Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Marek

Publications and source records attributed to K Marek.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Validation of clinical criteria for diagnosing asbestosis in asbestos-cement workers.

The recently developed diagnostic criteria for asbestosis, including chest x-ray abnormalities and respiratory impairment consistent with interstitial lung fibrosis, were tested in 550 current asbestos-cement workers. The findings showed the correlation of x-ray ILO/UC scores for small irregular opacities (s, t, u) with duration of exposure, especially evident in relation to category of 1/2 and above ("cutoff category") detected in 48 subjects. An increasing x-ray score was accompanied by more functional abnormality, demonstrated by a restrictive defect in ventilation, followed by a fall in arterial oxygen pressure on exercise and impaired diffusing capacity. Amongst subjects working for at least 10 years, thirty met the roentgenographic and functional criteria for asbestosis. On the basis of these criteria, asbestosis could be diagnosed only in one subject employed for not longer than 5 years and two others working for not longer than 9 years, which can be explained by a false--positive effect.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1989

[The physical development of infants and small children. 3. Head circumference, head length, length-width index--a longitudinal study].

The head breadth and head length of 175 children (84 boys, 91 girls) were investigated from birth up to the age of three years. Boys were shown to have greater distance values. Growth increments and velocity did not differ between boys and girls. The velocity was highest in the first trimenon. The children of this study had a greater head length, therefore the value of their cephalic index was lower as described in previous investigations. The phenomenon of debrachycephalisation observed in our populations confirms previous observations.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1988

Influence of a short light pulse at night on the ultrastructure of the rat pinealocyte: a quantitative study.

Although it is generally known that light strongly influences N-acetyltransferase activity and melatonin production in the pineal gland, little information is available concerning morphological changes following light exposure. As exposure of rats to a short light pulse at night rapidly depresses melatonin synthesis, we decided to determine whether this experimental condition produces rapid changes in the pinealocyte organelles. A 30-min light pulse at night (six hours after lights out) provoked rapid changes in the relative volumes of some pinealocyte organelles. The volume fractions of mitochondria, Golgi apparatus and lipid droplets, and the numbers of dense-core vesicles and "synaptic" ribbons decreased, whereas the volume fraction of lysosomes increased. There were no differences in the volumes of granular endoplasmic reticulum and vacuoles containing flocculent material in those animals exposed to light compared with control animals. These results indicate that a short light pulse at night causes ultrastructural changes that can be interpreted as morphological features of diminished activity of pinealocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Principles of the diagnosis and medical prevention of lead poisoning].

The report deals with methods of diagnosing and medical certification of industrial lead poisoning, with regard to WHO recommendations and legal guidelines issued by the Chief Sanitary Officer in Poland. The problems considered involve the procedures of collecting information on the level of occupational exposure to lead, anamnesis and physical examination, analytical indices of lead exposure and early symptoms of biological response to lead absorption. In addition, the report presents a clinical classification of lead-related health disorders, range of preventive examinations and principles of work--fitness certification.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Home transfusion therapy: a new dimension in home care.

Visiting Nurse Service, Inc (VNS), of Akron, Ohio, has provided transfusion therapy in the home since January 1984. Home transfusion has proved a valuable alternative to inpatient treatment and to expensive, exhausting ambulance trips to the hospital for outpatient treatment for selected homebound patients, many of whom are terminally ill. The VNS program is based on detailed policies and procedures that include patient referral criteria, RN education, patient education, blood procurement and labelling, and protocols for transfusion complications. Recognizing the need for patient safety, VNS has a quality assurance program that provides for continuous monitoring and evaluation of the home transfusion therapy, especially of any adverse reactions that occur.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1987

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of medical prevention of pneumoconiosis based on studies of its incidence in selected coal mines].

In a group of 3,938 persons--pit miners of 3 coal mines--employed over 8 years, full-size X-ray pictures of the chest have been taken and through a special questionnaire information has been collected on the length of employment, workstation, risk of dustiness, exposure to fibrogenic dusts outside the mine. Basing on the studies, the mean annual incidence of pneumoconiosis in particular mines has been calculated. The data has been compared with the mean annual incidence rate of pneumoconiosis calculated for 10 years prior to epidemiological studies and based on the primary selection by means of small-size pictures. This comparison indicated that the full-size pictures revealed 3-7 times more pneumoconioses as compared to the hitherto applied system. The comparison of full-size and small-size X-ray pictures demonstrated that the lesions visible in full-size pictures have not been registered in small-size pictures in as many as half of the cases. The obtained results indicate that the effectiveness of the hitherto applied system of medical prevention of pneumoconiosis is insufficient. A change in this system is indispensable; miniature roentgenography should be replaced by full-size X-ray pictures.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A plan for the medical prevention of pneumoconiosis in coal mining].

Some assumptions of a system of pneumoconiosis prevention for coal miners have been presented. An essential element of the system consists in replacing fluororadiograms with full-size X-ray pictures, as a method of primary selection. Provisions have been also made for promotion of the detection and treatment of chronic bronchitis and some other respiratory system diseases, along with obligatory spirometric tests. It is planned that the examinations will also involve pensioners. The current analysis of the collected information will be made using the electronic data processing.

Anthracosilicosis↗
PubMed1985

Lung function in different types of pneumoconiosis.

The results of pulmonary function tests in patients with silicosis, pneumoconiosis in coal miners and arc welders, asbestosis, as well as in persons exposed to asbestos without abnormal x-ray findings of the chest, and in nonexposed healthy control persons and the development after 6 years are compared between each other and with the x-ray findings. There are significant differences between the several groups. There is no correlation (parallelism) between increase of lung function impairment and progression of x-ray findings.

Anthracosilicosis↗
PubMed1983

[Incidence of pneumoconiosis in coal mines with different levels of mechanization].

2717 miners working more than eight years in four collieries have been examined. Two of those mines were mechanized, whereas in the other two the degree of mechanization was low. Anamnestic data and radiological examinations have been correlated with dust concentration, silica content and individual index of energy expenditure. Mechanization has been found to increase dustiness but it is not necessarily responsible for pneumoconiosis risk, the degree of the risk being dependent on the efficiency of dust prophylaxis. On the other hand, mechanization reduces physical effort and, consequently, lung ventilation, and so it may reduce the effect of excessive dustiness as well. Thus, pneumoconiosis risk due to mechanization is a resultant of several factors sometimes exhibiting opposite impact.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗