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Biomedical subjects

K Kawabe

Publications and source records attributed to K Kawabe.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract associated with vulvar Paget's disease: a report of two cases.

Two cases of the urothelial cancers associated with extramammary Paget's disease are reported. In one patient, vulvar Paget's disease was discovered 6 years after complete resection of a ureteral tumor. In another patient, vulvar and vaginal Paget's disease developed during a period of repeated transurethral surgery leading up to the final total cystectomy for recurrent bladder carcinoma. Since genital Paget's disease is frequently accompanied by internal malignancies, a skin biopsy is mandatory when an eczematous lesion has been persistent in the genital region of patients with genitourinary cancers.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1987

Carcinoma of the renal pelvis and bladder associated with sarcoidosis: a case report.

A 75-year-old woman with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis was revealed to have sarcoid granulomas within the kidney as well as in the renal pedicle lymph nodes. Furthermore, noncaseating granulomas had been found in the pelvic lymph nodes in a histological study following previous total cystectomy for bladder cancer. The association of sarcoidosis with genitourinary malignancies is briefly discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Use of an alpha 1-blocker, YM-12617, in micturition difficulty.

The adrenergic alpha 1-blocker has been clinically used for the treatment of patients who have micturition difficulty. However, one of its remarkable adverse reactions is orthostatic hypotension, which prevents this kind of drug from being widely used. In the present study a newly synthesized alpha 1-blocker, YM-12617, was tried and evaluated in 77 male patients with mild benign prostatic hyperplasia and in 5 women with micturition difficulties of unknown origin. Both 0.2- and 0.4-mg doses relieved the difficulty in about 80% of the patients, subjectively and objectively. A statistically significant decrease in residual urine volume (RUV) and an increase in average flow rate (Qave) and maximum flow rate (Qmax) were observed, especially in the group of patients who received 0.4 mg of this drug, but the maximum urethral closure pressure (UCPmax), maximum bladder capacity (Vmax) and premicturition pressure were unchanged. Neither orthostatic hypotension nor a fall in blood pressure were noted, and adverse reactions were negligible. Hence, the use of this drug seems to be worthwhile for the treatment of patients with mild micturition difficulty.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1987

Urethrectomy is harmful for preserving potency after radical cystectomy.

Twenty-three patients who underwent conventional total cystectomy were examined regarding postoperative potency. Two patients who were subjected to simple cystectomy and whose partial prostate and whole seminal vesicles were left showed full erection and normal ejaculation 1-2 months after surgery, thus giving 100% potency after simple cystectomy. In contrast, of 12 patients who underwent radical cystectomy alone, only 3 (25%) regained potency postoperatively, and the strength and duration of erection were not satisfactory for 1 of the 3 patients. Nine patients who received radical cystectomy and urethrectomy did not show signs of potency postoperatively. The sum total postoperative potency rate in the 21 patients subjected to radical cystectomy was 14.3% (3/21). The facts may indicate that urethrectomy is harmful for postoperative potency because damage of the cavernous nerves probably takes place during surgery. To avoid nerve damage, the urethra should be left intact during radical cystectomy employing the nerve-sparing technique developed by Walsh and Donker unless the posterior urethra is invaded by bladder carcinoma. In addition, it was demonstrated that pelvic irradiation might cause impotency as neither pelvic lymph node dissection nor cisplatin administration had any influence on postoperative potency.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Breast metastases of prostatic carcinoma: immunohistochemical case study.

A breast mass developed in a patient receiving estrogen therapy for prostatic cancer. The prostate tumor was adenocarcinoma of small acinar type, whereas that of the breast was infiltrating medullary adenocarcinoma. Histological features of the two tumors differed and double cancer was suspected by conventional pathological study. However, immunohistochemical staining with prostatic specific antigen and prostatic acid phosphatase was positive in each tumor. These results indicate the breast tumor to be a metastasis from the prostatic cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistological study of two malignant lymphomas found as testicular tumors.

Immunohistological studies of two testicular lymphomas are reported. In the first case, lymphoma cells bear T-cell markers such as Leu-4 and Leu-3a, while they do not react with antibodies against B-cell markers such as anti-Leu-14. In the second case, lymphoma cells do not react with anti-T or anti-B cell antibodies, but react with antibodies against B-4, OKT9, and C 13 (anti-HLA-DR). Thus, it is shown that the first case is a lymphoma of helper/inducer T-cell origin and the second case is a pre-B-cell or pre-pre-B-cell lymphoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Hemangiomatous granuloma of the ureter.

A rare case of ureteral hemangiomatous granuloma is reported. Colicky flank pain and gross hematuria are the main symptoms and a long cord-like filling defect in the right ureter is noted on excretory urography (IVP). The possible cause and proper treatment of the disease are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1987

[Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy using NCS (neocarzinostatin) and 5-FU in the treatment of gastric cancer. First report--A comparison with the 5-year survival rate of patients undergoing combined therapy with MMC and 5-FU].

As a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer, we have administered a combination of NCS (Neocarzinostatin) and 5-FU (NF treatment method) and in this paper we have compiled the results obtained in patients who were treated for 5 years in an attempt to compare the 5-year survival rate with that of patients administered a combination of MMC and 5-FU (MF treatment group) and a control group administered no anticancer agents. As the selection of either NF or MF treatment was conducted on an annual basis, this study can be considered an historical controlled study. The results obtained are summarized as follows. On comparing the survival rate of the NF treatment group and the control group, the 5-year survival rate for all patients who underwent curative resection and all patients with histological stage III cancers and the curative resection PS (+) group, as well as the survival period of the non-resected patients, showed a statistically significant difference, indicating that the survival rate was higher in the NF group. On comparing the NF group and the MF group, although no statistically significant difference was observed between then based on a stratified analysis of all resected cases, histological stage differences and n.ps factors, etc., certain values tended to indicate a higher survival rate for the NF group. Moreover, the survival rate of the non-resected patients was more favorable in the NF group. These results confirm that NCS is useful for the treatment of stomach cancer and compares favorably with MMC. The appearance of side-effects was significantly lower in the NF group in comparison with the MF group and the number of patients who had to discontinue therapy was extremely low.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Antiemetic effects of MS-5080 associated with cisplatin chemotherapy--an attempt in assessment based on the sample score system using multivariate analysis].

Effect of a new antiemetic drug, MS-5080 was evaluated against nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy including cisplatin. Fifty patients with various urological malignancies were registered into this study, which were distributed to the aliquot number with a respective dose schedule of 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/kg body weight of MS-5080. Forty-seven patients with a total of 73 chemotherapeutic courses were eligible for evaluation of antiemetic efficacy, whereas the side effect of MS-5080 were evaluated in 48 patients with a total of 74 courses. Antiemetic efficacy was evaluated in terms of duration of nausea, duration of vomiting, duration of food intolerance, and the number of vomiting episodes. No statistically significant difference was observed in relation to the dose dependency of MS-5080. In assessment of the side effects, a relatively high incidence of diarrhea was observed compared to the other known antiemetic drugs. In the present study, we attempted an evaluation based on the sample score system using multivariate analysis. The results were correlated well with results of a grading system of efficacy that were determined by each physician who treated the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Inverted papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

A 47-year-old man presented with an inverted papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Cystoscopy revealed an approximately 2 cm mass, with a small stalk and smooth surface, which was situated just medial to the right ureteral orifice. Transurethral resection of the tumor was performed on July 25, 1983. Malignant changes were recognized in the epithelial cords in the resected specimen. This is in contrast to the general view that inverted papilloma of the urinary bladder is benign in nature. The authors believe that careful pathologic examination should be done when an inverted type tumor of the urinary tracts is found. No recurrence has been recognized as of September 11, 1987.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1986

Crystal structures of modified myoglobins. II. Relation between oxygen affinity properties and structural changes around heme in myoglobins reconstituted with 2,4-diisopropyldeuteroheme, 2-isopropyl-4-vinyldeuteroheme, and 2-vinyl-4-isopropyldeuteroheme.

The crystal structures of sperm whale metmyoglobins reconstituted with three kinds of modified hemes, 2,4-diisopropyldeuteroheme, 2-isopropyl-4-vinyldeuteroheme, and 2-vinyl-4-isopropyldeuteroheme, have been determined and refined at 2.2 A resolution to R = 0.216, 0.219, and 0.195, respectively. All the crystals of these myoglobins are isomorphous with that of native metmyoglobin. The 2-vinyl-4-isopropyldeuteroheme was found to be in a reverse orientation, in which the heme plane is rotated by 180 degrees about an axis through the alpha-gamma-meso carbons, whereas the orientations of the other two hemes were the same as that of protoheme in native myoglobin. In the myoglobins with 2,4-diisopropyldeuteroheme and 2-vinyl-4-isopropyldeuteroheme, both of which have lower oxygen affinities than native myoglobin, the bulky isopropyl side chain pushes Phe 43 0.7 A toward His 64 (the distal histidine) in the former, and the whole E helix at most 1.5 A, including a 0.7 A shift of the His 64 imidazole ring, in the latter. The changes of the structures prevent His 64 from forming a hydrogen bond with the liganded oxygen molecule, so that these two modified myoglobins show low oxygen affinities. On the other hand, there is no such drastic displacement in myoglobin with 2-isopropyl-4-vinyldeuteroheme, which has a slightly higher oxygen affinity than native myoglobin.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Clinical reevaluation of the effect of oxybutynin chloride on uninhibited neurogenic and reflex neurogenic bladder.

Oxybutynin chloride has been clinically used for the relief of symptoms associated with voiding in patients with uninhibited neurogenic and reflex neurogenic bladder in the USA. The present clinical and urodynamic studies were the first meticulously in patients with uninhibited neurogenic and reflex neurogenic bladder in Japan. A single oral dose of oxybutynin chloride (3 or 6 mg) did not induce any change either in subjective symptoms or in urodynamic studies; however, in the continual administration study, 7 of 9 patients showed an improvement in the symptoms associated with voiding. The drug reduced urinary frequency, urgency and incontinence, and significantly increased the volumes at the first desire to void (FDV) and maximum desire to void (MDV) in cystometry. Furthermore, no serious adverse reactions were observed, and hence the drug seems to be of clinical significance.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Multiple imaging procedures including MRI in bladder cancer].

Endoscopic photography, double contrast cystography, transurethral echography, X-ray CT scan, and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) were utilized for the staging diagnosis of the four patients with carcinoma of the bladder. In the first case, a 70-year-old man, since all of the five imaging procedures suggested a superficial and pedunculated tumor, his bladder cancer was considered T1. The classification of stage T3 carcinoma was made for the second 86-year-old male. Because all of his imaging examinations showed a tumor infiltrating deep muscle and penetrating the bladder wall. The third case was a 36-year-old male. His clinical stage was diagnosed as T2 or T3a by cystophotography, double contrast cystogram, ultrasonography, and X-ray CT scan. However, MRI showed only thickened bladder wall and the infiltrating tumor could not be distinguished from the hypertrophic wall. The last patient, a 85-year-old female, had a smaller Ta cancer. Her double contrast cystography revealed the small tumor at the lateral bladder wall. But, the tumor could not be detected by transaxial, sagittal and coronal scans. Multiple imaging procedures combining MRI and staging diagnosis of the bladder carcinoma were discussed.

Adult↗