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Biomedical subjects

K Matsui

Publications and source records attributed to K Matsui.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Perinatal intracranial hemorrhage due to severe neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (NAITP) associated with anti-Yukb (HPA-4a) antibodies.

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (NAITP) is one of the causes of thrombocytopenia in the newborn period. The thrombocytopenia is caused by maternal transplacental antiplatelet alloantibodies. We report a case of NAITP in a newborn infant having subarachnoid hemorrhage. Examination of platelet antibodies revealed anti-Yukb, that is, human platelet antigen (HPA)-4a incompatibility. Cranial ultrasound and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage in the temporal region inferior to the cephalohematoma. The lesion seemed to have been sustained during delivery. The patient was treated with high-dose gamma-globulin and several transfusions of random donor platelets and showed a good clinical course. This is the second reported case of NAITP associated with the Yuk antigen system having intracranial hemorrhage.

Antigens, Human Platelet↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A cloverleaf skull syndrome probably of Beare-Stevenson type associated with Chiari malformation.

A case of cloverleaf skull (CLS) syndrome with Chiari malformation was reported. The patient developed congenital hydrocephalus, upper airway obstruction and breath holding spells. Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt improved the hydrocephalus, but the patient progressively developed apneic episodes in spite of intubation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) disclosed severe Chiari malformation. Laminectomy of the cervical vertebrae and craniectomy at the occipital bone were performed to relieve the brain stem compression. Postoperatively, the respiratory symptoms improved slightly, but 8 weeks later the patient suddenly died. Literature survey revealed that this is the second case report of CLS associated with Chiari malformation. It was assumed that the respiratory problems in our patient are ascribable to the Chiari malformation as well as the upper airway obstruction. The patient here reported seems to be a case of Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome, in view of an association of multiple characteristic dysmorphic features, in addition to CLS.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Can a bone marrow cell contribute to organ regeneration? In vivo analysis using transgenic rats with reporter genes.

Although implantation of multipotent bone marrow-derived stem cells represents an attractive new cell therapy to repair damaged tissues, recent reports have raised serious concerns over the feasibility of using stem cells deriving from the bone marrow to promote cell transdifferentiation. We established transgenic (Tg) rats with reporter genes as specific molecular tags to examine the effect of bone marrow cells (BMCs) on transdifferentiation into tissues/organs. To monitor transdifferentiation events of locally transplanted BMCs into hepatocytes or capillary endothelial cells, a liver injury model and an ischemic hind-limb model were developed in rats. To test the ability of circulating bone marrow-derived cells to give rise to myocytes after skeletal muscle injury, we used a bone marrow cell transplantation model from Tg rats, which showed ubiquitous expression of beta-galactosidase (lacZ), into lethally irradiated non-Tg rats. Our results show that there was little transdifferentiation of BMCs into the targeted cells in these tissue injury models. However, in the ischemic hind-limb model, laser Doppler imaging and histologic analysis showed that both implantation of BMCs and treatment with microspheres incorporating basic fibroblast-like growth factor (bFGF), which enables the release of bFGF at the site of action over a period of time, effectively induced angiogenesis. In conclusion, rat BMCs with specific marker genes could be a useful tool for detecting transdifferentiation events in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase I and pharmacologic study of oral (E)-2'-deoxy-2'-(fluoromethylene) cytidine: on a daily x 5-day schedule.

(E)-2'-deoxy-2'-(fluoromethylene)cytidine (FMdC), one of the most potent inhibitors of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase, was selected for clinical development because of its novel mechanisms of action, and strong antitumor activity against experimental tumor models. This study was designed to determine the toxicities, maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetic profile of FMdC. FMdC was given orally for 5 consecutive days every 3 or 4 weeks in patients with advanced solid tumors. The starting dose was 8 mg/m2/day. Pharmacokinetic studies were carried out on days 1 through 5 of the first cycle. Ten patients with non-small cell lung cancer received 15 courses of FMdC at doses which were de-escalated from 8 mg/m2/day to 2 mg/m2/day because of unexpected severe toxicities at the starting dose level. Neutropenia was the dose-limiting toxicity. Thrombocytopenia and anemia were mild. Flu-like symptoms and fever were the common non-hematologic toxicities. The MTD was 4 mg/m2/day, since four of six patients developed grade 3-4 neutropenia. At the 4 mg/m2/day dose level, the mean terminal half-life, maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), plasma clearance, and mean residence time on day 1 were 3.20 h, 15.8 ng/ml, 2.91 l/h/kg, and 4.03 h, respectively. The recommended dose for phase II studies with this schedule is also 4 mg/m2/day for 5 days. Further investigations are necessary to establish optimal dosing schedules and routes for the administration of FMdC.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Asbestos fiber analysis in nine lung cancer cases with high asbestos exposure.

We examined the types and sizes of 100 asbestos fibers in lung tissue obtained from 9 lung-cancer cases (5 autopsy and 4 surgical) with more than 10(4) asbestos bodies per 5 g of wet lung tissue, asbestos bodies in histological sections, and the history of occupational asbestos exposure. Evaluation of asbestos fibers by transmission electron microscopy (2,000 x magnification) revealed that most fibers were longer than 3 microns (96%) and were thicker than 0.1 micron (93%). The analytical conditions we used enabled us to identify 99.7% of all asbestos fibers as being amphibole asbestos. Crocidolite fiber, which was found most frequently (73.1%), was the predominant type of fiber found in 8 of the 9 cases; crocidolite was followed by amosite (21.7%), which was the predominant type found in the remaining case. Crocidolite fibers were thin and had a high aspect ratio (mean diameter = 0.23 micron, mean aspect ratio [length/diameter] = 85.5). Amosite fibers were long, and they also had a high aspect ratio (mean length = 21.8 microns, mean aspect ratio = 66.4). It has been suggested that such fibers with a high aspect ratio are strongly carcinogenic to pulmonary parenchyma. Review of our previous and present data with respect to the ratio of amosite to crocidolite fibers in groups of subjects who had various diseases revealed that this ratio was relatively constant in some occupations. The more predominant fibers found were crocidolite in insulation workers and amosite in railroad workers. The ratio of amosite to crocidolite fibers should be considered in tissue-burden studies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age variation in the upper limit of hearing and amplitude of eye accommodation in childhood and adolescence.

The upper limit of hearing and amplitude of eye accommodation were examined, and their standard aging curves were established in order to evaluate their age-related changes in childhood and adolescence. The subjects were 2497 audiometrically and otologically normal ears and 2349 optometrically and ophthalmologically normal eyes ranging in age from 5 to 24 years in Japan. The upper limit of hearing was measured by the equipment made by us. The amplitude of eye accommodation was calculated at near point and far point measured by the ophthalmodynamometer. Both the upper limit of hearing and amplitude of eye accommodation became gradually less as age increased. The variability of the upper limit of hearing was less than that of the amplitude of eye accommodation. Standard aging curves were established in childhood and adolescence by calculating 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th centiles. There is no significant relationship between the upper limit of hearing and the amplitude of eye accommodation.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of intracranial chondroma with emphasis on delayed contrast enhancement.

Intracranial chondroma is an unusual cartilaginous tumor originating from the base of the skull. We report on two cases of intracranial chondroma that showed delayed contrast enhancement on CT after high-dose administration of contrast medium. This CT feature may be useful to differentiate chondromas from other tumors of the skull base such as meningiomas and neurinomas.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vivo and in vitro assessment of the cardiovascular effects of 8-(benzylthio)-N6-n-butyl-cyclic AMP.

In the canine heart-lung preparation (HLP) and the anesthetized open-chest dog, both 8-(Benzylthio)-N6-n-butyl-cyclic AMP (BTB-cyclic AMP) (10 times more potent) and dibutyryl-cyclic AMP (DB-cyclic AMP) produced a definite positive inotropic effect (PIE) and an increase in the coronary blood flow with either no change (HLP) or a slight increase (anesthetized animal) (BTB-cyclic AMP) and a definite increase in the heart rate (DB-cyclic AMP). In the isolated atrial preparations of the guinea pig (AG), BTB-cyclic AMP produced a slight PIE at 3 X 10(-5) M and a negative chronotropic effect at 3 X 10(-4) M. Aminophylline reversed the latter to the positive one, while potentiating the former. At 10(-3) M marked positive inotropic and chronotropic effects were observed. DB-cyclic AMP was without effects. In the right ventricular papillary muscle preparations of the guinea pig (PMG), both compounds produced PIE. BTB-cyclic AMP initiated a contraction (AG) and a "slow" action potential (PMG) in partially depolarized preparations. Both of these effects were abolished by diltiazem. BTB-cyclic AMP (10(-3) M) suppressed the heart rate increase induced by isoproterenol in right AG. It was concluded that BTB-cyclic AMP was a cardiotonic agent with a relatively weak positive chronotropic effect and that the cardiotonic effect was ascribable to the initiation of slow action potentials and related contractions.

Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of hypercarbia and hypertension on spinal cord tissue oxygen in experimental cervical myelopathy.

Tissue oxygen tension of the cervical cord was measured by the polarographic technique described in the preceding paper on dogs whose cervical cords had sustained combined compression and ischemia. Both hypercarbia and systemic hypertension elevated the tissue oxygen of the cord effectively even at the compressed and ischemic segments, and their effects were additive. Clinical applicability of combined hypercarbia and hypertension to the treatment of ischemia of the human cord was suggested.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma associated with dermatomyositis.

A 56 year old female developed combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma associated with dermatomyositis. Serum tumour markers except for carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9; 6400 ng/ml) were within normal range. Despite extensive chemotherapy, no clinical response was obtained and the patient's course deteriorated after 4 months. Macroscopically, the liver was mainly occupied by hepatocellular carcinoma but cholangiocarcinoma was found in the hilum. This is the first case of a rare association of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma and dermatomyositis.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Papillary hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils.

Papillary hypertrophy of the tonsils is one of the rare abnormalities of the palatine tonsils. Since the first reports of papillary hypertrophy of the tonsils by Ogino and Matsui, only 30 cases of this disease have been reported in Japan. The etiology of papillary hypertrophy remains a myster. A 5-year-old female visited our clinic with a complaint of obstructive feeling in the throat. Papillary surface of the palatine tonils were noticed. Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy were performed under general anesthesia on October 25, 1977. the histopathological examination of the tonsils revealed the lymphoid hyperplasia with poor subepithelial connective tissues. Only slight chronic inflammation was present. This papillary hypertrophy of the tonsils was found in 13 members (6 male, 7 female) of her family pedigree. Genetical analysis of the pedigree showed this disease is transmitted by an autosomal dominant gene.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatty acid oxidizing activity in a red marine alga, Porphyra sp.

A crude enzyme solution prepared from fronds of Porphyra sp. showed remarkable oxygen uptake activity when linoleic acid was added as a substrate. Fatty acid oxidizing activity was mainly present in the soluble fraction of the crude homogenate. The activity was purified 769-fold from mature fronds by ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion-exchange and hydrophobic chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis of the purified proteins indicated that its subunit size was about 13 kDa. Gel filtration chromatography equipped with a photodiode array detector revealed that the activity was associated with a protein having a molecular weight of 12,500-13,000. It eluted with a chromophore having the maximum absorbance at 417 nm, thus, the protein was suggested to be a heme protein. The spectrophotometric property of the protein was highly similar to that of cytochrome c suggesting that it has heme c as a prosthetic group. The protein showed highest oxygenation activity against linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid followed, but oleic acid could not be oxidized. From linoleic acid the protein formed 9- and 13-hydroperoxides to the same extent, and both were shown to be racemic. These results showed that the oxidizing activity is accountable to a cytochrome, but not to a typical lipoxygenase.

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neodictyoprolenol and dictyoprolenol, the possible biosynthetic intermediates of dictyopterenes, in the Japanese brown algae Dictyopteris.

Neodictyoprolenol [(-)-(3S)-(1,5Z,8Z)-undecatrien-3-ol] and dictyoprolenol [(-)-(3S)-(1,5Z,8Z)-undecadien-3-ol]), which had been proposed as possible biosynthetic intermediates of the sex pheromones of marine brown algae such as dictyopterene B [(-)-trans-1-((1'E,3'Z)-hexadienyl)-2-vinylcyclopropane], D' [(+)-6-((1'Z)-butenyl)-1,4-cycloheptadiene] and C' [(+)-6-butyl-1,4-cycloheptadiene], were again identified in the essential oils from Dictyopteris prolifera, D. latiscula, and in D. undulata, together with the C11-related volatile compounds such as neodictyoprolene, dictyoprolene and dictyopterenes. Incubation of D. prolifela preparation with racemic neodictyoprolenol and dictyoprolenol as substrates showed (S)-enantioselective decreases of the added substrates and increases in dictyopterenes. From these results, a possible pathway to form dictyopterenes is discussed.

Cycloheptanes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combination radiotherapy of urinary bladder carcinoma with chemohyperthermia.

The combination therapy of urinary bladder cancer with radiation and hyperthermia with bleomycin was investigated. Immediately following daily external irradiation (40 Gy/4 weeks), patients were irrigated with a solution of warmed saline (intravesical temperature, 42-43 degrees C) containing 30 micrograms/ml bleomycin. Of a total of 56 patients, complete responses were observed in 25, and partial responses in 21. Among T2-T3 cases, an 84% response rate was noted in combination therapy, whereas a 56% response rate was observed after radiation alone (50-70 Gy). The side-effects of the combination therapy were limited to reversible bladder irritation, and bladder capacity could be maintained within normal limits. These results suggest that combination therapy represents an effective conservative therapy for the management of bladder cancer.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation pneumonitis following multi-field radiation therapy.

The mechanisms of radiation pneumonitis have not been established. In a study on multi-field radiation therapy for lung cancer, one patient developed severe radiation pneumonitis even though the target volume was small. Radiation therapy was performed at a dose of 75 Gy in 50 fractions over five weeks. High-density areas conforming to the radiation field were observed by high-resolution CT. They were observed in the irradiated volume at doses under 20 Gy in the contralateral lung as well as in the ipsilateral lung.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telomerase activity in endoscopically visible lung cancer.

To examine the correlation between telomerase activity and clinical features in patients with lung cancer, we examined 86 patients with endoscopically visible lung cancer including 61 with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 25 with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Telomerase activity was detected by using Telomerase ELISA Kit (Böhringer Manheim, Germany). The median and interquartile ranges of telomerase activity in normal lung, NSCLC and SCLC were 65 and 51-75, 106 and 58-349 and 285 and 117-2214, respectively. Normal lung, NSCLC and SCLC had significantly different telomerase activity (p < or = 0.0001). Between NSCLC and SCLC, SCLC exhibited higher telomerase activity than did NSCLC (p=0.0029). A cut-off level of absorbance [A450nm-A690nm] of 86 derived from 90% specificity in normal lung was used; sensitivity for overall lung cancer, NSCLC and SCLC was 62.8%, 54.1% and 84.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference in telomerase activity between each stage in NSCLC (p=0.9243). In SCLC, however, the median and interquartile range of telomerase activity in extensive disease (2128 and 292-2681) was significantly higher than those in limited disease (207 and 97-252) (p=0.0285).

Adult↗