Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Kaneko

Publications and source records attributed to K Kaneko.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Clinical assessment of the pumping technique in treating TMJ arthrosis with closed lock.

The treatment of closed jaw locking due to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrosis is described. Conventional mandibular manipulation of the lower and/or upper joint compartments was performed using hydraulic pressure from an imaging X-ray medium. The procedure was used in 40 patients with closed locking (5 acute and 35 chronic). The results of the treatment are evaluated and factors affecting the results are examined. In four of the five patients with acute closed locking, the lock was successfully released after use of the pumping technique on the lower joint compartment. In patients with chronic locking, an average improvement of 6.6 mm in the degree of interincisal opening was observed within 3-4 days of treatment with the pumping technique. In 13 of these patients, satisfactory opening (at least 40 mm) was achieved immediately. All the patients underwent further forward and contralateral manipulation to assist mouth opening, and after a period of 2-3 months 16 patients showed a further average improvement of 5.4 mm in interincisal opening.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Clinical evaluation of orthodontic treatment after surgical repositioning or transplantation of teeth.

Fourteen impacted teeth in thirteen patients aged 9 to 17 years were either repositioned or transplanted, followed by postoperative orthodontic treatment. Successful results were achieved in twelve of the teeth. In one tooth, ankylosis of the root prevented a successful outcome, and deficient bone healing of the alveolar process led to an unsuccessful result in a second tooth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Intrahepatic bile duct stenosis causing intrahepatic calculi formation following excision of a choledochal cyst.

BACKGROUND: Formation of intrahepatic calculi is one of the major late complications after excision of a choledochal cyst. There are few studies, however, that have examined this complication. Generally, an anastomotic stricture is believed to be the main cause of intrahepatic calculi. We report our experience with eight patients who had intrahepatic calculi after excision of a choledochal cyst. STUDY DESIGN: To determine what caused the intrahepatic calculi to form, seven patients underwent cholangioscopy and direct visual inspection during the operation, and one patient underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy. Intrahepatic bile was cultured, and calculi were analyzed. RESULTS: Two types of stenoses (membranous and septal) were demonstrated near the hepatic hilum in all patients. Calculi were always located on the hepatic side of the stenoses. No anastomotic strictures were found in the region of the hepaticojejunostomy. The calculi contained mainly calcium bilirubinate. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were cultured from the bile in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Stenoses of the intrahepatic bile ducts were demonstrated in all eight patients. The stenoses were considered to be the primary cause of intrahepatic calculi formation after excision of the choledochal cysts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Roles of dopamine receptors in long-term depression: enhancement via D1 receptors and inhibition via D2 receptors.

The effects of both the activation and the blockade of D1 or D2 dopamine receptors on long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic transmission, and the involvement of NMDA and GABA receptors in LTD, were investigated in CA1 neurons of rat hippocampal slices. Low-frequency stimulation (LFS, 450 pulses at 1 Hz) produced LTD of the slope of field EPSPs (-14.3%, mean, n = 10). The induction of LTD was blocked by the NMDA receptor antagonist, AP5 (1.4%, n = 7), by the D1 receptor antagonist, SCH-23390 (3.5%, n = 8), or by the D2 receptor agonist, LY-171555 (4.4%, n = 8). Either the activation of D1 receptors by SKF-38393 or the blockade of D2 receptors by sulpiride produced significantly larger LTD than the control LTD (-31.1%, n = 11; -30.6%, n = 9, respectively). Although LTD was blocked by picrotoxin, a GABAA receptor/Cl- channel antagonist (4.9%, n = 8), LTD was produced by LFS in the medium containing both SKF-38393 and picrotoxin (-27.3%, n = 7). These results indicate that: (1) the induction of LTD by LFS in hippocampal CA1 neurons is under the influence of both NMDA and GABA receptors; (2) both D1 and D2 receptors are involved in the modulation of LTD in that the activation of D1 receptors enhances LTD, while that of D2 receptors inhibits LTD, and (3) while the induction of LTD is blocked by picrotoxin, this effect is superseded by SKF-38393.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
PubMed1996

[Postoperative early complication of primary lung cancer].

We analyzed postoperative early complications of primary lung cancer in 321 cases during 1982 to 1993 in our hospital, and assessed the prevention and the treatment against these complications. In order of frequency the complications are, paroxymal supraventricular tachcarida (10.6%), atelectasis due to sputum (6.9%), pulmonary fistula for more than seven days (4.7%), hoarseness of voice due to recurrent nerve palsy (4.0%), chylothorax (2.5%), gastrointestinal tract complications (2.2%), reoperation due to massive bleeding (1.2%), wound dehiscence (0.9%), bronchial fistula (0.6%), rupture of ascending aorta (0.3%) and myocardial infarction (0.3%). The two cases of bronchial fistula after pneumonectomy, and one of myocardial infarction after lobectomy through the median approach died of early complications. The operative indication for primary lung cancer is extended to the patients with higher age and lower pulmonary function; so we should be careful for the pre and postoperative prevention and the rapid and appropriate treatment against these postoperative early complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Rhabdomyolysis related-acute renal failure in a patient with hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma (HNKC): demonstration of myoglobin casts after normalization of renal function].

We report a patient with rhabdomyolysis secondary to hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma (HNKC), who progressed to acute renal failure. A 43-year-old male with diabetes mellitus for three years was admitted to our hospital because of loss of consciousness. The laboratory findings at admission were as follows: serum glucose 1792 mg/dl, serum Na 129 mEq/1, BUN 71 mg/d1, serum creatinine 3.3 mg/d1, CPK 715 IU/1, plasma osmolality 370 mOsm/1, and negative urine ketone bodies. A diagnosis of HNKC was made. On the 2nd day, he had oliguria and the serum creatinine increased despite adequate treatment of HNKC by the administration of intravenous fluid and insulin. On the 4th day, CPK reached 47,300 IU/1, and serum myoglobin was also increased, indicating rhabdomyolysis. His renal function improved gradually and was almost normalized on the 20th day. Renal biopsy on the 23rd day showed myoglobin at the distal renal tubules, which appeared to be involved in the pathogenesis of renal failure by rhabdomyolysis. However, we found little abnormality association with diabetic nephropathy in the renal tissue. Since HNKC is known to induce acute renal failure rarely without diabetic nephropathy, these findings suggested that the acute renal failure was caused mainly by the rhabdomyolysis. Acute renal failure induced by rhabdomyolysis in patients with HNKC is rare, but fatal. The present study showed that the measurement of serum CPK and urine myoglobin was helpful for early diagnosis. Only 12 cases have been reported to have developed renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis among patients with HNKC. To our knowledge, we demonstrated for the first time that myoglobin at the distal renal tubules after renal function was normalized.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1996

Effect of stimulus intensity and voluntary contraction on corticospinal potentials following transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Following magnetic transcranial stimulation, motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) from the abductor digiti minimi muscle, and evoked spinal cord potentials (ESCPs) from the cervical epidural space were recorded simultaneously in 9 subjects in the awake and anesthetized condition. In the awake condition, during voluntary contraction, one (n = 5) or two (n = 4) components of the ESCPs were elicited at the threshold stimulus intensity of the MEPs. As the stimulus intensity increased, an early response (n = 7) and multiple late components were recorded. The first component at high stimulus output (average 80%) preceded the small potentials elicited at threshold stimulus intensity. The latency of each component of the ESCPs during voluntary contraction was the same as that during the resting condition. In addition, the enhancement of amplitude of the ESCPs during voluntary contraction was not significant compared with that recorded at rest. During general anesthesia with volatile anesthetics, the first component of the ESCPs could be elicited at high stimulus intensity, but later components were markedly attenuated. In paired transcranial magnetic stimulation, the amplitude of this first potential following the test stimulus completely recovered within the 2 ms interstimulus interval. From these results, we hypothesized that the first component was generated non-synaptically (D-wave), but later components were generated transsynaptically (I-waves). Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and F-waves also were recorded following supramaximal ulnar nerve stimulation at the wrist. Peripheral conduction time, which included synaptic delay in spinal motor neurons, was measured as follows (latency of CMAPs+ latency of F-wave + 1)/2 (ms). The central motor conduction time (CMCT) was measured by subtracting the peripheral conduction time from the onset latency of the MEP at high stimulus intensity in the awake state. During voluntary contraction, the calculated CMCT (4.9 +/- 1.0 ms) was the same as the onset latency of the second component of the ESCPs (I-wave, 4.3 +/- 0.2 ms) recorded from the C6-C6/7 epidural space. These results suggest that transcranial magnetic stimulation generates I-waves preferentially when the stimulus intensity was set at just the threshold level of the MEPs during voluntary contraction in the awake condition. At high stimulus intensity, transcranial magnetic stimulation can elicit both D- and I-waves, but most spinal cells require I-wave activation to fire. Facilitatory effects of voluntary contraction on the muscle response following transcranial magnetic stimulation mainly originates at a spinal level.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Complete excision of the intrapancreatic portion of choledochal cysts.

BACKGROUND: Cyst excision is the treatment for patients with choledochal cysts. In general, many authors recommend intramural dissection between the outer and inner layers of the cyst or partial excision leaving part of the cyst in the pancreas to avoid pancreatic injury. However, because there are few large series with long-term follow-up periods, it remains unclear how much of the intrapancreatic portion of the cyst should be resected and what resection technique should be used. STUDY DESIGN: During an 18-year period, 104 patients underwent excision of choledochal cysts at our hospitals. Twelve patients had partial excision of the cyst above the pancreas, and 17 had intramural dissection of the intrapancreatic portion. Seventy-five patients underwent complete excision of the intrapancreatic portion of the cyst by our new technique, in which the outer plane of the epicholedochal plexus is dissected, exposing the narrow distal segment connecting the cyst to the pancreatic duct. Our new technique was compared retrospectively with the other two techniques. RESULTS: With our technique, the intrapancreatic cyst could be excised completely in 75 patients without any complications. Blood loss was significantly decreased when our technique was used compared to intramural excision. A pancreatic fistula occurred after intramural excision in one patient, and pancreatic stones formed several years after partial excision and intramural excision in three patients who proved to have residual cystic material in the pancreas. CONCLUSIONS: Our operative technique is safe and effective for the complete excision of the intrapancreatic portion of a choledochal cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A surgical case report of ossified left atrial myxoma].

A 68-year-old female has developed dyspnea on effort for 5 years. On admission, a grade 2/6 apical systolic regurgitant murmur was noted. Chest X-ray examination showed moderate cardiac enlargement. Echocardiogram showed a highly echoic mass with acoustic shadow in the left atrium which was attached to the interatrial septum. A partial herniation of the tumor through the mitral annulus in diastolic phase and moderate mitral regurgitation was noted. Ultra fast computed tomography of the chest revealed a left atrial mass with high density area. At operation the mass was excised with atrial septum through the right atriotomy. Microscopic findings showed the myxoma with bone and bone marrow formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Abnormality of HDL subfractions in cholesteryl ester transfer protein deficiency].

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) in cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) deficiency is deficient in reverse cholesterol transport although HDL-cholesterol levels markedly increase in such patients. This may be responsible for the abnormal metabolism of pre beta 1-HDL, the initial acceptor of cell-derived cholesterol. To answer this question, we determined HDL subfraction levels in 8 CETP deficiency and 21 normolipidemic subjects. We also measured the rate of decrease in pre beta 1-HDL level by LCAT activity during the incubation at 37 degrees C for 90 min. We found that HDL2b was 2.4 times higher in CETP deficiency than in control [52.2 +/- 14.3, vs. 21.5 +/- 9.8% of plasma apoA-I(%AI), p < 0.005] while HDL2a and HDL3 were significantly lower in the former than in the latter (HDL2a; 25.5 +/- 8.0 vs. 40.4 +/- 6.5% AI, p < 0.005) (HDL3; 10.0 +/- 6.8 vs. 28.3 +/- 5.9% AI, p < 0.005). There were no significant differences in pre beta 1-HDL level between 2 groups (4.9 +/- 3.0 vs. 4.5 +/- 2.3% AI, NS). However, the rate of decrease in pre beta 1-HDL was significantly less in CETP deficiency than in control (-33.2 +/- 22.9 vs. -73.7 +/- 12.2%, p < 0.005). In conclusion, the metabolism of pre beta 1-HDL is delayed in CETP deficiency. It is suggested that the esterification of cell-derived cholesterol removed by pre beta 1-HDL may be deficient in CETP deficiency.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1996

The long-term suppressive effect of prior activation of synaptic inputs by low-frequency stimulation on induction of long-term potentiation in CA1 neurons of guinea pig hippocampal slices.

We have investigated the effects of prior activation of afferent inputs by a train of low-frequency stimulation (LFS) on the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) induced by high-frequency stimulation (tetanus, 100 Hz, 100 pulses) in CA1 neurons of guinea pig hippocampal slices. The parameters of the LFS were altered systematically: the frequency (1 or 5 Hz); the number of pulses (80, 200 or 1000); and the time lag from the LFS to the tetanus (20, 60 or 100 min). Conditioning effects of the LFS on the induction of LTP were evaluated in terms of the slope of the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (S-EPSP) and the amplitude of the population spike (A-PS). LTP could reliably be induced by 100 Hz tetanic stimulation delivered to a naive slice. In contrast, the attempt to induce LTP 60 min after LFS of 200 or 1000 pulses at 1 Hz resulted only in short-term potentiation while the LFS itself produced no significant change in the responses. The suppressive effect on LTP was significantly reduced for 1 Hz LFS with a smaller number of pulses (80 pulses), or a shorter (20 min) or longer (100 min) time lag from the LFS to the tetanus, or with LFS at a higher frequency (5 Hz). When the LFS of 1000 pulses at 1 Hz was delivered in the presence of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist AP5 (D,L-4-amino-5-phosphonovalerate, 50 microM), which was washed out after the end of the LFS, the tetanus given 60 min after application of the LFS produced stable LTP, indicating the involvement of NMDA receptor/channels in the mechanisms of this particular form of synaptic plasticity-long-term suppression of LTP.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
PubMed1996

[Intralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with asymptomatic aspergillosis: a case report].

One case of intralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with asymptomatic aspergillosis are reported. A 39-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of abnormal shadow in the right lower lobe detected on mass miniature chest X-ray. The patient had been asymptomatic, and an aortogram showed an anomalous artery originating from abdominal aorta and entering the abnormal shadow suggesting sequestration. The right S10 segmentectomy was done. With bacterial culture of fluid in the specimen and on microscopic investigation this proved to be an intralobar pulmonary sequestration infected with Aspergillus. This case shows the necessity of prompt resection of intralobar pulmonary sequestration, even if asymptomatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Anatomy and etiology of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in children leading to bleeding esophageal varices.

BACKGROUND: The cause of extrahepatic portal vein obstruction in childhood is unknown. We investigated the anatomical features of extra hepatic portal vein obstruction to clarify its cause. STUDY DESIGN: We studied portal venous anatomy in 10 patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction without hepatic disturbances ranging in age from 1 to 7 years (mean age, 4.2 years) using ultrasonography, portal venography, cholangio-computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: The extrahepatic portal vein was not obliterated, but it crossed over the common bile duct from the left to the right side at the cranial level of the pancreas and ran in a cranial direction along the right side of the common bile duct or coiled itself around the bile duct. Thus, the extrahepatic portal vein formed a tortuous eta-shape. CONCLUSIONS: The portal vein was not obstructed in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction but formed a characteristic eta-shape by coiling itself around the common bile duct, suggesting that extrahepatic portal vein obstruction has an embryological cause.

Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic↗
PubMed1995

Prion protein (PrP) synthetic peptides induce cellular PrP to acquire properties of the scrapie isoform.

Conversion of the cellular isoform of prion protein (PrPC) into the scrapie isoform (PrPSc) involves an increase in the beta-sheet content, diminished solubility, and resistance to proteolytic digestion. Transgenetic studies argue that PrPC and PrPSc form a complex during PrPSc formation; thus, synthetic PrP peptides, which mimic the conformational pluralism of PrP, were mixed with PrPC to determine whether its properties were altered. Peptides encompassing two alpha-helical domains of PrP when mixed with PrPC produced a complex that displayed many properties of PrPSc. The PrPC-peptide complex formed fibrous aggregates and up to 65% of complexed PrPC sedimented at 100,000 x g for 1 h, whereas PrPC alone did not. These complexes were resistant to proteolytic digestion and displayed a high beta-sheet content. Unexpectedly, the peptide in a beta-sheet conformation did not form the complex, whereas the random coil did. Addition of 2% Sarkosyl disrupted the complex and rendered PrPC sensitive to protease digestion. While the pathogenic A117V mutation increased the efficacy of complex formation, anti-PrP monoclonal antibody prevented interaction between PrPC and peptides. Our findings in concert with transgenetic investigations argue that PrPC interacts with PrPSc through a domain that contains the first two putative alpha-helices. Whether PrPC-peptide complexes possess prion infectivity as determined by bioassays remains to be established.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Fertirelin and buserelin compared by LH release, milk progesterone and subsequent reproductive performance in dairy cows treated for follicular cysts.

This field study compared the efficacy of a single injection of 200 microg fertirelin with that of 20 microg buserelin in shortening the recovery period of 68 laotating Holstein-Friesian cows with ovarian follicular cysts 65 d post partum or later. Differential diagnosis was based not only on palpation per rectum but also on skim milk progesterone profiles ( or= 1.0 ng/ml) 1 wk after treatment, was evidenced in 75% of the fertirelin group and 72% of the buserelin group. A 74% conception rate was achieved in fertirelin-treated cows, with a mean interval of 71 d from treatment to conception. In the buserelin-treated cows, 65% conceived and the treatment-to-conception interval was 63 d. Differences were insignificant. At the doses used the two GnRH analogs were deemed equally effective in managing particularly stubborn follicular cysts.

Journal Article↗