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Biomedical subjects

K Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to K Maeda.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Recurrent leukemia cutis in acute myeloblastic leukemia.

We report the case of a 64-year-old female with acute myeloblastic leukemia (French-American-British classification: M2) who developed two specific cutaneous manifestations during her illness. She presented with extensive cellulitis involving the face, neck, and upper chest wall. While the cellulitis resolved with antibiotic therapy, a fungating ulcerated nodule remained on the lower lip which proved to be leukemic on biopsy. Concomitant blood and bone marrow findings were diagnostic of acute myeloblastic leukemia. The lip lesion cleared with a course of chemotherapy. An erythematous macular rash subsequently developed over the lower trunk which was thought to be an allergic reaction to the penicillin treatment. However, biopsy results were consistent with leukemia cutis. A repeat bone marrow examination revealed excessive blasts. Our observations emphasize the various presentations of leukemia cutis and the need to biopsy any cutaneous lesion of unclear etiology in the setting of acute leukemia.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Thyroglobulin (Tg)-specific induction of IL2 responsiveness in lymphocytes from patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis and its dependency on HLA-DQ antigen].

The peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Hashimoto thyroiditis patients acquired IL2 responsiveness in response to thyroglobulin stimulation, when they were partially depleted of adherent cells. Non-adherent cells reconstituted with Tg-pulsed autologous adherent cells at the ratio of 9:1 also acquired IL2 responsiveness, but those cultured with OVA (ovalbumin)-pulse adherent cells did not. This indicates Tg-induced IL2 responsiveness was specific for the antigen. Although there was no clear correlation between the intensity of induced IL2 responsiveness and the serum titer of anti-Tg antibody, Tg-induced IL2 responsiveness was significant in the seropositive patients. Pretreatment of the mononuclear cells with the monoclonal antibody to the HLA-DQ framework (Leu 10), but not the HLA-DR framework (OKIal), blocked the induction of IL2 responsiveness. This indicated that DQ-bearing adherent cells play a key role in presenting Tg antigen to the responder cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Factors influencing the healing rate of gastric ulcer under treatment with cimetidine.

Factors influencing the healing rate were evaluated by multivariate analysis on 148 patients with gastric ulcer who were under treatment with cimetidine at a daily dose of 800 mg. Factors used were age, sex, therapeutic environment, duration of present ulcer pain, past history of gastric ulcer, the amount of tobacco, alcohol, and coffee consumed before and during the treatment, the period until symptoms disappeared after the commencement of the treatment, and the characteristics of the ulcers themselves. Of these factors, the five factors that had a significant delaying effect on the healing of gastric ulcers were: 1) having a past history of gastric ulcers, 2) symptoms not disappearing within 1 wk after the commencement of the treatment, 3) size over 20 mm, 4) ulcer located in an angle, and 5) round or oval shape of the ulcer. The patients with less than one of the unfavorable factors (n = 36) had the best healing rate (97.2%), compared with those with two (n = 61), three (n = 39), or four or more (n = 12) unfavorable factors. The healing rate of the latter three groups was 75.4%, 53.8%, and 33.3%, respectively (p less than 0.01). Thus, a prognostic score based on these five factors represents the severity of gastric ulcers with regard to the healing in patients prescribed cimetidine.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1989

[A case of tuberculous encephalopathy with multiple intracranial tuberculomas].

A case of 56-year-old man with tuberculous encephalopathy following pulmonary tuberculosis was reported. Computed tomography (CT) revealed low density virtually confined to the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere. Contrast enhanced CT demonstrated intracranial multiple spotted lesions, all of which were homogeneously enhanced, supporting multiple intracranial tuberculomas. Magnetic resonance miss spelling imaging (MRI) suggested brain edema and demyelination of the white matter. Clinically this case was characterised by evidence of diffuse cerebral involvement in the form of convulsions, abnormal behavior and consciousness impairment without significant signs of meningitis. Antituberculous chemotherapy improved both clinical symptoms and intracranial lesions on CT and MRI. These findings strongly suggested the diagnosis of tuberculous encephalopathy with multiple tuberculomas. No adult case of tuberculous encephalopathy with multiple intracranial tuberculomas has been previously reported.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

[An ultrastructural study of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia: comparison among islands of myocytes, marginal zone and control zone].

During surgery for intractable ventricular tachycardia, an ultrastructure of cardiac tissue was obtained from two male patients, 54 and 59 years old. On light microscopy, the histopathology was compatible with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD). These myocardial samples were divided into three parts: an island of myocytes (some grouped cardiocytes floating on the fatty layer), a marginal zone (the parts of the myocardium surrounding the fatty infiltration), and a distant zone (as a control muscle). In the island of myocytes and marginal zone, myocardial hypertrophy, variability of cell diameter, degenerative changes of myocytes and interstitial fibrosis were more distinct than in the control zone. In addition, the number and diameter of intrasarcoplasmic lipid droplets detected among interstices of myofibrils also increased in both groups. The variability in number and diameter of the lipid droplets seemed to have a relation to the pathogenesis of fatty infiltration into the myocardium in ARVD. Lipid droplets were also revealed not only in the nuclei of myocytes but in the endothelial cells of capillaries and small vessels. Internuclear inclusion of the lipid was limited to the island and margin, but the lipid droplets in the endothelium spread widely in every zone. These lipid droplets are expected to have diagnostic value in the histological study of ARVD using endomyocardial biopsy.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical observations with cefteram pivoxil granules in field of pediatrics].

A new oral cephem antibiotic, cefteram pivoxil (CFTM-PI, T-2588), was studied for clinical efficacy in the field of pediatrics. CFTM-PI was given orally to 23 patients with the following acute bacterial infections: 6 cases of acute tonsillitis, 8 of acute bronchitis, 2 of scarlet fever, 4 of bronchopneumonia, 1 of acute otitis media with sinusitis and 2 of urinary tract infections. Clinical results were "excellent" in 8, "good" in 14, "poor" in 1: the efficacy rate was 95.7%. As an adverse reaction, diarrhea was observed in 1 patient. From the above clinical results, it appears that CFTM-PI is a useful antibiotic for the treatment of pediatric patients with various bacterial infections.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

[Different characteristics of 123I-IMP SPECT images of cerebral embolism and cerebral thrombosis].

We performed 123I-IMP SPECT in patients with cerebral infarction within 48 hours after onset, to investigate its usefulness in differentiating cerebral embolism from thrombosis. Clearcut wedge-shaped defect was seen on the SPECT image in all six cases of clinically suspected cerebral embolism in our series, while this pattern was not observed among the five cases of cerebral thrombosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Specification and use of a mouse monoclonal antibody raised against melanosomes for the histopathologic diagnosis of amelanotic malignant melanoma.

The positive reactivity and specificity of a mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) human melanosome-specific antigen (HMSA) 2 raised against the melanosomal protein with amelanotic malignant melanoma on routine paraffin sections is reported. MoAb HMSA-2 identified cytoplasmic antigen with the following specifications: (1) a sharp heterogeneous expression in melanoma cells (acral lentiginous melanoma [ALM], 11 of 14; superficial spreading melanoma [SSM], 13 of 14; nodular melanoma [NM], one of three; and lentigo maligna melanoma [LMM], zero of two), whereas a diffuse homogeneous expression in cells of benign pigmented melanocytic nevi; and (2) an intense expression on amelanotic melanoma cells as opposed to a weak or negative expression on highly melanotic cells. The positive reactivity of MoAb HMSA-2 with amelanotic melanomas was exemplified by two shave-biopsy specimens of amelanotic subungual and plantar lesions, and by two cases of axillary and cervical amelanotic nodes that were left undiagnosed on routine hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) sections because of lack of melanin pigments. These were found, after diagnosis with MoAb HMSA-2, to possess the regressed primary lesions (both ALM).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Accumulation of furancarboxylic acids in uremic serum as inhibitors of drug binding.

3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-pentyl-2-furanpropionic acid, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-ethyl-2-furanpropionic acid and 3-carboxy-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid were detected in uremic serum using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mass chromatography revealed that the serum concentrations of the furancarboxylic acids especially 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid, were increased in the chronic hemodialysis patients and that the acids could not be removed by conventional hemodialysis due to their strong binding to plasma protein. 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid was also quantitated in uremic serum by high-performance liquid chromatography. Serum level of the acid in uremic patients showed significant but weak correlation with serum level of urea and duration on hemodialysis. Equilibrium dialysis demonstrated that 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-pentyl-2-furanpropionic acid inhibited the bindingof salicylate and 5,5-diphenylhydantoin to albumin. In conclusion, the furancarboxylic acids especially 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid were accumulated in uremic serum as inhibitors of drug binding.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Trans-acting regulatory factors for T cell antigen receptor alpha- and gamma-chain gene expression.

BALB/c mouse thymoma-derived T cell line, CAK4.4 (Thy-1+, L3T4-, Lyt-2-), produced a large amount of TCR-gamma mRNA, a trace amount of TCR-beta mRNA but no detectable level of TCR-alpha mRNA. Another BALB/c mouse thymoma-derived T cell line, CAK1.3 (Thy-1+, L3T4+, Lyt-2+), synthesized a high level of TCR-alpha as well as TCR-beta mRNA but did not produce any amount of TCR-gamma mRNA. HAT-sensitive clones were established from the two T cell lines. Azaguanine-resistant, HPRT- CAK4.4 cells and bromodeoxyuridine-resistant, TK- CAK1.3 cells were fused by electrofusion method and the resultant hybrids were analyzed for expression of TCR genes as well as the changes of their cell surface phenotypes. Transcription of TCR-gamma gene was completely suppressed in all hybrids tested, although Southern blot analysis showed that the hybrids maintained TCR-gamma chain genes derived from both parental cells. TCR-alpha gene transcription occurred normally in one hybrid. In two other hybrids, TCR-alpha gene transcription was strongly suppressed. Treatment of the hybrid cells with 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate reversed the suppression of TCR-alpha gene transcription, but TCR-gamma gene transcription was not recovered by the same treatment. However, transcription level of TCR-beta gene was not changed in all hybrids. Our results suggested that the different trans-acting regulatory mechanisms control the transcription levels of TCR-alpha and TCR-gamma genes and that such a transcriptional control may play a crucial role in the determination of orderly appearance of TCR-gamma and TCR-alpha gene products during T cell ontogeny in the thymus.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Changes in the lateral ventricle with the head position: ultrasonographic observation.

Ultrasonographic examination was performed in 13 preterm, 10 normal term and 3 term brain-damaged infants to evaluate changes of the ventricular width with the head position. The lower side of the frontal horn was narrowed and the upper side dilated in all preterm and brain-damaged infants. These changes of the ventricular width may be due to gravity and soft brain. Therefore, it is very important to consider the transformation of the lateral ventricles with the head position when asymmetry of the lateral ventricle is identified in infants showing prematurity or brain damage.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1988

Small intestine transplantation: a logical solution for short bowel syndrome?

The purpose of this study is to determine whether small intestine transplantation could be considered as an alternative treatment in infants and children with short bowel syndrome. The potential nutritional consequence of orthotopic small intestine transplantation was evaluated in a rat model. Young Lewis strain rats (weighing 250 to 275 g) were used. Lewis rats with resection of 90% of the small intestine were studied as short bowel group (group I, n = 5). In the transplant group rats, 90% of the original small intestine was transplanted orthotopically using microvascular techniques (group II, n = 5). During the study period of 8 weeks, group II gained weight at rates equal to that of normal age matched rats (+30% of the preoperative weight), whereas rats with short bowel (group I) lost 10% of their weight. Two weeks following transplantation, serum albumin levels were maintained in the normal range in group II. However, group I rats showed decreased albumin levels. Serum cholesterol levels showed no significant difference between the two groups. Maltose absorption was evaluated as a functional test of small intestinal graft absorption (1.0 mg/g body weight of maltose was orally administered, and serum glucose levels were measured). The glucose level at 45 minutes was significantly blunted in group I in comparison with group II. The data from this study suggested that small intestine transplantation can produce adequate nutritional support to sustain growth and development in this rat model. It would be anticipated that small intestine transplantation in patients with short bowel syndrome would also benefit nutritionally.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

4-N-hydroxy-L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid. A strong inhibitor of glutamine synthetase.

Analogues of glutamic acid were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity toward glutamine synthetase (EC 6.3.1.2; GS). The title compound, 4-N-hydroxy-L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (NH-DABA), showed a potent inhibitory activity against GS from both sheep brain and soybean. The inhibition is competitive with respect to glutamic acid and the Ki values of sheep brain GS and soybean GS for NH-DABA are 0.007 mmol and 0.021 mmol, respectively. The activity of inhibition is comparable to those of L-methionine sulfoximine and 2-amino-4-(hydroxymethyl-phosphinyl)butyric acid (phosphinothricin).

Aminobutyrates↗
PubMed1988

Follicular thyroid carcinoma with clear cell change showing unusual ultrastructural features.

We report a case of follicular thyroid carcinoma with clear cell change displaying unusual ultrastructural features. Light microscopy revealed a metastatic neoplasm in the 12th thoracic vertebra that was composed of nests consisting mainly of clear cells. The tumor was interpreted as a metastasis of a clear cell type of thyroid carcinoma, based on positive immunohistochemical staining for thyroglobulin. However, unlike the metastatic bone lesions, the primary tumor in the thyroid consisted mainly of neoplastic follicular cells with lightly eosinophilic cytoplasm. A distinct follicular formation was noted throughout the tumor. In a portion of the tumor, a solid or stratified disposition of the cells was also observed. The primary tumor contained only a few clear cells similar to those seen in the metastatic bone lesions. In addition, we noted a transition between the follicular cells and the clear cells. Thus, this neoplasm was diagnosed as a follicular thyroid carcinoma with clear cell change, but not a specific type of thyroid neoplasm. Electron-microscopic examination revealed that the cells corresponding to clear cells under light microscopy had abundant cytoplasm characterized by varying degrees of dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), which might reflect increased synthesis, storage of secretory products, or both.

Adenocarcinoma↗