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Biomedical subjects

K Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to K Maeda.

At least 1,117 records · Page 62Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Controlled trial comparing an elemental diet with prednisolone in the treatment of active Crohn's disease.

To determine whether an elemental diet or prednisolone would be more effective for treating acute Crohn's disease, a controlled trial was conducted on 20 patients with acute Crohn's disease who had never received specific treatment. The first ten patients were put on an elemental diet and the remaining ten were prescribed prednisolone for six weeks at an initial dose of 0.7 mg/kg/day. Patients were assessed using the simple activity index, body weight, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and alpha 2 globulin, serum albumin, and radiographic findings of bowel lesions. At six weeks, the patients on the elemental diet showed a significantly greater improvement in the activity index, inflammatory signs such as C-reactive protein and alpha 2 globulin, and radiographic findings of bowel lesions than did those on the steroid. Patients who were given steroids for six weeks and then treated with the elemental diet for four weeks showed improvement in the radiographic findings of bowel lesions and inflammation. The present study strongly suggests that elemental diet is superior to steroids for treating active Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Removal of small molecular proteins by push/pull HDF and alleviation of shoulder joint pain].

The purpose of the present study was to compare hemodialysis (HD) and push/pull HDF in terms of uremic substance removal and clinical improvement. The treatment of patients complaining of shoulder joint pain was changed from conventional HD to HD or push/pull HDF using a hemodiafilter with large membrane pores. Push/pull HDF showed significantly greater removal of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) and other small molecular proteins than HD, and serum beta 2-m was significantly lower in concentration with push/pull HDF than HD. There was a decrease in the shoulder joint pain from push/pull HDF, and the range of upper arm movement thereby increased. However, neither this decrease in pain nor the increase in upper arm movement resulted with HD treatment. Hence, it was concluded that push/pull HDF is a more effective form of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical investigation of 10 patient with amebic dysentery].

Data were obtained in 10 patients with amebic dysentery at Osaka Socio-Medical Center hospital during the period from April 1985, to April 1989. All of the patients were male, and their average age was 41 years old. In the past history, all of them had never gone to foreign country, and 7 patients had the habit of homosexual love. In the serological test, positive rate of antiamebic antibody was 100% (6/6) by agar gel diffusion, that of antibody of Toreponema pallidum was 60% (6/10) by TPHA, but anti AIDS antibody was not detected (0/3) by HIV. Detectability of Entoamoeba hystolitica was 70% (7/10) in stool, 50% (2/4) in liver abscess, 25% (1/4) in biopsied specimens of rectal mucosa. Then, we fund that the serological test for antiamebic antigen was useful for diagnosis of this disease, and suspected that homosexual contact contributed to the infection of E. hystolitica.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Plasma concentration of polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex in patients with gastric ulcer].

To test the possible participation of activated leukocytes in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer, plasma levels of polymorphonuclear leukocyte-elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex (PMN-EC), a discerning indicator for the activation of leukocytes, were determined in patients with gastric ulcer. Plasma levels of PMN-EC in patients with gastric ulcer (185.2 +/- 21.6 micrograms/l, mean +/- S.E.M.) were significantly higher than those in normal healthy subjects (67.6 +/- 4.4 micrograms/l, p less than 0.01). On the other hand, plasma levels of C-reactive protein and sialic acid increased in only 17.8% and 7.1% of patients with gastric ulcer, respectively. No significant correlation was observed between PMN-EC and the plasma levels of CRP or sialic acid. Plasma levels of PMN-EC decreased with the healing of the ulcerative lesion as judged by gastro-endoscopic observation. These findings suggested that activation of leukocytes might deeply be correlated with the pathologic mechanism of gastric ulceration and the measurement of PMN-EC might be useful for monitoring the patients with gastric ulcer.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Osseous changes and abnormalities of mineral metabolism in daunomycin rats.

We examined whether daunomycin rats could be used as an experimental model of human chronic renal failure in terms of their osseous changes and mineral metabolism. The daunomycin rats revealed hyperphosphatemia and osteodystrophic bone changes. In this respect, they were similar to human chronic renal failure. A high calcium level was found in the daunomycin rats at first due to the effect of the daunomycin injection, but later there was a lower calcium level than in the control rats due to chronic renal failure. We conclude that daunomycin rats can be successfully used as an experimental model of chronic renal failure from the standpoint of their osseous changes and mineral metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Cardiac output control of total artificial heart during exercise--a predictive control method based on objective functions obtained from changes in cardiac output of the natural heart with respect to time].

In order to establish a total artificial heart (TAH) control method during exercise, a predictive control method was developed to increase the cardiac output (CO) during exercise in a profile similar to that of a natural heart; this was achieved by predicting changes in CO as a time function at various treadmill speeds. During exercise, the CO of the TAH was controlled to follow the time function by changing operating parameters such as the positive and negative pressures, S/D ratio, and pulse rate of both artificial heart pumps under a computerized control algorithm. To evaluate this control method, four TAH goats were exercised on a treadmill. The hemodynamics were recorded before, during, and after exercise; the blood lactate, blood catecholamine, A-V oxygen difference, and blood hemoglobin were measured before and immediately after exercise. The predictive control method was then compared with both the natural heart and also the fixed control method, in which the operating parameters remained unchanged during exercise. It was concluded that 1) with the predictive control method, changes in the CO of the TAH were almost the same as in the natural heart. On the other hand, no increase in CO occurred with the fixed control method. 2) with the predictive control method, changes in the blood lactate, blood catecholamine and A-V oxygen difference were significantly lower than with the fixed control method. This study showed that the TAH goat with the predictive control method resulted in being subjected to less stress than with the fixed control method, and that this method can be usefully employed until such time as an ideal feedback control method for the TAH can be developed.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1990

[The survey on the perinatal variables and the incidence of cerebral palsy for 12 years before and after the application of the fetal monitoring systems].

The effects of electrical fetal monitoring such as cardiotocogram (CTG) and nonstress test (NST) were studied during the years 1975-86 in 6,981 cases (6,893 singletons, 41 twins and 2 triplets). These cases were divided into three groups according to the mode of fetal monitoring. The first group was managed without electrical fetal monitoring (control group). The second was managed mainly with intrapartum fetal monitoring (transitional group) and the third was managed with antepartum and intrapartum fetal monitoring (fully monitored group). The incidence of cerebral palsy (CP) was investigated at the social health center during the same period. The introduction of intrapartum fetal monitoring resulted in a reduction in neonatal asphyxia from 7.0% in the control group to 5.2% and 4.3% in the transitional group and fully monitored group respectively. The perinatal mortality rate showed a significant reduction from 0.61% in the period without antepartum fetal monitoring to 0.31% in the fully monitored group, and this was attributed to the significant reduction in the number of stillbirths. The incidence of CP in the district decreased from 2.2 to 0.2 per 1,000 children during the period studied. In these circumstances, the caesarean section rate increased from 7.0% in the control group to 11.8% in the transitional group but decreased to 9.8% in the fully monitored group. These results showed the clinical and social benefits of electrical fetal monitoring.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1990

[Daunomycin rats. Second Report. Is it possible to use daunomycin rats as an experimental model of chronic renal failure?].

We have previously reported that daunomycin rats can be used as an experimental model of chronic renal failure. We have since studied whether the result were reproducible by repeating the experiment. In this experiment we used larger numbers of rats and many more parameters of investigation compared with the previous experiment. The period of observation was extended to 42 weeks. Twenty-one female Wistar rats were given an injection of 12 mg/Kg of daunomycin into the jugular vein by the one-shot method. Ten control rats were injected with physiological saline. Eighteen daunomycin rats developed chronic renal failure within the observation period. Renal failure was confirmed by the levels of BUN and creatinine, the uremic peak 2a and the pathological findings. One rat died from a tumor and another rat died from thrombosis of the descending aorta. In only one rat was not at the level defined as chronic renal failure, although it was impaired even in this case. There was a correlation between the lifespan of the daunomycin rats and the amount of urine protein at 4 weeks. Rats with heavy proteinuria at 4 weeks died of uremia at an early age. There was a variety of evidence of daunomycin damage when rats were autopsied, not only in the renal glomeruli but also in the pancreas, liver and spleen. Some parts of the pancreas and liver showed vacuolated cells. We supposed that these various changes of many internal organs of daunomycin rats were secondary changes for chronic renal failure. We reconfirmed that daunomycin rats can be used as an experimental model of chronic renal failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

An improved method for the detection of IgE antibody of defined specificity by ELISA using rat monoclonal anti-IgE antibody.

An improved method for the detection of IgE antibody of defined specificity by ELISA using rat monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies is described. The innovation consists of coating the plates first by a monoclonal rat anti-murine IgE antibody, adding the sera to this antibody-coated plates and then adding the biotin-conjugated antigen after the sera. The plates are then reacted with streptavidin-peroxidase and developed. This procedure eliminates possible competitions with other isotypes of the same specificity. The method is useful especially to quantitate IgE with defined specificity in the presence of high amounts of isotypes of the same specificity.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Seven cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube].

Seven patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube were treated at Kyushu University Hospital from 1978 to 1987. They were 0.59% of all patients with gynecologic malignancies in our hospital. Their mean age was 56.0 years old. Four of 7 patients presented with abnormal genital bleeding. Pelvic mass was detected in 6 of 7 patients. One patient showed abnormal cervical cytology and 3 of 6 patients had positive endometrial cytology and/or histology. No diagnosis of tubal cancer was made preoperatively. Primary surgical treatments were performed in all patients. Four patients, who underwent dissection and/or biopsy of pelvic and paraaortic lymph nodes, had no metastasis. However, at the time of recurrence, paraaortic and/or neck lymph nodes metastases were present in 3 of 4 patients. Following surgery, combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and cisplatin (CAP) was administered to 6 of 7 patients. Partial responses were obtained in 2 patients with recurrent and evaluable lesions. The mean survival time of 7 patients as yet was 36.0 months after diagnosis. In conclusion, the difficulty of preoperative diagnosis of tubal cancer was reconfirmed. CAP combination chemotherapy seemed to be effective for the treatment of tubal cancer and further study with more cases is warranted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Expression of native rabbit light meromyosin in Escherichia coli. Observation of a powerful internal translation initiation site.

The cDNA-sequence coding for rabbit skeletal muscle light meromyosin (LMM) was placed under the control of the lambda promoter (PL) of an Escherichia coli expression vector. The resulting plasmid pEXLMM74 expressed non-fused rabbit skeletal muscle LMM with yields ranging from 1 to 5% of the total proteins of E. coli. This LMM was specifically recognized by polyclonal antibodies raised against chicken pectoralis muscle myosin. It could be highly enriched from E. coli extracts by using two cycles of high and low ionic strength buffer. The partially purified protein contained a major side-product, with a calculated molecular mass of 59 kilodaltons, that is produced by translation initiation from a site in the coding region of LMM. After deletion of the translation initiation site derived from the expression plasmid, only the 59 kilodalton protein is expressed in E. coli from the resulting plasmid pEXLMM59. Both the 74 and 59 kilodalton proteins were shown to form paracrystals. They were studied by electron microscopy using negative staining and were found to show characteristic striations with an axial periodicity of about 43 nm. By circular dichroism measurement we showed that the purified 59 kilodalton protein is folded mostly as an alpha-helix.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A monoclonal antibody that defines basal cells of stratified epithelia in various human and rabbit tissues.

Monoclonal antibodies were produced against monkey lung lavage fluid by using a mouse hybridoma technique. One monoclonal antibody, KP8D4, specifically reacted with basal cells in human bronchial epithelia by immunohistological staining of acetone-fixed, frozen sections and it recognized a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 84000, as determined by gel immunoblotting. The distribution of this protein was immunohistochemically examined in various human tissues (lung, tongue, esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, pancreas, salivary gland, spleen, thymus, heart, aorta, vena cava, prostate, breast, kidney, urinary bladder, thyroid, brain, skin, striated muscle) and various tissues of rats, rabbits and pigs. The results showed a specific affinity of KP8D4 to basal cells of stratified epithelia in the various human and rabbit tissues. This antibody may be a useful tool for studies of normal development and diverse pathological disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of a human perforin (PFP) gene.

Human perforin cDNA was isolated and the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene determined. The deduced amino acid sequence of human perforin showed 68.4% similarity to that of mouse perforin. RNA blot analysis of the human perforin gene revealed that the gene product is expressed preferentially in killer-type cells among cell lines tested, and in large granular lymphocytes among the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In situ hybridization analysis with a human perforin cDNA probe revealed that the human perforin (PFP) gene is located on chromosome 17q11-21.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1989

The spread and prognosis of carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head.

Tumor infiltration and prognosis were studied in 73 patients who underwent surgery for carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head, in order to evaluate the grade of malignancy of pancreatic cancer. Twenty three patients had carcinoma of the head of the pancreas, 16 had carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct and 34 had carcinoma of the papilla of Vater. It was found that the prognosis in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was not related to tumor size, but to lymph node metastasis and the pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion of the tumor. The poorer prognosis seen in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas could be attributed to the fact that lymph node metastasis and invasion of the pancreatic capsule or nerve plexus occurred much more frequently in this carcinoma than in carcinoma of the other two areas. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was 12.5 per cent, this being significantly lower than that of the patients with either carcinoma of the papilla of Vater (50.0 per cent) or carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct (44.4 per cent). These findings suggest that lymph node metastasis and pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion closely correlate with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1989

Effect of neuroleptic withdrawal on plasma prolactin: a possible marker of receptor adaptation.

Stable schizophrenic and schizoaffective outpatients underwent abrupt withdrawal from a fixed dose of neuroleptic. Prolactin concentrations were determined preceding and following drug withdrawal. Basal prolactin concentrations were significantly lower 3, 4, or 5 days following drug withdrawal than on subsequent days. This rebound effect may be related to dopaminergic receptor changes in the tuberoinfundibular system that are induced by chronic neuroleptic administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Allergen-specific induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) responsiveness in lymphocytes from children with asthma. II. Regulation of IL-2 responsiveness by supernatants of normal lymphocytes.

Induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) responsiveness by Dermatophagoides farinae (Df)-stimulated lymphocytes from children with asthma was markedly suppressed after the addition of culture supernatants from Df-stimulated normal T cells. Ovalbumin (OVA)-induced IL-2 responsiveness of lymphocytes from patients with hen-egg allergy was not suppressed by the supernatant from Df-stimulated T cells, indicating the antigenic specificity of the effect. Patients' lymphocytes whose IL-2 responsiveness was decreased still expressed Tac antigen (low-affinity IL-2 receptors) but, in contrast to the patients' original lymphocytes, did not absorb or respond to IL-2, suggesting the loss of high-affinity IL-2 receptors (p55/p75) from these cells. The supernatant from Df-stimulated normal T cells from one individual did not necessarily suppress the response of all patients tested, indicating the existence of some allogeneic barrier between the factor(s) and patients' lymphocytes.

Absorption↗