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Biomedical subjects

K King

Publications and source records attributed to K King.

160 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Congenital hepatic fibrosis and cerebral aneurysm in a 32-year-old woman.

Congenital hepatic fibrosis has been associated with a number of visceral abnormalities, but only rarely with cerebral aneurysms. We report a case of a 32-year-old woman with congenital hepatic fibrosis and a subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. A review of the literature reveals only two previous reports of such an association and both were also associated with polycystic kidney disease. Our patient is unique in that she does not have polycystic kidney disease but rather medullary sponge kidney.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The prevalence of nosocomial and community-acquired infections in Australian hospitals.

The first national survey of the prevalence of nosocomial and community-acquired infections in Australian hospitals was carried out during July 1984. Data were collected on 28,643 patients in rural and metropolitan, public and private acute-care hospitals. The over-all adjusted prevalence of nosocomial infections was 6.3%; the prevalence of community-acquired infection was 9.7%. A total of 5940 infections occurred; 39% were hospital-acquired infections and 61% were community-acquired infections. These occurred at the following sites: the respiratory tract, 35.4% (2100 infections; contributing 19% of hospital-acquired infections and 46% of community-acquired infections); the urinary tract, 15.1% (896 infections; contributing 22% of hospital-acquired infections and 11% of community-acquired infections); surgical wounds, 13.4% (797 infections; contributing 34% of hospital-acquired infections); the gastrointestinal tract, 7.8% (466 infections; contributing 3.4% of hospital-acquired infections and 11% of community-acquired infections); skin, 6.3% (376 infections; contributing 4.4% of hospital-acquired infections and 8% of community-acquired infections); abscesses, 1.9% (113 infections; contributing 0.9% of hospital-acquired infections and 2% of community-acquired infections); traumatic wounds, 1.5% (90 infections; contributing 0.9% of hospital-acquired infections and 2% of community-acquired infections); bacteraemia, 1.5% (89 infections; contributing 1.6% of hospital-acquired infections and 1% of community-acquired infections); burns, 0.2% (14 infections; contributing 0.3% of hospital-acquired infections and 0.2% of community-acquired infections); and other, 16.8% (999 infections; contributing 13.4% of hospital-acquired infections and 19% of community-acquired infections). There was a significant association between hospital size and infection rates. The nosocomial infection prevalence rate increased from 4.2% in hospitals with 50-99 beds to 7.6% in hospitals with 500 or more beds. The prevalence of community-acquired infections was higher in rural (11.5%) than in metropolitan (8.7%) hospitals. After adjusting for hospital size, public hospitals had significantly-higher prevalences of nosocomial (6.7%) and community-acquired (10.6%) infection than did private hospitals (nosocomial infection, 4.8%; community-acquired infection, 6.3%).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening for conditions of public health importance in people arriving in Australia by boat without authority.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of tuberculosis, hepatitis B carriage and markers of hepatitis C and HIV infection in people detained in immigration reception and processing centres in Australia. DESIGN AND SETTING: Eighteen-month survey of medical conditions of public health importance in people detained at the immigration reception and processing centres at Curtin and Port Hedland in Western Australia and Woomera in South Australia. PARTICIPANTS: 7000 detainees (5742 adults and 1258 children and teenagers aged < 18 years) between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2001. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: People treated for active tuberculosis; issuing of health undertakings to report to a chest clinic for follow-up of inactive tuberculosis; and confirmation of hepatitis B carrier status or hepatitis C or HIV infection. RESULTS: Eleven people required treatment for tuberculosis (in nine the diagnosis was confirmed bacteriologically), representing a prevalence of 157 cases per 100,000 population. This rate is much higher than the incidence in Australia in 1998 of 4.93 cases per 100,000 population, but comparable with rates in the source countries. Health undertakings were issued to 973 people (13.9%). Of these, 682 (70.1%) were for inactive tuberculosis (26 in association with hepatitis B carriage or hepatitis C infection); and 156, 58 and two health undertakings were for hepatitis B carriage, and hepatitis C and HIV infection, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The health-screening program at immigration reception and processing centres detects significant numbers of conditions of public health importance, enabling treatment and surveillance to the benefit of the people detained and the Australian community.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of event recording home infant apnea/heart rate monitoring in the greater Los Angeles area.

This study presents the findings of 54 infants sent home on event recording apnea/heart rate monitors over a seven month period. The average gestational age was 35 weeks. The number of referring facilities was 13 hospitals and the number of referring physicians was 41. We separated the admitting diagnostic groups into the following categories: Apnea of prematurity, apnea of infancy, apparent life threatening event, subsequent SIDS sibling, gastroesophogeal reflux, maternal substance abuse, seizure disorders, respiratory distress syndrome, bradycardia of unknown origin, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and Pierre Robin syndrome. From March 1990 to October 1990, a period of seven months, these children were placed in our services on event recording home apnea/heart rate monitors. The average time on service for these patients was 2.90 months, (p less than .07). This data indicates that event recording home apnea/heart rate monitoring greatly decreases the length of home monitoring.

Apnea↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recipient and non-recipient attitudes regarding xenotransplantation.

Xenotransplantation research has occurred intermittently without success this century and is also not an area without controversy, which includes the potential health risks that could occur and the use of animals. The tremendous discrepancy between those in need of transplantation and the number of living and cadaveric donors has once again renewed interest in this field. The National Kidney Foundation undertook an opinion survey to facilitate understanding of both transplant recipients' and non-recipients' knowledge of, and attitudes toward, xenotransplantation. The majority of respondents approved of the concept and greater than 70% of both groups would consider a xenotransplant. The main concern of both groups was the ability of the animal organ to function properly.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Educational factors affecting modality selection: a National Kidney Foundation study.

Patient education has been found to have significant positive effects in a multitude of studies. The National Kidney Foundation undertook a study to examine the various factors that impact upon treatment modality selection, with this paper focusing specifically on the study's educational components. The majority of these respondents reported receiving an adequate amount of information, yet routinely they were not offered information on all treatments available to them. While most indicated being educated by one-to-one discussions, other methods were also employed. Those responding were most likely to receive education from nephrologists, however, nursing was involved with 46% of the participants.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epiphysiodesis: two-year clinical results using a new technique.

A new technique for epiphysiodesis was used to treat seven children with lower limb length discrepancies. A low-speed, high-torque drill was used to ablate the epiphyseal plate through a 1-cm incision under image intensification control. Roentgenographically, the physes appeared to be fused as early as 1 month postoperatively. Clinically, growth was arrested at the time of the operation because the discrepancy never became greater than it was at the time of surgery and improved in all cases at subsequent follow-up visits. No failures of fusion, post-operative infections, restricted joint motion, or angular deformities were encountered.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT technologist to MRI technologist: making the transition.

The advent of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has thrust CT technologists into an exciting new phase of diagnostic imaging. The move from CT to MRI for technologists seems a logical one; however, the transition brings a variety of challenges that can make the change less than ideal.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

People like us, live: an interactive patient education program.

Few would disagree that those with end stage renal disease (ESRD) should be active members of the renal team, and that in order to actively participate in their care, they must have information about their medical condition and treatment options. Yet all too often patients are minimally involved in making their treatment decisions and are passive recipients of care. One study highlights this by pointing out that 65% of the patients in that study had their dialysis modality chosen for them (1).

Humans↗