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Biomedical subjects

K Konno

Publications and source records attributed to K Konno.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

1 alpha,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol and a human myeloid leukaemia cell line (HL-60).

Human promyelocytic leukaemia cells (HL-60) can be induced to differentiate into mature granulocytes in vitro by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1 alpha,25(OH)2D3], the active form of cholecalciferol. The differentiation-associated properties, such as phagocytosis and C3 rosette formation, were induced by as little as 0.12 nM-1 alpha,25(OH)2D3, and, at 12 nM, about half of the cells exhibited differentiation on day 3 of incubation. Concomitantly the viable cell number was decreased to less than half of the control. Among various derivatives of cholecalciferol examined, 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 and 1 alpha,24R-dihydroxycholecalciferol were the most potent in inducing differentiation, followed successively by 1 alpha,24S-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 24R,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. A cytosol protein specifically bound to 1 alpha,25 (OH)2D3 was found in HL-60 cells. Its physical properties closely resembled those found in such target tissues as intestine and parathyroid glands. 1 alpha,25(OH)2D3 bound to the cytosol receptor was transferred quantitatively to the chromatin fraction. The specificity of various derivatives of cholecalciferol in inducing differentiation was well correlated with that of their association with the cytosol receptor. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that the active form of cholecalciferol induces differentiation of human myeloid leukaemia cells by a mechanism similar to that proposed for the classical concept of steroid hormone action.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1982

Divalent cation, ATP-dependent [3H]leu-enkephalin uptake by synaptic vesicle fraction isolated from bovine caudate nucleus.

The mechanism of [3H]Leu-enkephalin uptake into synaptic vesicle fraction from bovine caudate nucleus was investigated. The simultaneous addition of 2 mM MgCl2, 2 mM CaCl2, and 2 mM ATP stimulated the uptake 22 times over the control, whereas the separate addition of these agents augmented the uptake 2.4 times at most. The addition of 2 mM MGCl2 plus 2 mM ATP and of 2 mM CaCl2 plus 2 mM ATP increased the uptake 6.6 times and 4.5 times, respectively. The cation, ATP-dependent uptake reached its half-maximal level within 10 min after the initiation of incubation at 25 degrees C, and little Leu-enkephalin was taken up at 0 degree C. The apparent Km for the uptake of [3H]Leu-enkephalin was 1.8 x 10(-7) M. Guanosine triphosphate stimulated the uptake as well as ATP, whereas CTP and ITP were only one-fourth effective of ATP. The cation, ATP-dependent uptake was inhibited by 25% and 20% in the presence of 0.1 mM colchicine and 1 microM reserpine, respectively.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1982

Electron microscopic observations on pulmonary connective tissue stained by Ruthenium Red.

Ultrastructural studies on human lung were performed with special attention to the interstitial acid mucopolysaccharides by Ruthenium Red staining and several enzyme digestion tests with Streptomyces hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, chondroitinase AC, heparinase, trypsin and collagenase. Periodic lateral granules on the major cross bands of collagen fibrils and amorphous coats on them became visible by Ruthenium Red staining. The surface of elastic fibres, associated microfibrils, and some fine fibrils 10-20 nm in diameter were stained. Ruthenium Red also stained the surface of fibroblast and smooth muscle cells, basement membrane and filamentous long segments. In the interstructural space, granular substances 10-80 nm in diameter and fine filaments 3--4 nm thick, which formed a fine reticular network, were clearly observed. They were not visible on the usual thin section. The granular substances were located on the cross points of the fine filaments. They spread continuously and connected with each of the cells and extracellular structures in the pulmonary interstitium. The results of the enzyme digestion tests on the Ruthenium Red-positive material are discussed.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1982

Ultrastructure of the Lewis lung carcinoma.

ELectron microscopic observations were made on the Lewis lung carcinoma, which has frequently been used in various experiments. Although the tumor cells had desmosomes, interdigitation, microvilli and basement membranes which were of epithelial nature, they did not show either squamous or adenomatous differentiation. On the basis of microscopic and ultrastructural findings, this tumor falls into the category of large cell carcinomas. At the periphery of the tumor, sinusoidal clefts between the strands of tumor cells contained many red blood cells without fibrin. While perfect blood vessels were observed towards the center of the tumor, large necrotic areas were observed. Dilated large vessels possessed some endothelial fenestrations. Light endothelial cells were also observed, which were penetrated by red blood cells. Interstitial components were very scant and collagen fibres were frequently observed to be dissolved.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Coffee and caffeine and alcohol effects on psychomotor function.

Interactions of alcohol and caffeine were studied in two double-blind and crossover trials in which several psychophysiologic functions and subjective effects were measured in healthy men. The effects of alcohol (1 gm/kg) with and without caffeine (200 or 500 mg) were measured in 10 subjects. Two doses (0.7 or 1.5 gm/kg) of alcohol alone and in combination with caffeine (250 + 250 mg) were similarly studied in another 10 subjects. Alcohol impaired psychomotor functions to an extent dependent on dose whereas caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee did not. Both kinds of coffee also failed to modify alcohol effects. Subjectively, caffeine was indistinguishable from placebo and no particular interaction of alcohol and caffeine was detected. Alcohol did elevate serum caffeine concentrations. We conclude that coffee does not counteract alcohol inebriation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A biochemical study on glycosaminoglycans (mucopolysaccharides) in emphysematous and in aged lungs.

Quantitation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the lungs from different age groups indicated that the amount of GAGs was lower in the group 70 yr of age and older compared with that in the groups 30 to 39 and 40 to 49 yr of age, respectively (p less than 0.05). There was no difference in the relative ratio of individual GAG species (hyaluronic acid: chondroitin sulfate (A(C): dermatan sulfate: heparan sulfate) of the lung among the groups 40 to 49, 50 to 59, 60 to 69, and 70 or more yr of age. Hence, it was suggested that senescence of the lung was associated with a uniform decrease of all the GAG species in the lung. On the contrary, emphysematous lungs were characterized by a decrease in relative percentage of hyaluronic acid in comparison with control lungs (p less than 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The stress-strain relationship of the diastolic cardiac muscle and left ventricular compliance in the pressure-overload canine heart.

The relation between left ventricular (LV) compliance, chamber geometry and LV muscle compliance in pressure-overload hearts was studied. The diastolic pressure (P)-volume (V) relationship was evaluated at different ventricular volumes of isovolumic beat in 4 pressure-overload hypertrophied (H) and 5 normal (N) hearts. In H, the ratio of the LV volume at the EDP of 15 mmHg to LV weight (LVW) was 0.34 +/- 0.08 (SD) ml/g (N: 0.63 +/- 0.07, p less than 0.01). Thus the occurrence of concentric hypertrophy due to pressure-over-load was confirmed. The P-V relation was expressed as, delta V = a - b.exp (-cP), where a, b and c were constants, delta V = V - V0, and V0 was the initial volume at EDP = 0 cmH2O. Since this equation leads to the relation: d delta V/dP = c (a - delta V), c may be regarded as a parameter which represents the LV chamber compliance. In H, c was 0.074 +/- 0.024 (SD) mmHg-1 (N: 0.109 +/- 0.008 mmHg-1, p less than 0.01). Therefore, H was found to show decrease of LV compliance. The biaxial stress (sigma)-strain (epsilon) relation was derived from the P-V relation based on large deformation theory. The sigma-epsilon relationships of myocardium in H were not apparently different from that in N. However, there was a close correlation between c and LV volume (at EDP = 15 mmHg)/LVW (r = 0.83). Thus it was found that the change in LV compliance in H resulted from the change in LV chamber geometry.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A new simple method to detect an air-leaking lung field in pneumothorax by a flexible bronchofiberscope.

A new simple method was designed to detect an air-leaking lung field in refractory pneumothorax. A constant volume of 100% helium gas was introduced into each lobe bronchus of two patients with pneumothorax via a flexible bronchofiberscope. In both patients, only when helium gas was introduced into the communicating bronchus with a ruptured emphysematous bullae, a high concentration of helium was detected in the intrathoracic gas. Thoracotomy has been used for patients with pneumothorax in which an air-leakage has persistently as well as recurrently continued, but this therapeutical approach has been frequently limited by a patient-age and an underlying disease. An exact detecting of the site of air leakage makes much expectant of an effectiveness of the outlet-closing treatment under a thoracoscope and finally leads to a new transbronchial treatment of pneumothorax.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evidence for host-mediated antitumor activity in the treatment of experimental tumor with a hot water extract from BCG.

Studies were undertaken for the evaluation of the mechanism responsible for antitumor effects of hot water extract (HWE) of BCG on murine ascites tumor cells. a) The viability of tumor cells has remained unchanged after incubation of tumor cells in the medium containing HWE. b) There was no difference in survival time between mice which had received tumor cells treated as in (a) and the control mice. c) Silica, carragheenan and cortisone acetate reduced the antitumor effect of HWE in ddY mice and C3H/He mice which had been inoculated with Sarcoma 180 cells or MH134 cells. d) The growth of tumor cells was retarded when they were inoculated subcutaneously together with peritoneal cells from HWE-injected mice. These results indicate the participation of host-mediated antitumor activity when neoplasms were treated with HWE.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Conservation of chromosomal high mobility group proteins HMG1 and HMG2 during differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia cells.

The possible change in the levels of high mobility group proteins HMG1, HMG2 and histone H1 and H1(0) was investigated during mouse myeloid leukemia (M1) cell differentiation. In contrast to Friend erythroleukemia cells, no change occurred in the levels of any of these proteins. However, histone H1 phosphorylation significantly decreased. The results suggest that the loss of HMG1 and HMG2 proteins is not a generalized marker for cell differentiation.

Animals↗