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Biomedical subjects

K Kohri

Publications and source records attributed to K Kohri.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Radiological diagnosis of renal oncocytoma].

Eight patients (nine tumors) with histologically proven renal oncocytoma are presented. In all cases, differential diagnosis between renal oncocytoma and renal cell carcinoma could not be done on ultrasonography. On selective renal angiography, extended arteries surrounding the tumor margin was demonstrated in six of seven tumors without a spoke-wheel arterial supply. A sharp and smooth margin with capsule (lucent rim) could be found in five cases, and a spoke-wheel configuration of vessels could be seen in only two cases. A spoke-wheel pattern might be found with tumor growth. All tumors on computed tomography (CT scan) have a distinct margin, a smooth contour and a homogeneous appearance on contrast enhanced CT scan. The capsule and the presence of a central scar were clearly seen on T1 and T2 weighted images of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is helpful to differentiate the oncocytoma from renal cell carcinoma. The modality of MRI may be useful in the preoperative diagnosis of oncocytoma.

Adenoma, Oxyphilic↗
PubMed1995

[Fournier's gangrene in a patient with perirectal abscess: a case report].

A case of an 81-year-old man with Fournier's gangrene was reported. The patient visited our hospital complaining of scrotal swelling and redness. Perirectal abscess was found and ultrasound study revealed thickness of scrotal skin and normal testes. The patient was immediately treated with antibiotics, incision and debridement of the scrotal skin. The lesion healed 8 weeks later.

Abscess↗
PubMed1995

[Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter: a case report].

A case of squamous cell carcinoma of ureter is presented. A 64-year-old male suffering from right lower abdominal pain and gross hematuria visited our hospital. Right hydronephrosis was found by ultrasound examination. Intravenous pyelography revealed a right non-functioning kidney. Abdominal computed tomographic scanning showed right hydroureteronephrosis and a soft-tissue density mass in the right lower ureter. Retrograde pyelography demonstrated a filling defect in the right lower ureter. Squamous cell carcinoma was suspected by cytological examination. On the basis of the above findings, right nephroureterectomy with partial cystectomy was performed. Pathohistological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter, G3, INF gamma, pT3, pR0, pL1, pV1, pN1. No evidence of either tumor recurrence or metastasis was found for 6 months after the operation. Sixty-one cases of primary ureteral squamous cell carcinoma, including our case, were collected from the Japanese literature and characteristic clinical features of the tumor are discussed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1995

Expression of osteopontin messenger RNA in the rat kidney on experimental model of renal stone.

We investigated the expression of osteopontin (OPN) messenger (m) RNA in the rat kidney under the experimental models of several conditions that are considered to be risk factors of human renal stones. In the renal stone formation model administrated glyoxylic acid and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, pyelonephritis model and hydronephrosis model the expression of OPN mRNA in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney was enhanced compared with the control which was sporadically positive utilizing in situ hybridization and northern blot analysis. The expression of OPN mRNA was markedly inhibited in the renal stone formation model by concominant administration of estradiol and/or progesterone.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Primary hyperparathyroidism--pathological findings and ultrastructure].

Primary hyperparathyroidism may be caused by one or two benign tumors in separate glands, adenoma, a malignant tumor of one gland, carcinoma or hyperplasia of all four glands. Pathologically, the main problem lies in distinguishing between primary chief cell hyperplasia and adenoma, it is impossible from pathological findings of only one gland. Parathyroid adenomas and chief cell hyperplasias contain large numbers of active chief cells. The cells contain aggregated arrays of rough endoplasmic reticulum and large, complex Golgi apparatus with numerous vacuoles and vesicles. Secretory granules are often present in these cells. Most of the cells are generally interpreted to be in the more active phases of parathyroid hormone synthesis and secretion.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Expression of bone matrix protein messenger ribonucleic acids in human breast cancers. Possible involvement of osteopontin in development of calcifying foci.

BACKGROUND: Development of calcifying foci is a fairly common finding in human breast cancers, and the deposition of calcium phosphate is observed in such foci. The calcium phosphate is a physiologic component of bones and teeth. Since the expression of messenger (m) RNAs of osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OC), osteonectin (ON), and matrix gla protein (MGP) has been described in bones and teeth, we examined the mRNA expression of OPN, OC, ON, or MGP in the calcifying foci that were observed in human breast cancers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cell types expressing mRNAs of OPN, ON or MGP were identified with combination of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The OPN mRNA-expressing cells clustered around the necrotic foci within cancer cell nests, and the examination with anti-OPN antibody revealed that OPN protein was localized in such necrotic foci where calcium phosphate deposited. The OPN mRNA-expressing cells were identified as macrophages by staining the adjacent section with the anti-CD68 PG-M1 monoclonal antibody which specifically recognizes macrophages. Neither ON mRNA-expressing cells nor MGP mRNA-expressing cells appeared to correlate with the deposition of calcium phosphate. CONCLUSIONS: The OPN protein produced by macrophages appeared to play a significant role for development of calcifying foci within necrotic area of breast cancers.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

[Pseudo-Bartter syndrome without hypopotassemia: a case with unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney and congenital contralateral hyronephrosis].

A 2-month-old girl having a left multicystic dysplastic kidney with contralateral mild hydronephrosis is described. Furosemide was administered orally because of hyperpotassemia during the period between 1 month and 7 months of age. Peripheral plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone activity increased at the age of 6 months, and ultimately reached the peak at 9 days after discontinuation of furosemide at the age of 7 months. Peripheral plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone activity were normalized at the age of 11 months. Blood pressure during the whole period was normal. Contralateral hydronephrosis was improved gradually. The level of serum creatinine became normal at the age of 50 days. A case with a high level of plasma renin and aldosterone activity temporarily induced by furosemide was reported. Pathophysiology of pseudo-Bartter syndrome without hypopotassemia due to furosemide is discussed.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1995

[A case of adult pure yolk sac tumor of the testis achieving pathological complete response by chemotherapy].

We report a case of pure yolk sac tumor of the left testis in a 22-year-old male. He consulted a physician with left back pain and induration of his left scrotal content in December, 1992. Intravenous pyelography (IVP) revealed left hydronephrosis. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed para-aortic lymph node swelling and lung metastases. Left high inguinal orchiectomy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was pure yolk sac tumor. After two courses of "COMPE" chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin, vincristine, methotrexate, peplomycin and etoposide, two courses of "high dose "COMPE" chemotherapy and three courses of "high dose COME" chemotherapy without peplomycin, he achieved a partial response (the regression rate of the pulmonary metastases and the retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis were 100% and 96.0% on CT, respectively) and the residual masses in the retroperitoneum were removed. Necrosis and xanthogranulomatous fibrosis were found in the resected material. The patient showed no evidence of disease two years after chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Experience with one stage repair of hypospadias and chordee without hyposradias using free graft of prepuce].

We treated 14 patients with moderately severe hypospadias and chordee without hypospadias using a free graft of prepuce by a modified Devine-Horton technique, between September 1993 and April 1995. There were 12 primary cases and 2 secondary cases in which prior operations had already been done. Four (33%) of the primary cases required a second procedure; 3 for urethrocutaneous fistula and 1 for urethral shrinkage. Both of the secondary cases needed further procedures; 1 for meatal stenosis and 1 for urethral stricture and diverticula. Although the need for reoperation is unfortunately high, six of the 7 recently treated patients experienced no complications. Thirteen of the 14 patients (93%) achieved excellent functional and cosmetic results with 1 or 2 procedures. We believe the use of free grafts allows a better functional and cosmetic outcome because the secondary torsion and bulkiness of the penile shaft caused by a vascular pedicle are eliminated.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Production of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.

We report a case of acute renal failure occurring about 90 days after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for a right renal stone. On left renal needle biopsy, immunofluorescence demonstrated linear fixation of IgG and C3 along the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Serum circulating antitype IV collagen NC1 domain antibody was detected after ESWL, while it was not detected in the serum taken before ESWL. Based on these findings, the diagnose of anti-GBM antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis was made. Circulating antibodies against several GBM components (type IV collagen NC1 domain, laminin, fibronectin and heparan sulfate proteoglycan) was consistently negative in 9 randomly selected patients who underwent ESWL for renal stones. These findings suggest that the production of these autoantibodies associated with irradiation of shock waves to the kidney was not frequent, but, after ESWL, patients deserve close follow-up.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1993

Structure determination and evolution of the chicken cDNA and gene encoding prepropancreatic polypeptide.

We have previously demonstrated that the C-terminal regions of the rat and human pancreatic polypeptide (PPP) precursors exhibit a high degree of divergence, whereas the N-terminal regions are highly conserved. This blend of structural conservation and divergence in the precursors appears to be caused by splice junction sliding and translational frameshift in the 3'-region of the PPP gene [Yonekura et al., J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 2990-2997]. In the present study, we determined the nucleotide (nt) sequences of the chicken PPP (cPPP) cDNA and gene, and compared them with those of the mammals. In cPPP, the C-terminal region of the precursor is quite heterologous with respect to the rat (rPPP) and human (hPPP) precursors, and this heterogeneity is accentuated by the large deletion in exon 3 of cPPP. Furthermore, mutational accumulation during evolution caused the structural organization of the 3'-region of cPPP to change; cPPP is terminated in exon 3, whereas rPPP and hPPP are terminated in exon 4. Thus, our previous observation regarding the possibility of 'mosaic evolution' [Yamamoto et al., J. Biol. Chem. 261 (1986) 6156-6159] of PPP has been extended and confirmed by this study. Available evidence suggests that 'mosaic evolution' is a phenomenon unique to PPP, and not to the genes encoding the other members of the PPP family, neuropeptide-Y and peptide-YY.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Structure and expression of the mRNA encoding urinary stone protein (osteopontin).

The chemical nature of urinary stone protein is poorly understood. We have sequenced a cDNA of urinary calcium oxalate stone protein extracted with EDTA. cDNA sequences showed complete identity between urinary stone protein and human osteopontin. Osteopontin protein was detected by staining with Stains-All, which specifically stains phosphoproteins, and by digestion with the highly specific protease thrombin, demonstrating that urinary calcium oxalate stones consist of osteopontin protein. We used a technique of in situ hybridization to detect osteopontin mRNA in the kidney. In control rats, distal tubular cells were sporadically positive, and proximal tubular cells and glomeruli were negative for osteopontin mRNA. A rat model of stone formation was induced with glyoxylic acid. In stone-forming rats, staining of distal tubular cells was remarkably increased, but proximal tubular cells and glomeruli were still negative. Immunostaining for the osteopontin protein also revealed that epithelial cells of distal tubules were weakly positive in control rats and significantly increased in stone-forming rats, although proximal tubular cells and glomeruli were negative. Northern blot analysis showed a significant increase of osteopontin mRNA in stone-forming rats in proportion to the dosage and the duration of the stone-inducing drugs. These results show that osteopontin in the kidney is presumably involved in urinary stone formation as the stone matrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Sequencing of a urinary stone protein, identical to alpha-one antitrypsin, which lacks 22 amino acids.

We have extracted and purified proteins from calcium containing urinary stones with 4 M guanidine chloride and sequenced the amino acids of the proteins. The protein of approximately 49kDa was defined as human alpha-one antitrypsin (AT, from 23rd to 42nd amino acids of NH2-terminal) by amino acid sequence analysis. The ratio of the amount of AT to total proteins was 34.9% analyzed by densitometer. AT is presumably involved in stone formation as a coprecipitating substance because equilibrium dialysis revealed that AT has no affinity for calcium.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Cloning and structural determination of human peptide YY cDNA and gene.

We have isolated two kinds of cDNAs and the gene encoding human peptide YY and determined their nucleotide sequences. The human peptide YY gene is composed of four exons and three introns spanning approx. 1.2 kbp. Two mRNA species are generated from the gene by alternative splicing of the third intron.

Amino Acid Sequence↗