely that the changes in the cry are related to the impairment of the thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei and external respiration distress because of hypoxia.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Neurodevelopmental screening at five years of children who were at risk neonatally.

A neurodevelopmental screening test with cumulative scoring for abnormal test responses was performed on 845 five-year-old Finnish children who, in the newborn period, had had disorders which placed them in a high-risk group, and on 70 controls. The results showed a significant difference between the neurodevelopmental scores of the risk-group children and those of the controls. The scores were higher if the child had had many of the risk factors simultaneously. Boys had significantly higher scores than girls. The mean scores also varied between different risk factors. It is evident that slight neurodevelopmental deviations at the age of five years can derive from disorders in the newborn period.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1980

Cry analysis of infants with karyotype abnormality.

Sound spectrography was used to analyze 135 pain cries from 14 infants with a karyotype abnormality. At the time of the cry recording the children were from one day to seven months old, except for one child who was 2 years 10 months at the second recording. The cries were compared with 30 pain cries from 15 healthy infants of corresponding age. The children with an abnormality of chromosome 4 or 5 had cries with a significantly higher fundamental frequency than the control infants. Additionally, the cry in the "Cri-du-Chat" syndrome had a flat, monotonous melody type. The cries of infants with 13- or 18-trisomy were hoarse, low-pitched, with the shift parts absent. The cries in karyotype abnormalities were also different from pain cries of infants with other disorders involving the central nervous system. This study suggests that cry analysis can provide a valuable indication of the presence of a chromosome anomaly.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1980

[Spectrographic analysis of the crying of infants with laryngeal disorders].

Twenty induced pain cries from the same number of infants with laryngeal disorders (infectious laryngitis, laryngomalacia, recurrens paresis and subglottic stricture) have been analyzed by means of sound spectrography. For each cry 21 phonetical cry features have been evaluated. This cry material was then compared with 120 pain cries from healthy infants. In the pathological group a significant increase could be noted in the occurrence of the following cry attributes: second pause, abnormal melody types, instability of the fundamental frequency, biphonation, vibrato, half-voiced voice quality, and inspiratory stridor. Furthermore, a significant decrease could be noticed in the occurrence of voiceless voice quality and glottal roll. For the other cry parameters no significant differences have been observed. In the light of these findings, the neuropathognomic significance, which has been up to now attached to such spectrographic features as very high maximum pitch, biphonation, gliding, and abnormal melody type, should not be taken too strictly. Moreover, one may conclude that the actual state of cry spectrography does not permit us to regard such parameters as instability of the fundamental frequency and noise concentration as indicators of neurologic disorders. On the other hand, the features inspiratory stridor, vibrato and tonal pit seem, to be to a certain extent typical of peripheral diseases of the vocal tract.

Crying↗
PubMed1978

Cry analysis in infants with severe malnutrition.

Sound spectrographic investigations of the cries of 5 infants, age 7 m to 2 y, with severe malnutrition (one with kwashiorkor and four with marasmus) were compared with the cries of 15 healthy children of corresponding age. The cry of the child with kwashiorkor resembled those of the normal infants. The cries of the marasmic children showed a significant increase in the minimum and maximum pitch, and the occurrence of biphonation and flat melody types. These features have also been found in the cries of children with brain damage. We therefore believe that cry and analysis can be an additional means of investigating to what degree the brain is affected in children with malnutrition.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1978

Occurrence of risk factors in newborn infants. A study of 22359 consecutive cases.

All the 22359 deliveries in 1971-1974 at the Institute of Midwifery, Helsinki, were analyzed for risk factors. 1196 infants (5.35%) had one or more risk factor at birth, the most common being an Apgar score of 6 or less at 5 or 15 minutes, hyperbilirubinaemia, and a birth weight of 2000 g or below. The other risk factors registered were neurological symptoms, respiratory difficulties, hypoglycaemia, newborn infants of diabetic mothers and cases with sepsis. 124 infants in the risk group died during the first week. This was 83% of the total neonatal mortality. Except for hyperbilirubinaemia, which was less frequent in 1974, there was no marked change in the composition of the risk group from 1971 to 1974.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1977

Pain cry in full-term asphyxiated newborn infants correlated with late findings.

115 pain-induced cries from 45 full-term newborn infants with pre- and perinatal asphyxia were analyzed by sound spectrographic methods. All the infants had signs of intrauterine asphyxia and Apgar score of 6 or less at 5 min. The mean birth weight was 3170 g. The pain cries were recorded before the age of 8 days, 83% of the cries before 3 days of age. The cry analysis was compared with the pain cries of 75 full-term, healthy newborn infants of corresponding birth weight and gestational age. The results showed significant differences between the cries of the asphyxiated newborn and the healthy infants. The duration of the phonation was shorter, the maximum and minimum pitch of the fundamental frequency was significantly higher. Bi-phonation and vibrato occurred more often, double harmonic break and glottal roll less often. An increase in rising, falling-rising and flat types of melody was observed. Retrospectively, the cries were more abnormal if the infant was found to be neurologically damaged at t he check-up at 2-8 years.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1975

Spectrographic analysis of pain cry in neonates with cleft palate.

52 phonations of 13 cleft palate neonates were analyzed by sound spectrographic methods. 17 phonetical attributes were included in the study and the first signal after the pain stimulus was analyzed. The cries of the cleft palate infants were compared with the crying of 75 normal babies of the same age. No change in the fundamental frequency, melody type and duration of the cries was seen in association with these anatomical defects. Two of the characteristics studied, vibrato and the 'tonal pit', occurred significantly more often in cries of the cleft palate infants than in cries of the control series. The changes in the qualities seen in association with cleft palate and/or cleft lip do not mimic the abnormalities produced by brain damage.

Cleft Lip↗