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Biomedical subjects

K M Chen

Publications and source records attributed to K M Chen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Clonogenic patterns of human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines (PC-9, PC-13 and PC-14) and how they influence the results of test for chemosensitivity to cisplatin in the human tumor clonogenic assay.

The clonogenic patterns of three human pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines (PC-9, PC-13 and PC-14) were studied by human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA), and factors which could influence the results of tests for the chemosensitivity of these tumor cells to cisplatin in HTCA were determined. The results showed that each tumor cell line had a characteristic clonogenic pattern. The time intervals for the cells to grow to the plateau phase varied from 9 to 16 days, depending on the cell line and number of cells plated. The number of cells plated could substantially influence the results of chemosensitivity tests. The percentage of surviving colonies increased markedly if too many cells (usually 5 X 10(4) or more/plate) were plated. For continuous exposure, the results of chemosensitivity tests were rather stable after 7 days of incubation in each cell line, especially when fewer than 2 X 10(4) cells/plate were plated. For 1-hour exposure, the incubation periods for the results to become stable varied from 7 to 16 days depending on the cell type, number of cells plated and drug concentration. It was stressed that for the correct evaluation of the chemosensitivity of cultured cell lines in HTCA, the clonogenic pattern of each tumor cell line should be checked in detail before further experiments are conducted. The higher the concentration and the longer the exposure time, the more strongly cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) suppressed the colony growth in each of the three cell lines in HTCA, and it was recommended that CDDP should be used clinically in such a way as to maintain a high serum level of the active form of CDDP for a long time.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Calcium and vitamin D metabolism in Guamanian Chamorros with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia.

We evaluated 16 Guamanian Chamorros with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 33 patients with parkinsonism-dementia for disturbances of calcium and vitamin D metabolism. The serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone level was mildly elevated in 6 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in 5 patients with parkinsonism-dementia. There were significant positive correlations between serum immunoreactive parathyroid levels and duration of illness in male patients with motor neuron disease, but not in female patients or in patients with parkinsonism-dementia. Intestinal absorption of calcium, as assessed by serum and urinary activity of calcium 47 following oral administration, was decreased in 2 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in 4 patients with parkinsonism-dementia, all of whom had low levels of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Reductions in cortical bone mass were striking in patients with motor neuron disease. A significant negative correlation was found between the percentage of cortical area of the second metacarpal bone and muscle atrophy and weakness, and significant positive correlations were found between degree of immobility and ratio of urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia. In general, abnormalities in calcium metabolism were subtle. Thus, if the demonstrated deposition of metals, particularly calcium and aluminum, in central nervous system tissues of Guamanians with these two conditions is a cause of the diseases and of the early appearance of neurofibrillary tangles in neurons, the accumulation has apparently occurred long before onset of symptoms, and detectable abnormalities of calcium and vitamin D metabolism may already have been corrected.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case of hyperthyroidism combined with thyroid carcinoma].

A 33-year-old woman, with hyperthyroidism combined with thyroid carcinoma is presented. She was given antithyroid medication before the operation, and sub-total thyroidectomy was performed under local anesthesia. Her postoperative course was smooth. Histologically, the resected thyroid was shown to have two small nodular lesions of papillary carcinoma in the diffuse goiter. The current classification, statistics, diagnosis and therapy of this disease are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1982

Cortical bone loss and measurements of the second metacarpal bone. I. Comparisons between adult Guamanian Chamorros and American Caucasians.

The amount of radiographically detectable cortical bone, as determined by measurements of the second metacarpal, was evaluated in 42 male and 45 female Guamanian Chamorros and compared with the degree of bony demineralization in U.S. Caucasians participating in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging of the Gerontology Research Center. All Chamorros were individually matched to the Caucasian participants for age, sex, and menopause status. Chamorros of both sexes showed bilateral asymmetry in bone measurements and in the amount of cortical bone. Both Chamorro and Caucasian males had longer second metacarpals and more cortical bone than females. Caucasian males, however, had longer and larger second metacarpals than Chamorro males. Despite differences in the length and total width, Chamorro and Caucasian participants generally showed no significant differences in the amount of cortical bone or percent cortical area in the second metacarpal, suggesting that larger bones may not always indicate greater cortical mass. Although cross-sectional data suggested apparent age differences in the onset and rate of bone loss between Chamorros and Caucasians, the numbers of participants were too small to allow meaningful age-by-age statistical comparisons.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia among Filipino migrants to Guam.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has occurred in 9 Filipino migrants to Guam 1 to 29 years after their arrival and parkinsonism-dementia (PD) in 2 migrants 13 and 26 years after arrival. Seven additional Filipino patients developed more classic Parkinson disease (P) 5 to 24 years after their migration to Guam. Furthermore, 10 part-Filipino patients who were born on Guam of Filipino and Chamorro parentage developed ALS, while 6 such part-Filipino patients developed PD. An estimate of the average annual crude mortality rate for ALS among Filipino migrants was approximately six times that of the continental United States, yet half that currently observed among Chamorros living on Guam. A majority of all migrant patients were born in northwestern Luzon in the Philippine Islands, indicating the desirability of an intensive field epidemiological investigation in that area.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Neuropathology of the cortical lesions of the Parkinsonian-dementia (PD) complex of Guam.

The Guam amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinsonian-dementia (ALS and PD) complex still presents a challenge to research. Previous papers have highlighted the lesions in the hippocampus and basal nuclei to explain the bizarre clinical syndrome. In our study of 20 to 62 cases of PD with or without ALS, significant widespread and often severe lesions were found throughout the entire cerebral cortex. These changes included variable degrees of nerve cell loss, spongy change, gliosis, increased lipofuscin content of nerve cells, the presence of granulovacuolar bodies and neurofibrillary tangles within neurones and, less frequently, Hirano bodies. The lesions show a characteristic topographical distribution. The global involvement of the cerebral cortex correlated well with the loss of higher mental function which was present in the patients.

Adult↗