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Biomedical subjects

K Kosaka

Publications and source records attributed to K Kosaka.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D-binding protein levels and mineral metabolism after partial and total gastrectomy.

The effects of gastrectomy, especially total gastrectomy, on the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D-binding protein and on mineral metabolism were examined. The serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D levels were markedly decreased in patients with total gastrectomy and Billroth II gastrectomy. Decreased levels of serum vitamin D-binding protein and serum calcium, and increased levels of serum alkaline phosphatase were observed in both patients with partial gastrectomy and patients with total gastrectomy. The results show that vitamin D deficiency could develop in high frequency patients with total gastrectomy and Billroth II gastrectomy, and that deranged mineral metabolism could develop in patients with any type of gastrectomy with or without vitamin D deficiency. The decreased levels of serum vitamin D-binding protein in postgastrectomy patients may be a sensitive reflection of the failure of hepatic protein synthesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A selective deficiency of hepatic triacylglycerol lipase in guinea pigs.

The properties of postheparin plasma triacylglycerol-hydrolyzing enzymes were investigated in guinea pig and rat. In rat, lipoprotein lipase and hepatic triacylglycerol lipase were separated on a heparin-Sepharose affinity chromatography. In postheparin plasma of guinea pig, however, hepatic triacylglycerol lipase was almost completely absent, while lipoprotein lipase was present. Hepatic triacylglycerol lipase was also deficient in the liver tissue extract of guinea pig. Plasma lipoprotein compositions of high-fat fed and control guinea pigs were analyzed. One of the outstanding changes found in high-fat fed animals was the presence of chylomicronemia. One guinea pig showed gross hyperlipemia with triacylglycerol concentrations of 2715 mg/100 ml. Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations of each lipoprotein fraction of very low density, intermediate density, low density and high density lipoproteins from high-fat fed animals were almost the same as those of the corresponding lipoprotein fractions from controls. Discussion was focused on the development of chylomicronemia in relation to the defects of triacylglycerol-hydrolyzing enzyme systems in this animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Dementia-Parkinsonism syndrome with numerous Lewy bodies and senile plaques in cerebral cortex.

Five cases of age range 62-72 years with progressive dementia and muscular rigidity are reported and discussed from the clinicopathologic point of view. The neuropathology of these cases was characterized by the widespread occurrence of Lewy bodies (LB) in the CNS as well as the presence of senile changes. The presence of numerous LB in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia was especially characteristic, although their distribution pattern in the diencephalon and brain stem was identical to that found in paralysis agitans. On the other hand, the presence of senile changes in the cerebral cortex was almost identical to the neuropathology of senile dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Nosologically, the present cases may represent either a combination of atypical paralysis agitans with senile dementia and Alzheimer's disease, or a new disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Granulocytosis and colony-stimulating activity (CSA) produced by a human squamous cell carcinoma.

A patient with a squamous cell carcinoma accompanied by a marked granulocytosis (100,000/mm3) of unknown origin was examined for Colony-Stimulating Activity (CSA). The pleural fluid and the tumor extract revealed high CSA. The floating cells in the pleural fluid were successfully transplanted into nude mice as a localized tumor with cyst formation. The tumor invariably caused a marked granulocytosis (100,000--300,000/mm3) with induction of a conspicuous splenic granulopoiesis in the transplanted mice. High CSA were demonstrated in their cystic fluid as well. Media conditioned by the primary cultures of these tumor cells revealed the same CSA, demonstrating the direct production of CSA by the tumor itself. These results indicate the presence of human CSA producing tumor and that such a tumor may in part account for a marked granulocytosis of unknown origin observed in some patients with cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Solubilization of insulin binding and degrading activity from guinea pig kidneys.

Insulin binding and degrading activities were solubilized by a nonionic detergent. Triton X-100, from guinea pig kidney particulate fractions (100,000 x g pellet). The solubilized insulin binding activity appeared as a single peak on Sepharose 6B gel filtration with a Stokes radius of 73 A. The pI of the solubilized insulin binding activity determined by flat-bed isoelectric focusing was 5.6. On the other hand, the Stokes radius of the solubilized moelcule with insulin degrading activity was 54 A by the same column with a pI of 5.2. More than 98% of the insulin binding activity could be adsorbed to a column of concanavalin A-agarose, while about 94% of the insulin degrading activity could not be adsorbed to this column. These results strongly suggest that the macromolecule for the insulin binding activity is not identical to that for the insulin degrading activity.

Animals↗