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Biomedical subjects

K Kaneko

Publications and source records attributed to K Kaneko.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Computed tomography-guided hookwire localization of small pulmonary nodules for thoracoscopic biopsy].

We performed thoracoscopic biopsies of small pulmonary nodules in 13 patients by placing hookwires adjacent to the target nodules under computed tomographic (CT) guidance. Biopsies were successfully performed in 10 of the 13 patients. Placement of individual hookwires for this purpose took from 20 to 50 minutes (30 minutes on average). Excisional biopsies of individual nodules required 20 to 60 minutes (37 minutes on average). Although pneumothorax developed in one patient, treatment was not considered necessary. This biopsy technique was unsuccessful in 3 cases, in 2 of which the hookwire became dislodged, and in 1 of which the target nodule was not contained in the resected specimen. These experiences seemed to underscore the importance of placing CT-guided hookwires more deeply into lung tissue near the target nodules. The technique appears to be useful for thoracoscopic biopsies of peripheral pulmonary nodules that otherwise would be difficult to identify by endoscopic probing forceps.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1999

[Vitamin C: structure-activity correlation and cytoprotective actions through free radical scavenging and extracellular matrix construction].

Conventional studies on vitamin C have been conducted by single-dosage administration with ascorbic acid itself being so labile as to undergo irreversible degradation. In contrast, enrichment of intracellular ascorbate is accomplished by pro-vitamin C in which its 2,3-enediol moiety is protected with phosphate ester, being thereafter enzymatically esterolyzed. Ascorbic acid-2-O-phosphate (Asc2P) gradually releases ascorbate, which is cumulatively taken up into diverse human or mammalian cells, and prevents cell injuries such as post-ischemic reperfusional injury in the liver or heart, age-dependent telomeric DNA shortening in endothelial or epithelial cells, UV-B irradiational injury in the skin and lipid peroxide-induced injury in the vascular endothelium, and tumor invasion and metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Three cases of gastric cancer (Borrmann type IV) presenting with right back pain caused by right hydronephrosis as the first symptom].

We experienced three cases of right hydronephrosis, which were later diagnosed to have been caused by gastric cancer (Borrmann type IV). The patients were 25-, 38-, and 50-year-old women who complained of right back pain. Ultrasound sonography revealed right hydronephrosis in all three cases. We conducted drip infusion pyelography, computed tomographic scan and retrograde pyelography, but there were no signs of urinary stones or tumors, except for the presence of right ureteral stenosis. Since the patients had upper abdominal discomfort, they underwent gastrofiberscopy, which revealed scirrhous gastric cancer. We suspected that the right ureteral stenosis was caused by metastasis of gastric cancer. After a double J catheter was indwelt at the right ureter, combination chemotherapy of methetrexate + 5-fluorouracil was conducted. The right hydronephrosis diminished and all three patients became catheter-free.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis of the upper lobe: a case report].

A 26-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of exertional dyspnea. Chest x-ray films disclosed reticulonodular shadows predominantly in the upper fields of both lungs, but no apical cap. Lung biopsy specimens obtained from the upper lobe by video-assisted thoracoscopy revealed subpleural elasto-fibrosis. Also, specimens obtained from the lower lobes disclosed micro-honeycombing due to peri-lobular fibrosis resembling usual interstitial pneumonia. Although pneumothorax occurred repeatedly, the lungs reinflated on each occasion without artificial intervention. Similar radiographic findings had been obtained on the patient's father, who died of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis at the age of 56. Idiopathic pulmonary upper lobe fibrosis was conclusively diagnosed because the patient exhibited most of the features originally described by Amitani et al.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Actual situations and problems of patients receiving home IVH--trial use of an assessment chart for outpatients].

In order to improve the quality of life (QOL) and continue nursing, we used an assessment chart to investigate the actual situations and problems of the patients receiving home intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH). From January, 1997 to June, 1999, we investigated 20 patients with home IVH. To 7 patients among them, we asked questions using Kurihara's assessment chart for QOL, plus our original questions concerning IVH. The mean age of the patients was 61 years old, and 19 of them had advanced cancers. Forty percent of the patients maintained the IVH all by themselves and 10% of the patients needed the support of their family. The remaining 50% of the patients left all to their family. There were 9 incidents of trouble during the maintenance of the IVH. Almost all patients from whom informed consent had been received were satisfied with the home IVH. On the contrary, all patients who had not given informed consent were not satisfied with the home IVH. According to the results of the assessment chart, even if the total points were low, the points for the IVH were high in the patients had given informed consent. The main reason for lower QOL was pain. The points for the families were lower than those for the patients. They sometimes complained of uneasiness and dissatisfaction with the support they received. We conclude that therapies to improve symptoms and mental state are necessary to satisfy the patients, and that it is important to support not only the patients but also their families.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

P16INK4a expression adenovirus vector to suppress pancreas cancer cell proliferation.

The prognoses of pancreatic cancer patients have been miserable even after radical surgery, and adjuvant therapy is necessary to improve the surgical results. p16(INK4a) (p16) is tight-binding and inhibitory protein for cyclin-dependent kinase 4 to induce G1 arrest of the cell cycle. p16 gene deletion is frequently identified in human pancreas cancer. The impaired gene function of p16 might be a major factor of the uncontrolled proliferation and malignancy of pancreas cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of adenovirus p16 expression vector for pancreas cancer cell proliferation to clarify whether the vector might be a promising mode to assist the surgical therapy for pancreas cancer. We constructed the adenovirus p16 expression vector AdexCACSp16 by inserting p16 cDNA to a cassette cosmid containing a nearly full-length adenovirus type 5 genome with E1 and E3 deletions. Thereafter, we assessed the activity of AdexCACSp16 to induce p16 gene mRNA expression in pancreas cancer cell line MIAPaCa-2 and to control cell proliferation. AdexCACSp16 induced a high level of p16 gene mRNA expression in MIAPaCa-2 cells with 1 h contact to the cells. The cell proliferation was significantly suppressed by AdexCACSp16 compared with the control adenovirus group. These data indicate that AdexCACSp16 has the potential to induce p16 gene expression and control pancreas cancer cell proliferation and that the adenovirus p16 expression vector AdexCACSp16 might be a possible method of gene therapy to improve the surgical therapeutic results for pancreas cancer.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1999

Lumbar spinal synovial cyst presenting with neurological deficit. A case report and review of the literature.

A spinal synovial cyst is a rare condition. We reported a case of lumbar spinal synovial cyst presenting neurological deficit. A 78-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the low back pain radiating to the left buttock. A myelography with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extradural cystic lesion at the L5 and S1 level. At the time of surgery, a standard posterior approach was used to expose the posterior elements from L5 to S1. An en bloc laminectomy and total removal of the cyst was performed at the L5 to S1 level. The postoperative recovery was uneventful except for a slight pain in the left leg which persisted for some time.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Characterization of the phosphoproteins and protein kinase activity in mTOR immunoprecipitates.

The mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, has been shown to be an upstream regulator of translational effectors. In the present study, in order to detect potential molecules involved in the mTOR signaling, an in vitro phosphorylation assay using mTOR immunoprecipitates from HEK293 cells was carried out. In addition to the autophosphorylation of mTOR, 32P incorporation into 80-kDa (pp80) and 175-kDa (pp175) bands was observed in mTOR immunoprecipitates. The protein kinase activity toward the recombinant eIF-4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) was also detected as previously described. When mTOR immunoprecipitates from HEK293 cells were prepared in the presence of a detergent, Nonidet P-40, the 4E-BP1 kinase activity and 32P incorporation into pp175 dramatically diminished, while the phosphorylation of mTOR and 32P incorporation into pp80 did not change. These results raised a possibility that mTOR may associate with protein cofactors, some of which may be involved in the regulation of kinase activities associated with mTOR.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed1998

Intrasolid Interfacial Fractality of a Less-Crystalline Solid.

Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements have been carried out on pitch (PIT) and cellulose (CEL)-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs). In the higher angle region, the scattering intensity did not obey the classical Porod's law. This suggests that ACFs have a rough surface and their roughness is expressed by the concept of surface fractal. The surface fractal dimension was determined from SAXS for each ACF. ACFs were treated at high temperature in argon in order to control the nanographitic crystallinity. PIT and CEL lost their microporosity upon heat treatment above 1773 and 2073 K, respectively. These nonporous ACFs showed also a strong SAXS caused by the electron density difference at the interface between microcrystalline and amorphous phase. This interface also had a fractal dimension, which was defined as the interfacial fractal dimension. The surface or interfacial fractal dimension of ACF depended on the heating temperature. As the treating temperature increased, the surface or interfacial fractal dimension decreased from 2.8 to 2.0. Both PIT and CEL showed a similar temperature dependence on each other. The surface or interfacial fractal dimension was reduced with the growth of nanographites, and upon heating at 3173 K, the intrasolid interfacial fractal dimension became 2. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1998

Association between genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase P1 and N-acetyltransferase 2 and susceptibility to squamous-cell carcinoma of the esophagus.

We examined the effect of genetic polymorphisms of phase-II enzymes, glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and N-acetyltransferase2 (NAT2) on susceptibility to esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma To determine the genotypes of the 2 polymorphisms, PCR-based analysis was performed on samples from 66 Japanese patients who had been histologically diagnosed as having esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma, and 164 healthy Japanese controls. The frequency of the AA genotype of GSTP1 was significantly higher in esophageal-cancer patients than in the controls according to logistic-regression analysis (92% of the patients and 68% of the controls; odds ratio (OR), 8.0; p = 0.0013). Also, more patients had the slow and intermediate acetylator genotypes of NAT2 than the controls (15% and 38% vs. 10% and 32% respectively; OR of the slow acetylator genotype, 4.2; p = 0.032; OR of the slow plus intermediate acetylator genotypes, 2.9; p = 0.015). Polymorphisms of GSTP1 and NAT2 may serve as genetic biomarkers for predicting susceptibility to esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

New method to measure central motor conduction time using transcranial magnetic stimulation and T-response.

Measuring central motor conduction time (CMCT) is one of the useful methods to detect an impaired level of the spinal segment in cervical myelopathy patients. We modified a new technique to calculate the CMCT using tendon reflex latency (T-response) and investigated its accuracy. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) following transcranial stimulation were recorded in 19 patients with cervical myelopathy caused by a single level of spinal cord compression. CMCT was measured by subtracting the peripheral conduction time, which was calculated by using the T-response for the biceps brachii muscle (Biceps), the compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and the F-wave of the abductor digiti minimi muscle (ADM). In the control subjects, the mean value of CMCT of the Biceps and ADM was 3.8 and 7.0 ms, respectively. The accuracy of the determination of the CMCT for Biceps using T-response was investigated beforehand in the unilateral brachial plexus palsy patients and thoracic spinal cord myelopathy patients. The calculated CMCT (3.88+/-0.65 ms) for Biceps was close to the N2 latency (4.06+/-0.3 ms) of the evoked spinal cord potentials which were recorded from the epidural space on the C3-4 vertebral level following transcranial magnetic stimulation. The CMCT of both the Biceps and ADM was delayed in all cases of C1-2 cord compression. In patients with cord compression on the C3-4 level, two of four patients showed CMCT prolongation in Biceps. The prolongation of CMCT was observed only in ADM in patients with C4-5 or C5-6 cord compression. Measurement of the CMCT using T-responses was useful in proximal limb muscles. Comparison of the CMCT in Biceps and ADM could allow us to better detect the functional level diagnosis for compressive cervical myelopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Correlation between spinal cord compression and abnormal patterns of median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials in compressive cervical myelopathy: comparison of surface and epidurally recorded responses.

To investigate the correlation between the level of spinal cord lesion and the abnormal pattern of median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), evoked spinal cord potentials (ESCPs) were also recorded from the posterior epidural space intraoperatively in 18 patients with compressive cervical myelopathy. Levels of symptomatic spinal cord compression were determined by ESCP findings. Spinal N13 potential of the SSEPs was recorded from the surface of the posterior neck with anterior neck reference. Brainstem P14 and cortical N20 potential were recorded from the parietal scalp contralateral to the stimulated side. Spinal N13, P14, and N20 potentials were all normal when the ESCPs were abnormal at localized segmental region (C4-5 or C5-6 level alone). Spinal N13 potential was significantly attenuated in all of patients with abnormal ESCP findings at widespread segmental area of the median nerve territory. In four of these seven patients, brainstem P14 potential was also prolonged or diminished, but three patients showed normal P14 and N20 potentials. Isolated P14 abnormality with normal spinal N13 potential was characteristic in patients with abnormal ESCP at the C3-4 lesion. Although sensitivity of abnormal ESCP was higher than that of the SSEPs, abnormal patterns of spinal N13, P14 and N20 potentials following median nerve stimulation were useful in detecting not only the pathology (posterior horn and/or posterior column) but also symptomatic spinal compression level in compressive cervical myelopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Significant increase in antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolates from human beings and chicken meat in Thailand.

A total of 1715 Salmonella strains, including 600 S. enteritidis, 290 S.derby, 257 S. Weltevreden, 122 S. 1,4,5,12:i:-, 235 S. anatum, and 211 S. typhimurium, originating from 1308 human beings and 407 frozen chicken meat specimens collected in 1993 and 1994 were tested for antibiotic resistance. The disk diffusion method was used with nine disks of chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, amikacin, kanamycin, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole plus trimethoprim, nalidixic acid, gentamicin and ofloxacin. The resistance rates of human beings isolates in 1994 to ceftriaxone, amikacin and kanamycin were, respectively, 10.7%, 8.6%, 17.8% in S. enteritidis; 23.1%, 17.3% 33.0% in S. derby; 30.9%, 40.2%, 60.4% in S. weltevreden; 16.1%, 17.7%, 70.9% in S.1, 4, 5, 12:i:-; 25.7%, 21.6%, 24.7% in S. anatum; 18.9%, 15.7%, 37.8% in S. typhimurium, while those isolates in 1993 to the same three antibiotics were, respectively, 1.8%, 0.6%, 3.7% in S. enteritidis; 0.8%, 0%, 9.1% in S.derby; 1.8%, 2.7%, 10.8% in S. weltevreden; 3.8%, 0%, 23.0% in S.1, 4, 5, 12:i:-; 2.2%, 2.2%, 6.7% in S. anatum; 4.5%, 1.5%, 10.6% in S. typhimurium. It was shown that the resistance rates in 1994 were significantly higher than those in 1993. All isolates were susceptible to ofloxacin with the exception of one isolate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Emergence of rules in cell society: differentiation, hierarchy, and stability.

A dynamic model for cell differentiation, where cells with internal chemical reaction dynamics interact with each other and replicate was studied. It led to spontaneous differentiation of cells and determination, as discussed in the isologous diversification. The following features of the differentiation were obtained: (1) hierarchical differentiation from a 'stem' cell to other cell types, with the emergence of the interaction-dependent rules for differentiation; (2) global stability of an ensemble of cells consisting of several cell types, that were sustained by the emergent, autonomous control on the rate of differentiation; (3) existence of several cell colonies with different cell-type distributions. The results provide a novel viewpoint on the origin of a complex cell society, while relevance to some biological problems, especially to the hemopoietic system, is also discussed.

Catalysis↗
PubMed1998

Surgical treatment of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome associated with protein-losing enteropathy: report of a case.

PURPOSE: The case of a patient with Cronkhite-Canada syndrome, who developed a protein-losing enteropathy, is reported. METHODS: After localization of the protein-losing region, a right colectomy was performed. RESULTS: Hypoproteinemia and ectodermal changes improved postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery is an effective treatment for protein-losing enteropathy in Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. Ectodermal changes improve after correcting malnutrition.

Female↗
PubMed1998

Cellular characterization of pituitary adenoma cell line (AtT20 cell) transfected with insulin, glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2) and glucokinase genes: insulin secretion in response to physiological concentrations of glucose.

We investigated the mechanisms of insulin secretion by transfecting into a pituitary adenoma cell line (AtT20) a combination of genes encoding human insulin (HI), glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2) and glucokinase (GK), followed by studying the characteristics of these cells. In static incubation, a cell line transfected with insulin gene alone (AtT20HI) secreted mature human insulin but this was not in a glucose-dependent manner. Other cell lines transfected with insulin and GLUT2 genes (AtT20HI-GLUT2-3) or with insulin and GK genes (AtT20HI-GK-1) secreted insulin in response to glucose concentrations of only less than 1 mmol/l. In contrast, cell lines transfected with insulin, GLUT2 and GK genes (AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK-6, AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK-7 and AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK-10) showed a glucose-dependent insulin secretion up to 25 mmol/l glucose. Glucose utilization and oxidation were increased in AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK cell lines but not in AtT20HI, AtT20HI-GLUT2-3 and AtT20HI-GK-1 cells at physiological glucose concentrations, compared with AtT20 cells. Diazoxide, nifedipine and 2-deoxy glucose suppressed (p < 0.05) glucose stimulated insulin secretion in AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK-6 cells. Glibenclamide, KCl or corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) stimulated (p < 0.05) insulin secretion both in AtT20HI and AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK-6 cells. Insulin secretion stimulated by glibenclamide, KCl or CRF was further enhanced by the addition of 25 mmol/l glucose in AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK-6 cells but not in AtT20HI cells. In perifusion experiments, a stepwise increase in glucose concentration from 5 to 25 mmol/l stimulated insulin secretion in AtT20HI-GLUT2-GK cell lines but the response lacked a clear first phase of insulin secretion. Our results suggest that both GLUT2 and glucokinase are necessary for the glucose stimulated insulin secretion in at least rodent cell lines, and that other element(s) are necessary for a biphasic insulin secretion typically observed in beta cells.

Adenoma↗