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Biomedical subjects

K King

Publications and source records attributed to K King.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Septicaemia in patients with haematological malignant disease.

Of 565 patients with haematological malignant disease who were seen between January, 1976, and July, 1978, 66 patients (11.7%) developed 77 episodes of septicaemia, 37 of which proved fatal. The highest prevalence of septicaemia occurred in patients with acute granulocytic leukemia (16 of 42 patients, nine deaths) and acute monocytic leukaemia (four of eight patients, two deaths). The prevalence of septicaemia in patients with multiple myeloma was also high (eight of 41 patients), due in five of these patients to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Factors associated with septicaemia, and the prevalence of the various pathogens isolated, are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The role of antibodies directed against double-stranded DNA in the manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus in childhood.

The specificity of antibodies directed against dsDNA for SLE in a childhood population was tested by analyzing sera from 62 children with lupus and 283 children with other known or suspected autoimmune diseases. The role of these antibodies in the manifestations of SLE was then examined by correlating dsDNA Ab titer with clinical manifestations in 311 sera from 20 children followed for a mean of 51 months. Antibodies to dsDNA were found to be highly specific for SLE. The presence of antibodies in titers of 1:80 or greater correlated with the presence of active disease, arthritis, and rash, but not with azotemia, proteinuria, or increasing proteinuria; this indicated that their role in the induction of lupus nephritis was different from that in the induction of rash and arthritis. This may be due to a requirement for small immune complex formation during times of antigen excess in the initiation of lupus nephritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Prophylactic non-absorbable antibiotics in leukaemic patients.

A regimen of oral non-absorbable prophylactic antibiotics (kanamycin-vancomycin-nystatin) was given to nine severely neutropaenic leukaemic patients on cytotoxic therapy (11 courses), in conjunction with isolation procedures. An appreciable decrease in faecal organisms, especially anaerobes, was apparent after 48 h of commencing the course, and most bacteria had disappeared from the stool after five days. There were three episodes of septicaemia, all with enteric organisms, whilst on these antibiotics; one proved fatal. The emergence of resistance to aminoglycosides in faecal flora, notably Klebsiella, in 6/11 courses constituted a major problem in the use of such prophylaxis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Distribution of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in calcified tissues.

gamma-Carboxyglutamic acid, previously identified in the vertebrate mineralized tissues of bone and dentin, is not detectable in the calcified skeletons of six invertebrate species representing five phyla. Its absence in all analyzed invertebrate tissues (including calcitic, aragonitic, and apatitic mineral phases) indicates that matrix protein-bound gamma-carboxyglutamic acid is not obligatory for the calcification process in the invertebrates. Further, these data raise the possibility that invertebrates as a group may lack the enzymatic capability for biosynthesizing gamma-carboxyglutamic acid. In contrast, the distribution of gamma-carboxyglutamic acid in the vertebrates has been further extended by this study to include an apatitic shark tooth and an aragonitic fish otolith. No gamma-carboxyglutamic acid was detected, however, in the organic matrix of the calcitic hen egg shell.

1-Carboxyglutamic Acid↗
PubMed1978

Reflex neurovascular dystrophy in childhood.

Reflex neurovascular dystrophy has rarely been recognized in children. During the past eight years we have observed 24 instances of RND in 23 children. Lower extremity involvement was manifested in 20 of them and upper extremity in four. The major complaint was pain; swelling and vasomotor instability were prominent, and exquisite tenderness was characteristic. Chronic trophic changes were not observed. Antecedent illness or trauma could be related to the RND in less than half of the children, but personality factors appeared contributory to the development of RND in most children. Physical therapy was the principal form of treatment; therapy with a corticosteroid or by sympathetic blockade was not employed. Reduction in the evidences of disease, including improvement in function, were present in all children at the termination of therapy; improvement was maintained in all but one child after a mean period of 2.4 years. The excellent response to conservative therapy suggests that RND may be a more benign condition in children than in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Sequential intravenous glucose tolerance: responses of newborn and adult.

Acute sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed at an interval of 120 min in 12 normal fasting adults, 5 normal infants, and 6 infants of gestationally diabetic mothers. Glucose disposal (Kt) and plasma insulin elevations were remarkably similar in the paired adult studies. In contrast, the studies in all infants were highly variable although they had similar initial plasma insulin levels (less than 10 micronU/ml). The rates of glucose disposal in the infants (1.43 and 1.47%/min) were slightly slower than the adult rates (1.66%/min). The plasma insulin responses, in contrast, were higher and more sustained throughout the second half of the test in the infants as a group. There was remarkable heterogeneity in the responses of the infants which obscured any differences between the groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Tracheal tube cuffs and tracheal dilatation.

Although tracheal tube cuffs are well known to injure the trachea, attempts to design safer cuff systems have been only partially successful. In 14 dogs, we compared three models of high residual volume, low pressure cuffs, which are considered to be among the safest. Two were air-filled cuffs -- a maintained pressure cuff and a balloon reservoir cuff -- and the third was foam-filled. Tracheal dilatation was considerably more severe with mechanical ventilation than with spontaneous breathing, but the foam cuff produced significantly less dilatation (P less than .005) than the air-filled cuffs.

Air↗
PubMed1970

Manganese Active Transport in Escherichia coli.

Manganese was accumulated by cells of Escherichia coli by means of an active transport system quite independent of the magnesium transport system. When the radioisotope (54)Mn was used, manganese transport showed saturation kinetics with a K(m) of 2 x 10(-7)m and a V(max) of 1 to 4 nmoles/min per 10(12) cells at 25 C. The manganese transport system is highly specific; magnesium and calcium did not stimulate, inhibit, or compete with manganese for cellular uptake. Cobalt and iron specifically interfered with (54)Mn uptake, but only when added at concentrations 100 times higher than the K(m) for manganese. Active transport of manganese is temperature- and energy-dependent: uptake of (54)Mn was inhibited by cyanide, dinitrophenol, and m-chlorophenyl carbonylcyanide hydrazone (CCCP). Furthermore, the turnover or exit of manganese from intact cells was inhibited by energy poisons such as dinitrophenol and CCCP.

Journal Article↗