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Biomedical subjects

K Kurisu

Publications and source records attributed to K Kurisu.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[A case of cranial hypertrophic pachymeningitis with intracranial hemorrhage].

A case of cranial hypertrophic pachymeningitis of unknown etiology in a patient with 15-year history of headaches, cranial nerve palsies, and gait disturbance is reported. A 77-year-old woman was brought to our institute in a coma. CT revealed intracerebral hemorrhage in the right temporal lobe and thickening of the falx and tentorium. Fifteen years previously the patient had undergone CT scanning because of headaches, cranial nerve palsies, and progressive gait disturbance and a thickened tentorium, mild hydrocephalus and edematous change in the right temporal lobe had been reported. Since the etiology of her symptoms was unclear at the time, she did not receive adequate treatment. Her symptoms gradually progressed thereafter, and her visual acuity and hearing deteriorated. MR imaging in 1994 showed the thickened tentorium as a hypointense area with hyperintense edges on Gd-DTPA enhanced images. Angiography revealed narrowing of posterior portion of the superior sagittal sinus. The patient's condition rapidly deteriorated due to the intracranial hypertension and she subsequently died. Autopsy revealed a thickened tentorium with xanthochromic surface. This hypertrophic change was also seen in the dura mater of the posterior and middle cranial fossa. Microscopic examination of the thickened tentorium revealed extensive fibrous tissue with a chronic inflammatory infiltrate, predominantly of lymphocytes. No specific lesions were revealed by staining with hematoxylin-eosin, PAS, Gram's or Ziehl-Neelsen stains. The patient had no inflammatory or infectious diseases of other organs, and a diagnosis of idiopathic cranial hypertrophic pachymeningitis of unknown etiology was made. Considering the above findings, the thickened tentorium depicted as a hypointense area on the T1- and T2-weighted images and the Gd-enhanced edges of the tentorium are thought to be represent fibrous tissue and inflammatory regions, respectively.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Sequential changes in the harderian gland of rats exposed to high intensity light.

We examined sequential changes in histology, fluorescent microscopy, and porphyrin content in the Harderian glands of 55 male Wistar rats exposed to fluorescent light of 2,500 or 1,600 lux for 12 h a day up to 8 days and of 10 control rats. After exposure for 1 day there was severe necrosis of the glandular cells, with edema and cellular infiltration of the Harderian gland adjacent to the retina. After exposure for 4 and 8 days these changes regressed and glandular cells regenerated. Red fluorescence in frozen sections of glands from control rats was interpreted to be due to porphyrins. The red fluorescence was faint in glandular acini injured by exposure to light for 4 and 8 days, and porphyrin content of the gland decreased after 4 and 8 days. Homogenates of the Harderian glands from five control rats caused marked hemolysis after exposure to sunlight. Thus exposure to high-intensity light induced necrosis of the glandular cells in the Harderian glands. The injury appeared to be a direct effect of light on the glandular cells, probably as a result of photodynamic action on the porphyrins in the gland.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma in anterior skull base: case report.

We report the case of a 16-year-old boy who presented with mesenchymal chondrosarcoma involving the ethmoid sinus, right orbit, nasal cavity, and anterior cranial fossa. The tumor was totally resected by craniofacial surgery; the patient's postoperative course was uneventful. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of highly cellular undifferentiated small cells, alternating with zones of cartilaginous tissues. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare, aggressive variant of chondrosarcoma, which might be encountered more frequently due to the advances in neuroimaging and surgical procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[A case of subdural empyema with hemorrhage].

A rare case of subdural empyema accompanied by hemorrhage in a 2-year-old boy is reported. The patient was hospitalized on May 31, 1995 because of high fever. Lumbar puncture was performed, a diagnosis of suppurative meningitis was made, and streptococcus pneumoniae was cultured from the CSF. The next day, the patient experienced convulsions, and CT scans revealed left subdural empyema. Intensive antibiotic therapy was performed for 16 days from the onset of symptoms, but the patient's fever persisted, and the area of subdural empyema had grown larger on CT scan on June 15th. He was transferred to our institution the same day. Enhanced MRI clearly showed the capsule of the empyema in the left subdural space. Evacuation of the empyema and irrigation of the cavity were performed via a single burr hole. The old bloody fluid was found to be accompanied by a yellowish-white abscess in the subdural space. We concluded that the source of the bleeding was probably the fragile vessels in the capsule. The patient recovered after surgical treatment and a prolonged course of antibiotic therapy.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

Temporal analysis of neuropeptide Y expression in the rat trigeminal ganglion following peripheral axotomy of the inferior alveolar nerve.

Temporal changes in the appearance and the cell-size spectrum of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactive (IR) cells in the rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) following peripheral axotomy of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) were studied by retrograde neuronal tracing with True Blue (TB) and immunohistochemistry for NPY. The number of labeled cells following application of TB to the cut-end of the IAN increased rapidly up to 3 days, and was maintained at a constant level thereafter. The size distribution of cross-sectional areas of TB-labeled cells was similar at 3 days and afterwards. NPY-IR cells, which were not detected in the normal TG, appeared on the first day following axotomy, and increased gradually in number reaching a maximum at 14 days. The frequency histogram of the cross-sectional areas of NPY-IR cells was similar at 3 days and afterwards. The present results indicate that the effect of nerve injury on the levels of NPY expression in the sensory neurons began soon after nerve injury, reaching a maximum around 14 days, and that induction of NPY in the sensory neurons occurred in the same cell size-specific manner for a long period.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Relation between the trans-Golgi network and the Golgi stack on development of the Golgi apparatus of the ameloblast in developing rat molar tooth germs.

BACKGROUND: The problem of how the functional compartments of the Golgi apparatus organizes during cell differentiation to become a well-formed Golgi apparatus is as yet an unresolved issue. This study was designed to define the involvement of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and the Golgi stack in organizing the Golgi apparatus. METHODS: The distribution of the TGN marker enzyme was examined in the ameloblast of developing rat molar tooth germs using cytochemistry with Co-enzyme A phosphatase (CoA Pase) and cytidine monophosphatase (CMPase). RESULTS: Typically formed Golgi apparatus was observed in the secretory ameloblast but not in the presecretory ameloblast. Organization of the Golgi apparatus through the presecretory ameloblast was noted. In the presecretory ameloblast, Golgi stacks of different sizes and clusters of small vesicles were located in the cytoplasm lateral to the nucleus. The saccules with enzymes marked for TGN were also observed in the cytoplasm lateral to the nucleus. These saccules were adjacent to the cluster of small vesicles and/or the Golgi stack. Upon cell differentiation, Golgi stacks were seen in line along the long axis of the cell, and the file of the stacks in the cytoplasm lateral to the nucleus was formed. The positive saccule was seen in a parallel line equal to the length of the Golgi stacks. CONCLUSIONS: In organizing the Golgi apparatus, the development process of the TGN and the Golgi stack appear to be different, and new Golgi stacks seem to be formed through the accumulation of small vesicles near the pre-existing TGN.

Ameloblasts↗
PubMed1995

Growth inhibition of intracerebral rat glioma by transfection-induced human interferon-beta.

In our previous study on liposome-mediated transfection of the human interferon-beta (HuIFN-beta) gene into subcutaneously implanted human gliomas in nude mice, we found that HuIFN-beta was produced and secreted by the tumor cells and that the growth of solid tumors was completely inhibited. The present study investigated the growth-inhibitory effect of liposomes containing the HuIFN-beta gene inserted into a vector (pSV2IFN-beta) on T9 rat glioma implanted into the brains of rats. Tumor cells and liposomes containing pSV2IFN-beta or other additives were simultaneously injected into the brains of rats. HuIFN-beta was detected in solid gliomas growing in the brains of rats injected with liposomes and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that tumor growth was inhibited. In addition, the latent period until the appearance of neurological symptoms was significantly prolonged in rats treated with liposomes containing pSV2IFN-beta. However, the survival time of the treated rats was not significantly increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Cavernous sinus meningioma presenting as orbital apex syndrome. Diagnostic methods of dynamic MRI, spoiled GRASS (SPGR) image.

Orbital apex syndrome is a symptomatologic complex. In this paper, the usefulness of several clinical diagnostic MR methods in preparing for surgery is discussed. These include dynamic MRI and the spoiled GRASS (SPGR) image for a cavernous sinus meningioma presenting with orbital apex syndrome. A 53 year old man, who had right cavernous sinus tumor presenting with orbital apex syndrome, was examined by several new MRI techniques. The tumor was partially removed and fibroblastic meningioma was confirmed pathologically.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Demonstration of the venous systems with gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness and advantages of gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography for demonstrating the venous systems. The three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography was performed with a velocity encoding gradient settings from 5 to 20 cm/s on 22 normal subjects. In 8 of normal subjects, gadolinium-enhanced phase-contrast MR venography was performed. 22 subjects (100%) had detectable flow in the sphenoparietal sinus, transverse sinus, basal vein, and internal cerebral vein. With a VENC setting at 10 cm/s, venous system was visualized selectively and clearly. Detection ratio in inferior petrosal sinus, superior petrosal sinus, and superior ophthalmic vein increased from 0% to 25%, from 28.6% to 62.5%, and from 28.6% to 37.5%, respectively, after administration of gadopentate dimeglumine. In conclusion, gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional phase-contrast MR venography was useful for demonstrating the venous systems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

MRI of intracranial germ cell tumours.

We reviewed MRI findings in proven intracranial germ cell tumours in 22 cases, 12 of whom received Gd-DTPA. On T1-weighted images, the signal intensity of the tumour parenchyma was moderately low in 19 cases and isointense in 3; on T2-weighted images, it was high in all cases. Regions of different intensity thought to be cysts were found in 17 (77%): 7 of 12 patients with germinoma (58%) and in all other cases. Of the 13 patients with pineal lesions T1-weighted sagittal images showed the aqueduct to be obstructed in 5, stenotic in 7 and normal in 1. Strong contrast enhancement was observed in all 12 cases. Of the 14 patients with suprasellar lesions, 5 were found to have an intrasellar extension, and in 3 of these, the normal pituitary gland, which could be distinguished from the tumour, was displaced anteriorly. Ten patients (45%) had multiple lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Surface anatomy scanning (SAS) in intracranial tumours: comparison with surgical findings.

We evaluated the usefulness of surface anatomy scanning (SAS) in intracranial tumours, comparing it with surgical findings. We examined 31 patients with brain tumours preoperatively. The tumours included 16 meningiomas, 8 gliomas, 4 metastases and 3 others. SAS clearly demonstrated the tumours, allowing them to be distinguished from the structures of the brain surface, including oedema, except in cases of metastasis. SAS clearly demonstrated large cortical veins. SAS is useful for three-dimensional delineation of the brain surface before surgery.

Brain↗
PubMed1995

MRI of pineal region tumours: relationship between tumours and adjacent structures.

A variety of tumours may arise in the pineal region; accurate diagnosis is important in the selection of treatment and prognosis. A retrospective analysis of the MRI studies of 25 patients with pathologically proven pineal region tumours was performed, focused on the relationship between the tumour and neighbouring structures. Compression of the tectal plate was classified as expansive or invasive, and compression of the corpus callosum as inferior, anterior or posterior. In 10 of the 14 patients (71%) with germ cell tumours tectal compression was of the invasive type; 8 patients (57%) had multiple tumours and in 13 (93%) the tumor margins were irregular. Teratomas were readily diagnosed because of characteristic heterogeneous signal intensity. Pineal cell tumours were differentiated from germ cell tumours by their rounded shape, solid nature, sharp margins, and expansive type of tectal compression. Meningiomas were characterised by their falcotentorial attachments, posterior callosal compression, and a low-intensity rim on T2-weighted images. Gd-DTPA injection enabled clear demonstration of the site and extent of tumour spread and was useful in differentiating cystic and solid components. The appearances described, while not pathognomonic, are helpful in the differential diagnosis of pineal region tumours, and valuable in planning appropriate treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Appearance of dynorphin in the spinal trigeminal nucleus complex following experimental tooth movement in the rat.

Changes in the expression of dynorphin were investigated immunohistochemically. Cells showing dynorphin immunoreactivity first appeared 2 days and disappeared 15 days after the unilateral insertion of separating elastics between the upper molars. These immunopositive cells were localized in the superficial layers in the medial third of the subnucleus caudalis on the ipsilateral side, except at 1 and 15 days. On the contralateral side, a few immunoreactive cells only were observed in the subnucleus caudalis of the 3- to 8-day groups. No immunoreactivity was observed in the subnucleus interpolaris, subnucleus oralis spinal trigeminal nucleus complex (STNC), principal trigeminal nucleus and mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus of the experimental rats and all the trigeminal nuclei of control animals. The findings indicate that experimental tooth movement induced the expression of dynorphin in the superficial layers of the subnucleus caudalis STNC. The subnucleus caudalis may play an important part in modulation of the discomfort and pain evoked by tooth movement.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Clinicopathologic growth factors of acoustic neuromas.

BACKGROUND Understanding the tumor growth rate is very important when considering strategies for the treatment of an acoustic neuroma, although the natural course of acoustic neuromas has not been reviewed in detail. METHODS The clinicopathologic features and the postoperative growth of tumors were evaluated in 32 patients with acoustic neuromas. This study was undertaken to assess the variability of the growth potential of cells within an acoustic tumor and to determine the relationships between the growth rate and the clinicopathologic characteristics of the patients with acoustic neuromas, including age at surgery, gender, tumor location and preoperative size, the duration of the symptoms, the presence of cystic regions, the presence of Antoni type A and B cells, the tumor cell density, tumor vascularity, mitotic rate, the presence of hyaline degeneration and hemosiderin deposition, nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), and the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). RESULTS The growth patterns of the tumors were divided into three groups according to their growth rate: a regression group, a "no-growth" group (growth rates from 0-0.11 cm/year) and a progression group (growth rates from 0.19-1.72 cm/year). An additional operation was required in all patients whose growth rate was more than 0.38 cm/year. A statistical study on the factors associated with an increased growth rate showed that the three histopathologic factors most significantly associated with a postoperative growth rate were hyaline degeneration (p < 0.05), cell density (p < 0.005), and PCNA labeling index (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that acoustic tumors can be subdivided into several groups, based upon different biologic activities and tumor growth rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Invasive aspergilloma of the frontal base causing internal carotid artery occlusion.

BACKGROUND: Aspergilloma of the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses rarely extends through the skull base into the intracranial space. PATIENT: The patient was a 79-year-old man in a nonimmunosuppressive state who had an invasive aspergilloma of the base of the frontal lobe. CLINICAL COURSE: The patient, whose initial symptom was a visual disturbance, eventually developed an occlusion of the right internal carotid artery and died. The diagnosis was established by a transsphenoidal biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: A rare case of invasive aspergilloma of the frontal base is described with emphasis on the findings of low-intensity mass on the T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The prognosis in this disease is very poor. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment, combined with postoperative antifungal drug therapy, would have improved the outcome.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

The suitability of rat peripheral blood in subchronic studies for the micronucleus assay.

To examine the suitability of using rat peripheral blood from animals used in subchronic toxicity studies for micronucleus analysis, we orally administered phenacetin or 6-mercaptopurine for 14 days to groups of six rats and compared their micronucleus frequencies to the bone marrow micronucleus frequencies of rats similarly treated for only 2 days. In the 14-day test, phenacetin significantly increased the frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes in peripheral blood at 500 mg/kg starting from day 9, and at 750 and 1500 mg/kg starting from day 6; 6-mercaptopurine gave a positive response at 20 mg/kg starting from day 6. Positive responses in the bone marrow assay were obtained at the same dose levels. In the 2-day test, micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte frequencies increased significantly at 1000 and 2000 mg/kg for phenacetin, and at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for 6-mercaptopurine. These results suggest that micronucleus assays using peripheral blood from rats in subchronic animal studies of phenacetin and 6-mercaptopurine are feasible and at least as sensitive for the assessment of micronuclei as an acute bone marrow micronucleus test.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Localization of types I and III collagen and fibronectin in the developing mouse palatal shelves.

The detailed distribution of types I and III collagen and fibronectin was studied in the developing mouse palatal shelf using a double immunofluorescence technique. Just prior to palatal shelf elevation, type I collagen showed denser localization on the nasal side than on the oral side of the middle hard palate region. Such a distribution extended as far as the posterior hard palate region but not to the soft palate region. In type III collagen and fibronectin, this uneven distribution was not so distinct even in the middle hard palate region during the same period. The correspondence of the most conspicuous region of this distribution of extracellular matrix components with the region of first shelf elevation suggests that the extracellular matrix, especially type I collagen, participates in palate development.

Animals↗