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Biomedical subjects

K Konrad

Publications and source records attributed to K Konrad.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Epidermal Langerhans cells in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.

The purpose of the study was to examine whether apposition between epidermal Langerhans cells and atypical lymphoid cells is a constant finding in mycosis fungoides (MF) and whether it also occurs in the Sézary syndrome (SS). Biopsies of 8 patients with MF and 2 patients with SS were examined by transmission electron microscopy. In both cases of SS and in 7 cases of MF appositions between the 2 types of cells were observed. The appositions were less frequently seen in stage III MF lesions than in MF stage II. The cell membranes of the Langerhans cells and the apposed atypical lymphoid cells formed gap junction-like structures in several instances. Our results indicate that the phenomenon of cellular interaction between epidermal Langerhans cells and atypical lymphoid cells is a constant finding in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Single-dose penicillin therapy of acute gonorrhea].

A new penicillin preparation (sodium-penicillin G3.5 mill. I.U., clemizolpenicillin G 1.0 mill. I.U.) has been tested with regard to the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal infections during a multicenter trial in Vienna. 101 out of 102 patients could be sufficiently cured by one single injection of the preparation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita--manifestations in otorhinolaryngology].

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is a rare acquired mechanobullous disorder which in contrast to the other types of epidermolysis bullosa is not hereditary. Skin lesions and, for the first time, lesions of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and oesophagus were studied by light and electron microscopic and immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopic methods. Immunofluorescence studies demonstrated linear IgG and complement deposits along the basement membrane zone. Electron microscopy of skin and mucosa revealed a dermolytic subbasal-lamina type of blister formation, diminished and rudimentary anchoring fibrils, and a zone of amorphous material beneath the basal lamina (lamina densa). Immunoelectron microscopic studies demonstrated the deposition of immunoglobulins in the amorphous zone beneath the basal lamina along the dermal-epidermal junction. The results are discussed in terms of current immunological findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Blue-red macules and pseudoatrophic macules: additional cutaneous signs in neurofibromatosis.

Blue-red macules and pseudoatrophic macules are characteristic skin lesions of neurofibromatosis that have been infrequently mentioned in the recent literature. The histologic characteristics of the blue-red macules show thick-walled blood vessels located mainly in the papillary dermis and often overlying subcutaneous neurofibromatous tissue. The histologic characteristics of the pseudoatrophic macules show a reduction in collagen in the reticular dermis, with diffuse replacement by neuroid tissue. These clinical signs can be detected early in the course of the disease and are useful in establishing an early diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Lysosomes in invasive laryngeal cancer].

The occurrence, distribution, morphology and enzymatic activity of lysosomes in malignant keratinocytes of laryngeal carcinoma was studied by electron microscopy and ultrastructural cytochemistry. Lysosomes can be observed in various forms: dense bodies, multivesicular bodies, myelin bodies and residual bodies. The acid phosphatase activity varied both with regard to intensity and staining pattern. Specific reaction product in lysosomes is present in the cell cortex and in cytoplasmic processes of basal carcinoma cells. Extra-cellular localization of acid phosphatase was also observed at the tumor-stroma junction. The enzyme cytochemical and morphological results are discussed in relations to current concepts of lysosomal enzymatic activity in tumor cells. The findings suggest, that extra-cellular secretion of lysosomal enzymes may play an important role in facilitating tumor invasion and metastasis.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Proliferation kinetics of Sézary cells.

The proliferation kinetics of neoplastic T cells arising in Sézary syndrome (Sézary cells) are still poorly understood. Kinetic studies with 3H-thymidine as a DNA precursor revealed a low incorporation rate of the nucleotide into Sézary cells obtained from the peripheral blood versus Sézary cells from the skin. Using the double-label autoradiography we determined the duration of single cell cycle phases of blood and cutaneous Sézary cells. The results indicate the almost complete lack of proliferative activity in the blood but a considerable portion of proliferatively active Sézary cells in skin infiltrates. The removal of a large mass of quiescent blood cells by leukapheresis did not affect the proliferative state of the residual peripheral cell population implying that the procedure did not induce the migration of proliferating skin cells towards the blood. Terminally, the disease underwent transition into immunoblastic lymphoma. At this time, the kinetic behavior of the peripheral immunoblasts showed great similarity to that of cutaneous Sézary cells. The findings point towards a common extravascular production site of Sézary cells and immunoblasts probably located in the lymphatic tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[Immunomodulating action of 2-methoxyethanol and homologous derivatives in rats].

The authors have measured the effects of methoxy-2 ethanol and derivatives or analogs on adjuvant arthritis in Rat, and the activity of methoxy-2 ethanol on humoral responsiveness to antigenic stimuli in Rat. Only methoxy-2 ethanol,1,2-dimethoxyethane and 1-methoxy 2 ethoxy ethane out of 13 tested derivatives, have an inhibitory activity on adjuvant arthritis. Methoxy-2 ethanol induces a significant depression of antibody production after immune stimuli and a significant effect on rejection of the skin graft. Although these results are of interest, toxicity of methoxy-2 ethanol will be a limiting factor for therapeutic use.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase in human laryngeal carcinoma.

The subcellular distribution of acid phosphatase in malignant keratinocytes of invasive laryngeal carcinoma was studied by ultrastructureal cytochemistry. The reaction product was localized in Golgi, ER, and some cytoplasmic vesicles. Acid phosphatase activity was also observed in lysosomal structures in the cortical cytoplasm of basal carcinoma cells. Extracellular acid phohphatase activity also occurred at the tumor-stroma junction in membrane-bound vesicular structures. The localization of acid phosphatase in this report is discussed in relation to acid phosphatase activity in other tumors. The findings lend further support to the important role of hydrolytic enzyme release in respect to tumor invasion into surrounding tissues.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Bullous pemphigoid, herpes gestationis and linear dermatitis herpetiformis: circulating anti-basement membrane zone antibodies; in vitro studies.

It is well established that suprabasal acantholysis can be produced in tissue culture of normal human skin in the presence of pemphigus IgG autoantibody. In this study, bullous pemphigoid, herpes gestationis and linear dermatitis herpetiformis anti-basement membrane zone antibodies failed to produce dermoepidermal separation in a tissue culture model in spite of the presence of complement. The binding of the antibodies was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy; ultrastructurally, identical binding sites of anti-basement membrane zone antibodies could be demonstrated in vitro, as has been observed in vivo previously. Tissue culture is a suitable model for studying the binding sites of circulating anti-basement membrane zone antibodies but the functional activity (blister format;on) of these antibodies cannot be assessed thereby.

Acantholysis↗
PubMed1980

Long-term photochemotherapy: histopathological and immunofluorescence observations in 243 patients.

Skin biopsies of 243 patients treated with photochemotherapy (PUVA) for 1--4 years were examined histologically. Two hundred and six patients were examined retrospectively after total cumulative UV-A doses of 579 . 6 +/- 598 . 0 J/cm2 (mean +/- s.d.). An eosinophilic homogenization and a reduction of elastic fibres at the dermo--epidermal junction, and an increase of dermal macrophages were found as possible abnormalities. However, except for the increase of melanophages there was no statistically significant correlation between the incidence of these changes, the total UV-A dose applied and the skin type of the patients. Neither were such correlations found in thirty-seven patients biopsies twice after 394 . 8 +/- 267 . 6 J/cm2 and 808 . 5 +/- 458 . 9 J/cm2 (mean +/- s.d.), respectively. Studies with direct immunofluorescence techniques revealed no immunoglobulin deposits in PUVA treated skin in fifty-six patients after 469 . 2 +/- 370 . 2 J/cm2; antinuclear antibodies were observed in 4 . 6% of 129 patients after 169 J/cm2 (mean); in 11% of fifty-three patients reexamined after 381 J/cm2 (mean) and in 13 . 6% of twenty-two patients reexamined a second time after 643 J/cm2 (mean). Thirteen out of a total of 572 patients developed a peculiar mottling of skin in areas previously overdosed by PUVA. Subepidermal homogenization and reduction of elastic fibres were found in 45% of the patients, indicating that these changes indeed are a consequence of PUVA. Nuclear and cellular irregularities were found in 45% of the biopsies and 63% showed a disturbed epidermal architecture, but no carcinomas were observed. PUVA-induced mottling was reversible in 31%, partially reversible in 15%, but continued to be present in 54%.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural and immunological findings in Graves' disease with pretibial myxedema.

This is a report on a 67-year-old female patient with Graves' disease and extensive pretibial myxedema. Linear IgM deposits were observed in the basement membrane zone by direct immunofluorescence. These deposits were found, by immunoelectron microscopy, to be haphazardly distributed in the uppermost dermis without any correlation to preexisting structures. An amorphous material that coated not only the surface of fibroblasts and collagen bundles but was also present within the dilated endoplasmic reticulum of the fibroblasts was the predominating pathological finding at the ultrastructural level. Mast cells were morphologically normal. These results support previous in vivo and recent in vitro findings indicating that the fibroblast plays a major role in the pathogenesis of pretibial myxedema.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Treatment with an oral aromatic retinoid in linear porokeratosis.

Linear porokeratosis is a rare variant of porokeratosis of Mibelli and usually occurs in childhood. A 15-year-old boy is presented with typical clinical lesions of linear porokeratosis on the extensor surface of the right arm exhibiting the classical histopathologic criteria of the disease. Treatment with an oral aromatic retinoid resulted in a remission of the lesion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

[Herpes gestationis (author's transl)].

Herpes gestationis is a rare blistering disease of pregnancy and the puerperium which is difficult to differentiate from other bullous eruptions of pregnancy by clinical and histopathological criteria only. Caracteristic immunopathological features permit the exact classification of this disease. This is a report on three typical cases of herpes gestationis. The clinical, histopathological and immunopathological findings of the disease as well as treatment and maternal and fetal risks are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Mycosis fungoides bullosa--a case report (author's transl)].

An extremely rare variant of mycosis fungoides, presenting with bullous lesions, is reported. Histopathological examination of the skin revealed subepidermal blister formation, a diffuse mononuclear infiltrate in the uppermost parts of the dermis and the characteristic intraepithelial Pautrier microabscesses. Lutzner cells were found at the ultrastructural level. The mechanism of blister formation in mycosis fungoides is outlined.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Ultrastructure of blebbing phenomenon and phagocytosis of blebs in laryngeal carcinoma.

The epithelial-connective tissue junction of invasive squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma was examined electron microscopically. The pleomorphic cytoplasmic protrusions known as blebs were observed on the lateral and basal surfaces of malignant keratinocytes. These blebs were pinched off from the malignant epithelial cells and were then observed in the connective tissue or in the intercellular spaces. After the pinching-off process some blebs were seen to be closely surrounded by pseudopods of phagocytizing histiocytic cells in the lamina propria or by adjacent malignant keratinocytes in the intercellular spaces. Since blebs are believed to be intact parts of viable cells this engulfment can be interpreted as cytophagocytosis. During cytophagocytosis the zeiotic blebs exhibited varying degrees of enzymatic digestion. The process of blebbing was discussed in respect to cellular locomotion of malignant keratinocytes during tumor invasion. This phenomenon seems to occur only in the preliminary stages of malignant tumor growth in the larynx.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗