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Biomedical subjects

K Kohri

Publications and source records attributed to K Kohri.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Endocrinological characteristic of primary hyperparathyroidism].

Parathyroid hormone is mainly regulated by the serum calcium concentration and not by another hormone which is usually the case for other hormones. We examined whether the parathyroid hormone could also be regulated by a hormone such as adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Experiment I: A two-hour urine sample was collected from 6 AM to 8 AM. At 8 AM one mg of synthetic ACTH was injected intramuscularly. Blood and urine was collected two hours after the injection for determination of the concentration of serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone and cortisol. Experiment II: Adenoma tissue was obtained during operation from patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The adenoma was digested with trypsin. Eagle MEM containing 100 ml fetal calf serum per 500 ml medium was used as the culture medium. The specimens were incubated in an atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2. Several days later, 25 micrograms of ACTH was added to the medium which was then incubated for 2 hours. The parathyroid hormone in the medium was measured by radioimmunoassay. Experiment III:ACTH was injected intraperitoneally into control male rats and parathyroidectomized rats. Two hours later, serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were measured. After ACTH injection, a remarkable increase in serum calcium level was seen in the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, but in the other groups, no increase in the serum calcium was observed. Parathyroid hormone was increased after ACTH injection in most subjects in all groups. Serum cortisol levels increased markedly after ACTH injection in all groups. The parathyroid concentration in the culture medium was slightly increased after ACTH addition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1983

Oral calcium tolerance test and serum calcitonin in calcium stone formers.

Ninety-seven male patients with idiopathic calcium urolithiasis and 17 normal male subjects were studied to evaluate the mechanism of idiopathic hypercalciuria with an oral calcium tolerance test, which has been useful in differentiating hypercalciuria. The changes in parathyroid function, such as parathormone and urinary cyclic AMP, and calcium after calcium load differed between absorptive hypercalciuria and renal hypercalciuria. We have confirmed that the change in serum calcitonin after calcium load was also different in these two hypercalciurias. The increase in serum calcium was sufficient to reduce parathyroid function but serum calcitonin was unchanged after calcium load in the control group, in patients with normocalciuria, and those with renal hypercalciuria. Although serum and urinary calcium were more elevated in absorptive hypercalciuria than in the other three groups, parathyroid function was not significantly reduced after loading in absorptive hypercalciuria. In this group only, the serum calcitonin was significantly elevated after calcium load. It is reasonable to suggest that, in this group, because parathyroid function is usually suppressed by intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium, parathyroid function may not be further suppressed by even calcium load. Possibly the significant stimulation of calcitonin may compensate for the lack of suppression of parathyroid function and maintain normal serum calcium levels in absorptive hypercalciuria. These results suggest that the change in serum calcitonin is also useful to differentiate abnormalities of calcium metabolism in patients with hypercalciuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Changes in cyclic AMP and electrolytes after parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism.

Changes in the excretion of urinary cyclic AMP, calcium and phosphate, and serum calcium, ionized calcium, and magnesium were studied after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism. Urinary cyclic AMP decreased rapidly and 8 of 11 patients had a significant reduction 1 h postoperatively, but changes in serum calcium and ionized calcium were delayed. Serum calcium concentrations closely parallelled those of serum ionized calcium and phosphate excretion returned to normal almost 7 h later than that of cyclic AMP. Excretion of urinary calcium rose rapidly at 4 h after surgery because calcium clearance improved after the reduction in circulating parathyroid hormone. The fall in urinary calcium at about 24 h was due to the subsequent reduction in serum calcium.

Calcium↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of calcitonin on body pains caused by bone metastases of urogenital cancer].

Calcitonin obtained from eels (ell-CT) was given to 14 patients who had developed bony pains due to bone metastases of malignant tumors and who did not respond to 12 various analgesics. The patients consisted of 12 males and 2 females, with a mean age of sixty-five. Eel-CT (Elcitonin) was injected intramuscularly to each patient at a dose of 40 units twice daily. Other analgesics were assessed to be ineffective at the time of CT administration and they were not given consideration in the evaluation. For the assessment of drug effect, a pain score was prepared. Eel-CT was markedly effective in 3 patients, effective in 8 patients, and ineffective in 2 patients. Eel-CT had a better effect on prostatic cancer than any other cancer. The analgesic effect was observed in the first week of drug administration at around a total dose of 1,000 units. Although the pain tended to appear at regions on which the body weight was liable to rest, the analgesic effect was seen irrespective of the side of pain. Since serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), CT levels and bone scintigrams between pre-and post-CT administration did not differ, the analgesic mode of action of CT is not supposed to be related to inhibition of bone absorption nor bone formation. The therapeutic effect hardly suggests any direct action of CT on the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Metastatic renal tumor].

Metastases of malignant tumor to the kidney are observed rather frequently at autopsy, but rarely found in living patients. Two cases of metastatic renal tumor were found at our clinic. One was a 35-year-old male with esophageal tumor. Five months after on operation for the esophageal tumor, he had asymptomatic macroscopic hematuria and had urological examinations at our clinic. X-ray and ultrasonographic examinations suggested a metastatic tumor in the left kidney. Left nephrectomy was performed. Pathohistological examination revealed a metastatic esophageal tumor in the kidney. Five months after the nephrectomy, right lumbago and macroscopic hematuria appeared. Metastatic right renal tumor was diagnosed with X-ray and ultrasonographic examination. Chemotherapy was conducted, but he died three months later. The other case was a 69-year-old male with left lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) who had left partial pneumonectomy . In the second year after the operation, he developed asymptomatic hematuria. After X-ray examinations and 67G -citrate scanning, a metastasis to the right kidney was diagnosed. No special treatment for the metastasis was given to the patient because of his failing condition. He died four months later. Metastatic renal tumors present a worse prognosis than primary renal cancer. This seems to be because the former progresses rapidly after its discovery. When a patient with a previous history of malignant tumors in any organ develops hematuria or lumbago, detailed examinations of the kidney should be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasonic evaluation of prostatic carcinoma.

Twenty-four patients with prostatic carcinoma were examined by transrectal ultrasonotomography. Ultrasound could differentiate prostatic cancer from other prostatic diseases. Since ultrasonic diagnosis is noninvasive, safe, and painless, repeated examinations could be performed, and it was useful to follow patients with prostatic carcinoma after treatment.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

Retrovesical chondrosarcoma.

Retrovesical sarcoma is rare. We report the first documented case of retrovesical chondrosarcoma. The patient underwent pelvic evisceration with creation of anileocecal conduit and colostomy. There have been no signs of local recurrence or metastasis.

Chondrosarcoma↗
PubMed1980

Serum-ionized calcium as a diagnostic tool in hypercalciuria.

Serum-ionized calcium (Ca++) was measured in 65 patients with idiopathic calcium urolithiasis. The patients were then divided into hypercalciuric and normocalciuric groups based on the mean + SD of the control group, with greater than 180 mg/24 h in males and greater than 176 mg/24 h in females defined as hypercalciuria. The results showed a decrease in the tubular reabsorption of calcium in the hypercalciuric group, but not in the normocalciuric group. The hypercalciuric group was then further divided into group I with increased filtered load and group II with with normal filtered load. It was suggested that the group I hypercalciurics had absorptive hypercalciuria and group II renal hypercalciuria.

Adult↗