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Biomedical subjects

K Matsuno

Publications and source records attributed to K Matsuno.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The liver lymphatics as a migratory pathway of macrophages from the sinusoids to the celiac lymph nodes in the rat.

A migratory pathway of macrophages as well as lymphatic communications from the liver to the celiac lymph nodes were studied both macroscopically and histologically. The injection of gelatinized carbon into the porta hepatis revealed a new pathway of the liver lymphatics running independently of the portal vein in addition to the ordinary periportal lymphatics. By obstruction of the efferent lymph flow of the celiac nodes and immunostaining with a monoclonal antibody to lymphatics, perilobular lymphatic vessels in the portal tract was readily demonstrated. It was suggested that heavily carbon-laden (HC) macrophages had migrated from the sinusoid into the interlobular connective tissue by 6 h after an intravenous injection of carbon, and then entered the lymphatic vessels of the portal tract. By 9 h to 12 h after carbon injection, HC macrophages started to migrate into the celiac nodes via the two lymphatic pathways. From the marginal sinus in the celiac nodes, they moved into the interfollicular area of the superficial cortex, then accumulated in the paracortex by 12 h to 24 h. They finally ended up in the corticomedullary junction. Migrating HC macrophages showed morphological homogeneity. The liver lymphatic pathway in the rat and a significance for the translocation and function of migrating macrophages were discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A new approach for identification of rat lymphatic capillaries using a monoclonal antibody.

In order to discriminate rat lymphatics from blood vessels on tissue cryosections by immunohistochemistry, a mouse monoclonal antibody (B27) was produced by immunization of mice with a homogenate of rat thoracic duct. B27 strongly recognized endothelial cells of almost all rat lymphatics, such as lacteals, lymphatic capillaries in the diaphragm at sites of absorption from the peritoneal cavity, collecting lymphatics and the thoracic duct. Besides the lymphatics, B27 reacted with the endothelium of some types of blood vessel, the mesothelium of the peritoneal cavity and substances between smooth muscle fibers. A new double immunostaining technique was then developed to distinguish the lymphatic capillaries, having no or only scanty basement membranes more clearly from the blood vessels. Cryosections were stained first with an anti-type IV collagen antibody for basement membranes, secondly with B27 for the endothelium, and then examined by either light microscopy or fluorescence microscopy. With this technique, the lymphatic capillaries were easily distinguished from other vessels by their positive reaction with B27 alone. B27 appears to be very useful for the simple and reliable identification of rat lymphatics, particularly lymphatic capillaries, in various tissues when applied for double immunostaining.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of intrathymic and extrathymic T cell development in spontaneous thymoma Buffalo/Mna rats.

The developmental status of T cell lineages at prethymic, intrathymic and postthymic stages in spontaneous thymoma Buffalo/Mna (BUF/Mna) rats was characterized on the basis of surface phenotypes and some immune responses. The proportion of bone marrow cell populations was shown to be normal in thymoma rats by immunofluorescence flow cytometry (FACS). In spite of a cortex-predominant appearance of thymomas, the proportion of thymocyte populations was phenotypically normal as assessed by FACS. Double immunohistochemical stainings revealed that a substantial number of single-possible (CD4+CD8- or CD4-CD8+) thymocytes existed not only in the narrowed medullary areas but also in the enlarged cortical areas of the thymomas. In lymph nodes, the proportion of T cells increased with age, reaching 88% after 20 months of age. This increase was due mainly to an increase in the CD8+ population but not the CD4+ population, resulting in low CD4/CD8 ratios. An abnormal increase of Thy1+ immature T cells was also observed in the lymph nodes. However, these phenotypic changes in the T cell lineages in the thymoma rats were not so influential as to alter their immunological reactivities, such as the primary antibody response to a T-dependent antigen, the graft-versus-host reaction and the mixed lymphocyte reaction to allo-antigens. These results suggest the possible presence of some altered differentiation pathways for intrathymic and postthymic T cell development in BUF/Mna rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Transcription signals and protein binding sites for sericin gene transcription in vitro.

Using nuclear extracts from Bombyx mori middle silk glands (MSG) where the sericin-1 (Ser-1) mRNA is produced specifically, we have studied the in vitro transcription of the Ser-1 gene. To determine the sites required for the promoter function of the Ser-1 gene and characterize the factors binding to these sites, the upstream region was dissected. Footprinting assays revealed the presence of at least three specific protein binding sites, SA (-103 to -85), SB (-149 to -135) and SC (-204 to -183). Removal of SA and SC by 5'-deletions decreased the promoter activity. DNase I footprinting using four extracts of B. mori origin indicated that the factor binding to SA is specific to the silk gland extracts, and the factor binding to SC is very much abundant in the MSG extracts. Stimulation of the promoter activity with the region from -239 to -174 that accommodates the SC site, is stronger in MSG extracts than in the extracts from the posterior silk glands. These results suggest that the SC binding factor abundant in MSG may play an important role in the MSG-specific expression of the Ser-1 gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of kainic acid lesions in rat ventral lateral geniculate nucleus upon field potentials of the superior colliculus: correlation between morphological and physiological observations.

Morphological and physiological effects of kainic acid (KA) lesions in rat ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGV) were studied 1.5 and 6 h after KA injection. Morphological changes were examined mainly by electron micrographs. At 1.5 h after KA injection dendrites were dilated and some vacuolations occurred in both dendrites and perikarya including geniculotectal relay neurons while axons were completely intact and cell organelles almost remained intact. Six h after KA injection dendrites and cell bodies were massively dilated with degeneration of cell organelles accompanied by sparse cytoplasm and deformed chromatin in the nucleus. However, almost all presynaptic axons, mainly retinogeniculate fibers, still remained intact. The electron micrographs demonstrate that destruction occurred first in dendrites, next in cell bodies and finally axons were likely to be affected. These morphological changes induced by KA are compatible with physiological effects which were assessed by the field response of the superior colliculus (SC) evoked by stimulation of the optic chiasm. During 1.5-2 h after KA injection all components of the SC response, the presynaptic and postsynaptic negative-positive waves were enhanced. The enhancement of the SC response may be correlated with morphological changes in terms of excitatory action of KA resulting in facilitation of geniculotectal transmission. Six h after KA injection postsynaptic negative-positive waves gradually declined in amplitude while the presynaptic wave returned to control level. The late suppression of postsynaptic components of the SC response may be attributable to a marked loss of geniculotectal transmission resulting from destruction of geniculotectal relay neurons by KA.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Complex formation with the fibroin gene enhancer through a protein-protein interaction analyzed by a modified DNA-binding assay.

The distal upstream region of the fibroin gene, -238 to -73, is known to contain the cis-acting element(s) responsible for tissue-specific transcription enhancement in vitro. To identify factor(s) trans-acting on this region, we have developed a modified nitrocellulose blot protein-DNA binding procedure that detects DNA-protein complexes via protein-protein interaction. A protein that does not bind to DNA as a monomer cannot be detected by standard Southwestern blotting. To detect protein-DNA complexes involving both protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions, the protein blot was reacted with the extract protein to form a protein complex on the filter, in the presence of the DNA probe. This new method revealed that the 75-kDa protein binds to the enhancer region of the fibroin gene in the presence of the second protein(s). The 75-kDa protein and the factor(s) mediating DNA binding activity were recovered in two different column fractions. The level of the 75-kDa protein appeared to be much higher in silk gland extracts than in nonsilk gland extracts, whereas the mediating factor(s) distributed evenly. These observations suggest that the distal upstream region of the fibroin gene can be specifically recognized by a protein complex composed of at least two distinct proteins, through protein-protein interaction.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Splenic outer periarterial lymphoid sheath (PALS): an immunoproliferative microenvironment constituted by antigen-laden marginal metallophils and ED2-positive macrophages in the rat.

In an attempt to reveal the role of antigen-laden marginal metallophil (MM) and other macrophages in the intrasplenic immune response of a specific B-cell lineage to a thymus-independent type-2 antigen (Ficoll conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate), simultaneous immunohistological observations of the involved cells were performed in the rat. By newly established methods of double or triple immunostainings, time-kinetics of the following parameters were studied and compared: (1) the antigen, (2) the specific antibody-forming cells (AFC) directed to the fluorescein-isothiocyanate determinant, (3) proliferating cells labeled with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), and (4) macrophage subpopulations recognized by monoclonal antibodies (ED2 and ED3). The antigen localized stably not only in the marginal-zone macrophages but also in the MM except around the follicular area. The increase of BrdU-positive cells was observed from day 2 up to day 4 after antigen injection mostly in the periphery of the periarterial lymphoid sheath (outer PALS), which indicated antigen-induced proliferation. As a novel finding, the majority of AFC, both BrdU-positive and -negative, were either closely associated with the antigen-laden MM, or forming cell clusters with ED2-positive macrophages in the outer PALS. In contrast, there were very few AFC in juxtaposition to antigen-free MM in the follicular area or the antigen-laden marginal zone macrophages. The results led to the proposal of a hypothesis that the antigen-laden MM together with ED2-positive macrophages constitute an immunoproliferative microenvironment for the plasmacellular reaction by accumulating the antigen-specific B-cell lineage and promoting these cells to differentiate into the AFC and to proliferate in the outer PALS.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Biological activities of synthetic polypeptides containing a repetitive core sequence (Arg-Gly-Asp) of cell adhesion molecules.

A unique polypeptide containing the repeated structure of core sequence from cell adhesion molecules, poly(Arg-Gly-Asp), was successfully prepared by the polymerization procedure with diphenylphosphoryl azide. This polypeptide dramatically inhibited the aggregation of platelets induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or malignant melanoma cells.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1989

Cell motility: an interplay between local and non-local measurement.

The bending motions of an ATP-activated actin filament and a flagellar axoneme of starfish spermatozoon exhibit a one-to-many correspondence between the displacement of the medium and the force actualized in the medium, demonstrating sharp contrast to the one-to-one correspondence in classical mechanics. Uniqueness of the actualized forces is lacking. Cell motility suggests the absence of a completely specifiable boundary condition that would unambiguously control the dynamics of generating mechanical forces in motile cells. The one-to-many relationship between the displacement of the medium and the force actualized in the medium necessitates a materialistic capacity for making choices on the part of molecules and cells in transforming future possibilities into actualized reality, the latter of which again serves as the source of the further future possibilities.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A word of a natural language has 2.718 different meanings or slightly more.

The capacity of lexical decision-making in the brain conforms to the indefiniteness latent in natural languages. The average number of different meanings per word of a natural language is measured to be 2.805 +/- 0.005 irrespective of whether the language is Chinese, English or Japanese. If one can almost perfectly comprehend words and sentences written in a natural language in a context-dependent manner, the average number of different meanings per word would reduce to e (= 2.718281828459...), the base of natural or Napierian logarithms.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Antimetastatic effects of synthetic polypeptides containing repeated structures of the cell adhesive Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) sequences.

We have investigated the inhibitory effect on experimental or spontaneous lung metastases of polypeptides which contain repetitive structures of the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) or Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg (YIGSR) sequence derived from adhesion molecules, and studied their biological characterisation after administration. In the spontaneous metastasis model, multiple intravenous (i.v.) administrations of poly (RGD) and poly (YIGSR) resulted in a reduction of lung tumour colonies, although the monomer peptides, RGD or YIGSR, had no effect under these conditions. The treatment with poly(RGD) substantially prolonged the survival time for mice injected i.v. with B16-BL6 cells as compared to the treatment with RGD and random poly(R, G, D). Tumour cell adhesion to the fibronectin-substrates was remarkably inhibited by adding poly(RGD) freely in solution. Poly(RGD) was found to inhibit completely the ability of platelets to enhance tumour cell adhesion to fibronectin-substrate and tumour cell-elicited platelet aggregation in vitro, but poly(R, G, D) had no such effect. We also found that poly(RGD) led to a decrease in the arrest and retention of tumour cells after its co-injection with radiolabelled tumour cells and that the radiolabelled polypeptide can be at least decomposed into small fragments during circulation. Poly(RGD) was found to be still active in inhibiting experimental lung metastasis even when the contributions of NK cells or macrophages were removed from this system after pretreatment with anti-asialo GM1 serum, 2-chloroadenosine or carrageenan. The results indicate that the poly(RGD)-mediated inhibition of tumour metastasis may be due to the interference of the adhesive interaction of tumour cells with a specific site in the target organs. Derivatives of polypeptides which contain RGD and/or YIGSR sequences derived from cell adhesion proteins may thus provide a promising approach for the control and prevention of cancer metastasis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Polycythemia vera with an inhibitor against factor XII].

A case of polycythemia vera with an inhibitor against factor XII was reported. A 60-year-old female was admitted to Hokkaido University School Hospital because of erythrocytosis and hepatosplenomegaly. The hemoglobin was 22.5 g/dl and white cell count was 9,500/microliters without immature cells. The platelet count was 484,000/microliters. Bone marrow specimens showed marked hypercellularity. Philadelphia chromosome was not found on chromosome analysis. She was diagnosed as polycythemia vera according to the criteria of polycythemia Vera Study Group. Activity of factor XII was found to be decreased on the initial examination, but she had no personal and familial history of bleeding. In order to clarify the cause of decreased activity of factor XII, her plasma was mixed with normal plasma, and then examined PTT using factor XII deficient plasma. Her plasma mixed with equivalent normal plasma did not show the correction of prolonged PTT. It was suggested that an inhibitor of her plasma was included in the IgG fraction using gel chromatography. The patient was treated with phlebotomy and administration of N4-palmitoyl (1- -D-arabinofurasyl) cytosine (derivative of cytosine arabinoside; PLAC) 200 mg/day and Busulfan (1 mg/day). Factor XII was not corrected by phlebotomy, but corrected gradually by administration of PLAC and Busulfan.

Factor XII↗
PubMed1989

[Measurement of anti-HTLV-I antibody titer in cerebrospinal fluid].

Anti HTLV-I antibody was measured in 590 cerebrospinal fluids (CSFs) employing a gelatin particle agglutination (PA) method. Anti HTLV-I antibody was detected in the CSFs from 24 patients (4.1%). The serum from the 24 patients also showed positive results. Out of the 24 patients, 11 cases (45.8%) had HAMs. Of the remaining patients 3 had ATLs with meningeal infiltration. Only 11 cases out of 24 patients were positive for anti HTLV-I antibodies when an immunofluorescence (IF) method was employed. This discrepancy of the results obtained by two methods may be explained by the presence of the patients whose CSFs contain anti HTLV-I antibodies of low titer. It is concluded that PA method is both sensitive and specific for the detection of anti HTLV-I antibodies in CSFs. Further, PA method is more convenient than IF method. So, it will be a very useful tool in the diagnosis of HTLV-I related neurological disorders and asymptomatic carriers.

Adolescent↗