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Biomedical subjects

K Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to K Kodama.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Collateral circulation during exercise-induced angina: evaluation by coronary angiography].

The pathophysiological significance of coronary collateral vessels remains controversial, despite previous intensive studies. We performed the multistage supine ergometer stress test for 26 patients with effort angina and collaterals. The changes in the collaterals were observed during each anginal attack by coronary angiography before and after intravenous nitroglycerin. The collaterals of 21 patients disappeared or diminished during exercise-induced angina before nitroglycerin administration, and were unchanged in the remaining five cases. However, the collaterals of all patients after nitroglycerin administration were unchanged or increased during exercise-induced angina. Considering there were no significant changes in pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressures during angina before and after nitroglycerin administration, a pressure gradient between the donor and recipient coronary arteries was suggested as being related to the patency of the collaterals. These results suggested the following: 1. It is not appropriate to postulate that the collaterals visualized at rest may remain unchanged during exercise-induced angina. 2. It is not reasonable to conclude that exercise accelerates the development of collateral circulation. 3. One favorable effect of nitroglycerin administration is the prevention of exercise-induced ischemia via collateral circulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

In vitro effect of monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies (anti-M104E) on MOPC 104E myeloma cells.

We investigated the effect of three monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies (anti-M104E) on various functions of MOPC 104E myeloma cells in vitro. The antibodies used were N-20-2 [immunoglobulin M (IgM), BALB/c], SJL18-1 [IgM, BALB/c X SJL F1], and CD3-2 [immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), BALB/c X A/J F1]. The two IgM antibodies were very efficient in blocking surface M104E IgM as shown by rosette inhibition, whereas the IgG1 isotype was not very effective. The reexpression of surface M104E IgM was different from antibody to antibody. The secretion of M104E IgM by MOPC 104E cells was partially blocked by the two IgM antibodies, but the IgG1 antibody had no effect. All three anti-idiotype antibodies inhibited the stem cell renewal activity of MOPC 104E cells assayed by colony formation assay. On the other hand, in suspension culture, the two IgM antibodies inhibited the growth of MOPC 104E cells in the absence of complement or effector cells of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, but IgG1 antibody had no effect. The starting tumor inoculum size was critical in the observations of the effects seen on both the growth and the colony-forming activity of MOPC 104E cells. The results of this study show the functional differences between various monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies and also indicate that some anti-idiotype antibodies can inhibit the growth of MOPC 104E myeloma cells directly without any help of complement or effector cells of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Coronary thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction: time dependence of beneficial effects assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography].

To elucidate the effects of coronary thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction, we observed serially the degree of left ventricular (LV) wall motion immediately after on day 1, and on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after thrombolytic therapy, in 22 patients with acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction. Base-line coronary arteriography revealed significant lesions in the proximal portions of the left anterior descending artery of all the patients. The patients were categorized according to results of thrombolytic therapy as Group I-a: seven patients with spontaneous or successful recanalization within three hours of onset of chest pain; Group I-b: nine patients with successful recanalization between three and seven hours, with a mean of 4.8 hours from onset; and Group II: six patients in whom thrombolytic therapy was unsuccessful and infarct-related vessels remained totally occluded. The LV wall motion index (WMI) was defined as the sum of point scores for the degrees of regional wall motion at nine segments on serial two-dimensional echocardiograms, and used for quantitative assessments of LV function. Results were as follows: On day 1, immediately after thrombolytic therapy, the WMI of Group I-a was smaller than that of Group II. However, there was no significant difference between Groups I-a and I-b and between Groups I-b and II. These findings suggest that LV function cannot be recovered immediately after recanalization of occluded arteries unless recanalization occurs exceptionally early. Percent improvement of the WMI from days 1 to 28 in Group I-a, 65 +/- 14%, was significantly greater than that in Group I-b, 31 +/- 18%. However, Group II did not show significant improvement in the WMI. The WMI in Group I-a decreased significantly from days 1 to 7 (9.0 +/- 1.6 vs 7.1 +/- 1.8, p less than 0.05); whereas, the WMI in Group I-b showed no significant decrease until day 21. On day 1, the regional wall motion of the antero-apical wall was akinetic or dyskinetic in all patients studied. On day 28, it improved in six of seven patients in Group I-a, while it remained akinetic or dyskinetic in all patients in Groups I-b and II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressure noninvasively estimated by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography].

To estimate pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressures noninvasively, we measured the pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography in 17 patients with pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary arterial end diastolic pressure greater than or equal to 18 mmHg) and in 23 patients without pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary regurgitation was successfully detected by continuous wave Doppler echocardiography in 14 of the 17 patients with pulmonary hypertension and in 14 of the 23 patients without pulmonary hypertension. The end-diastolic pulmonary artery-to-right ventricular pressure gradient was estimated from the Doppler-determined pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity by means of a simplified Bernoulli equation. The Doppler-determined end-diastolic pulmonary artery-to-right ventricular pressure gradient correlated well with the catheter measurement (r = 0.94). It also correlated well with the pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressure (r = 0.92). Thus, continuous wave Doppler echocardiography was useful in estimating noninvasively pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Indications for surgical resection of lung metastasis from breast cancer--considerations according to the mechanism of extension of metastases].

The indications for surgical treatment of lung metastasis from breast cancer were analyzed according to the extension mode of the metastasis. Of lung lesions that seemed operable roentgenographically at the time of their first manifestation, about half developed new metastatic nodules within six months thereafter, while the other half did not do so for more than two years. No clinicopathologic findings at the time of mastectomy were helpful to differentiate the two groups, except that a cancer-free interval of less than a year fell exclusively into the former group. Thus, the only way to determine the indications is to watch the lesions for six months with chemo-endocrine therapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Reconstruction methods of anterior chest wall resection--comparison between acrylic resins and myocutaneous flaps].

A total of 32 patients were treated by chest wall resection for primary and recurrent breast cancer or other malignant tumors of the chest wall. Reconstruction of the anterior chest wall was conducted using either acrylic resin plate or myocutaneous flap. Although acrylic resin plate proved to be satisfactory for maintaining stability of the chest wall and protecting important organs in the anterior mediastinum, some patients developed foreign body reactions including local infections, local retention of serous discharge and slight anterior chest pain during a prolonged observation. Reconstruction with myocutaneous flap achieved acceptable stability and caused no such foreign body reactions. We confirmed that myocutaneous flap was the best way to reconstruct the anterior chest wall after full thickness chest wall resection.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1986

Liquid-chromatographic assay of urinary vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid, with clean-up by on-column injection of acetonitrile or methanol.

To separately measure vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in urine, the sample is diluted 10-fold with 50 mmol/L phosphoric acid, then exactly 5 microL is injected directly onto a 50 X 4.6 mm column of Nucleosil 3C18. Samples can be injected at 5-min intervals because all peaks after these compounds of interest are washed away. VMA is eluted from the column after 2.8 min with 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer, pH 2.2, and measured by electrochemical detection. All peaks eluting after VMA are washed away together, by injection of 50 microL of acetonitrile onto the column. HVA is eluted from the column after 3.3 min with a 100/10 (by vol) mixture of the phosphate buffer and acetonitrile. All later-eluting peaks are washed away together, by injection of 50 microL of methanol onto the column. Analytical recoveries of VMA and HVA were 98.5% and 100.6%, respectively; the CVs for various concentrations of either in urine were about 3%.

Acetonitriles↗
PubMed1985

An automated determination of urinary 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid.

An automated method for the determination of urinary 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid is described. It is based on the procedure of Pisano et al (Clin Chim Acta, 1962; 7: 285-291). The correlation between the automated method and HPLC was high even though diet and medications were not restricted. The method has the advantages of short analysis time, specificity, and precision.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Functional significance of transient collaterals during coronary artery spasm.

Coronary collateral vessels appear transiently during vasospasm. To examine the functional role of such collaterals in acute myocardial ischemia, regional coronary flow was determined in patients who showed isolated total spasm in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery associated with (n = 7, group I) and without (n = 9, group II) collaterals, which were donated by the nonspastic right coronary artery during ergonovine provocative test. Aortic pressure and heart rate were not significantly different in the 2 groups before and during spasm. During vasospasm, the levels of pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure were significantly higher in group II (19 +/- 2 mm Hg, mean +/- standard error) than in group I (15 +/- 1 mm Hg, p less than 0.05). Under these conditions, great cardiac vein flow (GCVF) measured by thermodilution was markedly reduced in group II (from 60 +/- 4 ml/min to 37 +/- 4 ml/min, p less than 0.01), whereas GCVF was slightly reduced in group I (from 56 +/- 4 ml/min to 51 +/- 4 ml/min), indicating that residual GCVF was greater in patients with than in those without collaterals (p less than 0.05). The calculated coronary collateral resistance index during vasospasm was significantly lower in group I (2.06 +/- 0.18 mm Hg min/ml) than in group II (2.91 +/- 0.30 mm Hg min/ml, p less than 0.05). Total left anterior descending coronary artery spasm with collaterals was less frequently associated with ST elevation in the precordial electrocardiogram recorded during spasm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Coronary thrombolysis with urokinase infusion in acute myocardial infarction: multicenter study in Japan.

The efficacy of intracoronary administration of urokinase was evaluated in 514 patients with acute myocardial infarction (anterior, 296 patients; inferior, 195; lateral or posterior, 18; and anterior and inferior, five). The time between onset of chest pain and coronary arteriography was 0.5 to 81.0 hr with an average of 5.0 hr. Initial administration of nitrates resulted in recanalization of the coronaries in 9.3%. Subsequently, urokinase was infused into the coronary arteries, and coronary thrombolysis was successfully achieved in 66.8%. The success rate was low in a group with average infusion speed of more than 30,000 units/min or with a total dose of urokinase of 480,000 units or less. Complications, mainly arrhythmias, were present in 111 patients (33.2%) of the 334 who had successful thrombolysis and in 18 patients (10.8%) of the 166 with unsuccessful thrombolysis, but serious hemorrhage was rare and no fatal case was reported. Patients who had successful thrombolysis had less in-hospital mortality than those who did not (6.3 vs 13.3%). Thus, coronary thrombolysis can be achieved effectively and relatively safely with a sufficient amount of intracoronary urokinase administration in acute myocardial infarction.

Adult↗