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Biomedical subjects

K Lackner

Publications and source records attributed to K Lackner.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Digital video subtraction angiography of the abdominal aorta, the pelvic and leg arteries].

The arterial system can be demonstrated after intravenous contrast injection by means of DVSA. The abdominal aorta, pelvic and lower limb arteries were examined in this way in 152 patients. Occlusions, stenoses and areas of dilatation could be recognised. In 8% of the patients the aortic bifurcation or common iliac arteries were not adequately visualised. In other respects, the results of DVSA were comparable with conventional arteriography. Because of limited image size, DVSA is particularly indicated where the vascular changes can be localised accurately by clinical means. The method is well suited for observing the results of surgery or percutaneous angioplasty. The indications for arteriography have been reduced as a result of DVSA.

Angiography↗
PubMed1983

[Digital subtraction angiocardiography].

One hundred patients with a variety of cardiac abnormalities were examined by digital subtraction angio-cardiography; the quality of the image was almost as good as conventional cinecardiograms. Image frequency of 25 pictures per second provides a reliable analysis of cardiac contraction and, in many situations, makes it unnecessary to perform selective angio-cardiography. Compared with selective catheter techniques, digital subtraction cardiography has various advantages. Because of its low risk and small patient stress, it is particularly suitable for follow-up examination after various therapeutic measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Computer tomographic findings in portal hypertension caused by liver cirrhosis. 1. Morphologic changes--qualitative and quantifiable parameters].

The CT findings in 80 patients with confirmed portal hypertension due to intrahepatic block were analysed retrospectively. The findings included ascites, hypo-dense areas in the liver, nodular or irregular liver contour, the inability to define intrahepatic portal vessels with narrow window settings, the so-called "kissing" sign and evidence of hepato-fugal collaterals and thickening of the wall of the oesophagus. Electronic measurements of various organs (liver, spleen) and vessel diameters (portal vein, superior mesenteric vein) provide parameters which permit classification of patients into the cirrhotic group, as compared with a control group. The statistical significance of this classification was checked by the Kolmogoroff-Smirnoff test.

Ascites↗
PubMed1983

[Computer-tomographic findings in portal hypertension caused by liver cirrhosis. 2. Analysis of results].

The results of a discriminant analysis for the objective diagnosis of cirrhosis of the liver are reported. Eight quantitative parameters seen on CT which, by themselves, are not diagnostic, were studied, and three relationships found to be of discriminatory significance; they are the diameter of the superior mesenteric vein, the ratio of the diameter of the caudate lobe and the right lobe of the liver and a quotient derived from the splenic and hepatic index. Cirrhosis of the liver with portal hypertension could be distinguished with a specificity of 100%, an accuracy of 96% and a sensitivity of 94%.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

[Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the upper extremities].

Amongst 1500 digital subtraction angiograms, there were 93 examinations of the arteries of the upper extremities. After intravenous contrast injection, DSA provided good demonstration of the subclavian, axillary, brachial, radial and ulnar arteries. In order to demonstrate the arteries in the hand and fingers, an intra-arterial injection of 5 ml contrast into the brachial artery has proved satisfactory. DSA makes the examination easier and quicker and reduces the risk of complications. Conventional catheter angiography is now required only for a few selected problems.

Angiography↗
PubMed1983

Phantom measurements and error estimation in volume determination with ECG-triggered cardio-computed tomography.

The ECG-triggered CT-imaging-procedure (computed tomography system SOMATOM with ECG unit) provides the possibility of displaying the beating heart in each of its individual mobility phases. Thus the telediastolic and telesystolic volumes of the left ventricle can be determined approximately, and from this its ejection fraction. The present paper describes measurements on moving phantoms (acryl plate, fluid-filled balloon). They give an estimation of the accuracy with which cross-sectional areas can be determined by the above-mentioned CT-system as a function of the frequency of the movement and of the number of tube rotations per slice. Basing on those models and not paying regard to further sources of error as for example an irregular heartbeat, it is found that the ejection fraction can be determined with a relative error of +/- 11% . . . +/- 13% depending on the beat frequency.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1983

[Complications and late results following surgical treatment of Echinococcus granulosus].

The case histories of 110 patients with hydatid disease were evaluated for localisation of the cysts, operative treatment and postoperative complications. Pericystectomy and hydatectomy were the most frequently performed operative procedures. 1 of 37 patients, who were followed up, showed a relapse (2.7%). If consideration is taken of the postoperative complications, hydatectomy is a suitable operative procedure for hydatid disease in comparison with pericystectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Respiratory distress syndrome of the adult in the computer tomograph].

Pulmonary changes due to the adult respiratory distress syndrome, which are visualized in the roentgenogram as spreading from the hilus to the periphery, often show a distribution in dorsocentral direction in the computer tomogram, a phenomenon which occurs especially during the oedema phase under the influence of gravity. In addition, there are ARDS developments involving the expected spread from the root of the lung, particularly so with patients of advanced age and with septic-toxic diseases. The causes and significance of these differences are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Hemophilic pseudotumors].

A review of the literature was made with special interest in morphology, pathogenesis and treatment of hemophilic pseudotumors. 110 reports of hemophilic pseudotumors were evaluated and compared with 25 own cases. The separation according to the inflicted site and the primarily involved anatomical structure revealed three types of hemophilic pseudotumors: 1. Intramuscular hematomas which enter secondarily into the periosteum. a) In the diaphyses of long tubular bones (femur 49, lower leg 14, humerus 4, forearm 2). b) In the iliac bone (37). 2. Intraspongious cysts in short cancellous bones (calcaneus 14, talus 5, scapula 3). 3. Direct subperiostal hematomas in the phalanges and metacarpals in the hand (thumb 5, finger 1, metacarpal 1). Concerning treatment, there is to state, that in general a conservative approach (substitution of the missing clotting factor and immobilization) is promising. The operative indications are demonstrated and determined, using case reports.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Stenosis of the lumber spine. Clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment (author's transl)].

Disc herniation is the most common reason for sciatica followed by osseous entrapment syndromes of the cauda equina. The osseous entrapment of nervous structures is possible within 3 segments of the spinal canal, the center, the recess and the intervertebral foramen. In all cases there is a disproportion of the size of the nervous structures and osseous gliding space. Central lumbar spinal stenosis is associated in 70% with limping (neurogenic claudication) which is often misinterpreted as vascular claudication. Clinic, diagnosis, therapy of lumbar spinal stenosis is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Experimental myocardial infarct in computerized tomography].

The findings on computer tomography after ligation of the coronary artery of a dogs heart are described. The ischaemic area can be differentiated from normal myocardium by its hypo-dense appearance. The localisation and size of the ischaemic area correlates with the scintigraphic findings. The known morphological and functional changes after intravenous oxyfedrin (positively inotropic, increased myocardial blood-flow) can also be seen on the computer tomogram (after oxyfedrin: myocardial thickening, reduction in cross-sectional area of the left ventricle, improved contraction, increased density of the ischaemic area). This confirms the possible diagnostic role of CT in the elucidation of changes in the left ventricle in the course of coronary disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Quantitative evaluation, indications and value of computer tomography of the lumbar spine].

Beside demonstrating morphological changes, CT enables one to make quantitative measurements of the spinal canal (sagittal diameter, transverse diameter, area of the spinal canal, width of the lateral recess and symmetry of the articular joints). A reduction of the transverse diameter of the spinal canal or asymmetry of the articular joints is associated with an increased and earlier incidence of back pain. In addition, patients with asymmetrical vertebral joints showed more frequent and earlier development of disc prolapse.

Adult↗