Multisystem organ failure in acute aluminium phosphide poisoning.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
K Kishore
Publications and source records attributed to K Kishore.
Subcapsular tubercular liver abscess.
A young female married for the last 2 years but without any issue presented with lump in the right upper abdomen. This was proved to be a subcapsular liver abscess on USG and CT scan and proved to be tubercular on needle aspiration cytology. She was given four drugs antitubercular treatment (ATT). After four months of ATT she conceived and it was decided by both parents to continue the pregnancy. The three drug ATT was continued throughout the pregnancy and she delivered a perfectly healthy baby. Upto three months follow up the mother and baby were perfectly healthy. The subcapsular tubercular liver abscess is extremely rare and conception during treatment may be the first case in literature.
Adult↗
p53 gene and cell cycling in uveal melanoma.
PURPOSE: To determine whether alterations of p53, a tumor suppressor gene, were present in uveal melanoma, and to characterize further the nature of those changes. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis with a monoclonal antibody was used to determine whether alterations of p53 were present in 35 enucleated archival uveal melanomas. Further characterization was done by comparing the p53 gene and cell cycling status by using bromodeoxyuridine staining. The alterations in p53 were characterized using polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis and sequencing. RESULTS: Four of 35 uveal melanomas showed low levels (0.5% to 5.0%) of positive immunostaining for altered p53 in tumor cell nuclei using monoclonal antibody DO-7. These four tumors had the three highest and the 14th highest bromodeoxyuridine labeling indices, ranging from 1.3% to 7.0%. Polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis of p53 exons 5 to 8 was performed on three p53-positive and six p53-negative tumors, and no altered motility shifts were detected. Sequencing of one of the positive staining specimens confirmed no mutations in exons 5 through 8 in the p53 gene. Double immunohistochemical labeling for both bromodeoxyuridine and p53 in one tumor showed that most of p53-positive cells were in S phase. CONCLUSIONS: Mutation of p53 is an uncommon event in uveal melanomas. Nuclear accumulation of p53 protein was found in three of the four tumors with the highest levels of cell cycling.
Adult↗
Gastrointestinal protection by NO from NSAIDs induced injury.
One of the most deleterious side effects of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) is gastric injury. In order to prevent this, attempt has been made to make novel nitric oxide (NO) releasing NSAIDs. The NO-releasing moiety (nitroxybutylester), which is combined with NSAIDs, has been shown to be responsible for gastrointestinal protection. Various NO-releasing NSAIDs have been compared with their parent compounds and marked decrease in gastrointestinal side effects were observed in the former case. Various animal studies have been done in this context. However, exact mechanism of action of NO-releasing NSAIDs is not clear.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
Mediastinal emphysema associated with functional endoscopic sinus surgery. A case report.
A case of mediastinal emphysema after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is presented. Mediastinal emphysema is a rare and previously unreported complication after FESS. The possible aetiologies are discussed.
Adult↗
Field trial of an ecological approach for the control of Phlebotomus argentipes using mud & lime plaster.
A pilot study for the control of Ph. argentipes, a known vector of kala-azar in India, was carried out using an ecological approach. Of the 15 houses selected for the study 10, including the cattle sheds and latrines, were plastered with a mixture of mud and lime, up to a height of 1.22 m taking care to seal all cracks and crevices. The remaining five houses were left unplastered and were considered as control areas. The pre-treatment and post-treatment resting densities of the sandfly were monitored both in treated and untreated houses. A sudden drop in the sandfly density was noticed in the treated houses, whereas there was no significant reduction in the check houses, suggesting an effective control.
Animals↗
Evaluation of a safe sputum processing method for detecting tuberculosis.
AIMS: To evaluate a safe sputum processing method for detection of tuberculosis in developing countries. METHODS: A sample processing method was developed in which acid fast bacilli were killed with 1% sodium hypochlorite and concentrated by flotation on a layer of xylene before staining by the Ziehl Neelsen or auramine O methods. RESULTS: Best results were obtained by auramine O staining after flotation. Staining by the Ziehl Neelsen method after flotation gave better results than direct Ziehl Neelsen staining without flotation. CONCLUSIONS: The flotation method with Ziehl Neelsen staining offers advantages for smear preparation in the tuberculosis control programmes of developing countries.
Bacteriological Techniques↗
Ligation of the internal jugular vein in venous hum tinnitus.
Vascular anomalies, extracranial and intracranial arteriovenous malformations as well as glomus jugulare tumour are well known causes of pulsatile tinnitus. Of late, benign intracranial hypertension has been stated to be a more common cause. However, tinnitus arising from and within the internal jugular vein has been reported only infrequently. Previously known as cephalic bruit and essential objective tinnitus, the venous hum tinnitus presents as pulse synchronous unilateral objective tinnitus. Ligation of the internal jugular vein appears to be a successful treatment. Two cases are presented.
Adult↗
Universal precautions--a critical review.
The route of HIV transmission are now well defined. For health care workers the major occupational risk is from parenteral exposure to infected blood or other body fluids. To prevent such exposures, it would be prudent for HCWs to assume that all patients are potentially infected and a set of precautions applicable universally be followed in contacts with all patients. The provisions of "Universal Precautions" apply to blood, CSF, genital secretions and all body fluids. It is essential that barrier protection and washing of hands be practiced, body fluids be handled with care, correct sterilization and disinfection procedures be followed and a suitable system of waste disposal be evolved. Although the Universal Precautions have been useful in abating some of the more extreme behavior associated with treating AIDS patients and in establishing a rational approach to infection control, some of the recommendations have not been found to be efficacious or cost effective. Preventive measures recommend on the basis of demonstrated efficacy and aimed at routes of exposure that represent true risk are needed. The risks for occupational infection with blood borne pathogens have been a source of concern for health care workers (HCWs) because of their frequent and often substantial exposure to patient blood and body fluids. HCWs have long been identified as a group "at risk" for occupationally acquired Hepatitis B infection. With the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, both HCWs and policy makers have become increasingly concerned about occupational risk from blood borne infections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gloves, Protective↗
Spontaneous hyphema in an infant with Christmas disease.
A 4-month-old boy presented with an apparently spontaneous uniocular hyphema as the initial manifestation of Christmas disease (hemophilia B). Although it is uncommon for patients with hemophilia to experience major bleeds in infancy, and the ocular involvement is usually limited to periocular hemorrhages, we recommend that a coagulation profile be obtained in all patients with intraocular hemorrhage to rule out this disease.
Blood Coagulation Tests↗
Serum antibodies to verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) strains in patients with haemolytic uraemic syndrome.
Serological evidence of infection with verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) was sought in 28 patients suffering from haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) and 25 age- and sex-matched controls. ELISA was used to detect anti-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antibodies to E. coli strains O157, O111, O26 and NCTC 10418, a non-VTEC strain, and Shigella dysenteriae O1. Sera from 19 of the HUS patients but from none of the 25 controls had significant antibody levels to the verotoxin-producing bacteria. Sera from 13 patients reacted with only one LPS of the four verotoxin-producing bacteria; sera from six reacted with more than one LPS antigen but not with LPS of E. coli NCTC 10418. Paired sera taken 2-3 weeks apart were obtained from 20 HUS patients; 14 of these had high levels of antibody in the acute phase sample. Analysis of antibody levels in the convalescent sera showed that one patient had an increase, one was unchanged and 12 patients had a decrease in antibody to the verotoxin-producing bacteria.
Animals↗
Study of breeding habitats of sandflies--preliminary approach.
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Animals↗
Contact thermal burns of the cornea.
The records of 59 patients (66 eyes) with contact thermal burns of the cornea (unilateral in 52 cases and bilateral in 7) were reviewed to determine the causes, clinical presentation, management and complications of such injuries. Most of the injuries (90%) occurred at home. The commonest cause was splashing of boiling fluids (42% of cases), followed by contact with red-hot firecracker particles (18%) and lit match heads (17%). In 59 eyes (89%) the burn was limited to the corneal epithelium, in 5 (8%) the superficial stroma was also involved, and in 2 (3%) there was associated corneal perforation caused by mechanical impact of foreign bodies. Débridement of the coagulated epithelium with patching was the most successful treatment, healing 48 (73%) of the eyes. Postburn complications were rare, the most common being development of inferior symblepharon, in three eyes (4%).
Adolescent↗
Types of posterior capsular breaks and their surgical implications.
We studied the pathogenesis, clinical features, and management of posterior capsular breaks in 28 cataract patients during planned extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation surgery. In the age-related cataract group (17 cases), the posterior capsular breaks were fresh, caused by the irrigation-aspiration cannula. Located in the upper part of the posterior capsule, they had thin margins and tended to enlarge with continued irrigation. Nine (52.9%) of these breaks could be plugged with viscoelastic, and after dry aspiration, a posterior chamber lens was implanted successfully. Posterior capsular breaks in traumatic cataracts (11 cases) were preexisting but were detected only during surgery. Centrally located, they had thick fibrosed margins and remained the same size during irrigation- aspiration. The minimal vitreous herniation seen in four (35.3%) of these cases was managed by automated partial anterior vitrectomy through the break. A posterior chamber intraocular lens was implanted in all these cases.
Adolescent↗
A preliminary observation on larval diapause of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae).
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Animals↗
Evaluation of peribulbar anesthesia in eye camps.
Modified peribulbar anesthesia was administered with a 26-gauge, half-inch, insulin needle to 367 eyes of 360 patients in three eye camps in India. The intraocular procedures consisted of cataract extraction in 349 eyes, trabeculectomy in 11 eyes, and combined cataract extraction and trabeculectomy in seven eyes. The overall success rate of the anesthesia technique was 90.2% (supplemental anesthesia was required in 36 eyes). There was good lid and globe akinesia and anesthesia, adequate pupillary dilatation for intracapsular cataract extraction, and excellent hypotony. No significant local or systemic complications were observed, except for mild to moderate chemosis in some eyes, which did not produce any intraoperative or postoperative problems. We found this technique easy to learn, relatively safe, effective, and well tolerated by our patients.
Anesthesia, Local↗
Ocular atopy and mycotic keratitis.
In a retrospective analysis, we studied the association between ocular atopy and keratomycosis. Forty-one (26.3%) of 156 patients with fungal corneal ulcers were found to have preexisting allergic conjunctivitis. All patients had been using a combination of antibiotics and corticosteroids before developing the corneal ulcer. Fungus isolation on Sabouraud's agar medium was obtained in 74.8% (31/42) ulcers. The most common fungi isolated were Fusarium (32.3%) and Aspergillus (29%). One percent silver sulfadiazine was used as an antifungal agent in these patients. Overall efficacy of this drug was found to be 77.8%, with Fusarium being the most sensitive (87.5%).
Adolescent↗