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Biomedical subjects

K Kanazawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Kanazawa.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Reactivity of two monoclonal antibodies (Troma 1 and CAM 5.2) on human tissue sections: analysis of their usefulness as a histological trophoblast marker in normal pregnancy and trophoblastic disease.

In normal and molar pregnancy, a morphological discrimination between nonvillous trophoblasts which lie scattered in the placental bed and surrounding maternal cells is considered to be difficult. We examined the reactivity of two monoclonal antibodies (Troma 1 and CAM 5.2) against cytokeratin by an immunoperoxidase technique and analyzed their usefulness as a histological trophoblast marker. Materials were taken from 42 uteri with normal pregnancy, 7 uteri with hydatidiform mole, 2 uteri with gestational choriocarcinoma, 1 fallopian tube with nongestational choriocarcinoma, 5 delivered term placentae of normal pregnancy, and 5 nongestational uteri. The reactivities of Troma 1 on frozen sections and those of CAM 5.2 on paraffin sections were identical. They reacted with surface epithelium and gland epithelium in the nongestational uterine corpus. In the implantation site of normal and molar pregnancy, they reacted with villous and nonvillous trophoblasts as well as endometrial gland epithelium. In gestational and nongestational choriocarcinoma, they reacted with carcinoma cells specifically. Since the histological detection of gland epithelium may not be difficult, it was concluded that the two antibodies were very beneficial as a histological marker for trophoblasts in normal pregnancy and trophoblastic disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Production of blocking antibodies by vaccination with husband's lymphocytes in unexplained recurrent aborters: the role in successful pregnancy.

To elucidate an immunological mechanism in terms of the effectiveness of vaccination of the unexplained habitual aborters with their husband's lymphocytes, 20 patients were selected as the experimental group, and 10 fertile couples were selected as the control group. Subjects were studied by mixed lymphocyte reaction-blocking assay so as to determine whether they had blocking antibodies (BAbs) in their sera. In the experimental group, BAb levels were found to be significantly lower as compared to the ten control multiparous wives; 17 cases (85%) of them were proved not to have sufficient BAbs. Significant sharing of HLA-D/DR antigens was observed in experimental couples. Then, 10 out of 17 patients with evidence of no produced BAbs were vaccinated with their husband's lymphocytes, and all of them were observed to produce BAbs within three vaccinations. After vaccination, seven out of ten patients have so far become pregnant, five of these pregnancies have been successful, with evidence of continuing production of BAbs. In conclusion, vaccination of the patients with husband's lymphocytes was found to stimulate a production of BAbs, and it was thus strongly suggested that this may lead to their production in a subsequent pregnancy, which would allow its success.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1986

Endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions following partial pancreatectomy + partial hepatectomy.

Comparative studies were performed on changes in endocrine and exocrine responses of the pancreas after partial hepatectomy, partial pancreatectomy or combination of these procedures in rats, in order to clarify the effect of the combined operation on the remnant pancreatic parenchyma. Three days after partial (60%) pancreatectomy with partial (70%) hepatectomy, endocrine function was better preserved than after partial pancreatectomy alone, suggesting that hypersecretion of insulin initiated by partial hepatectomy may ameliorate the defective glucose-induced insulin secretion following partial pancreatectomy. Further, exocrine function in terms of amylase output was relatively well maintained 3 days after partial pancreatectomy + partial hepatectomy as compared with partial pan after partial pancreatectomy + partial hepatectomy as compared with partial pancreatectomy alone.

Amylases↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of oncofetal antigen-I (OFA-I) on lymphocyte response in pregnant women].

OFA-I, a membrane antigen on human malignant melanoma cells, was reported to be also found on a fetal brain tissue and to have a highly immunogenic effect on a pregnant woman. The aim in this study is to analyse an immunologic activity of OFA-I on in vitro response of lymphocytes from pregnant women. OFA-I was prepared from M-14 cells which are an in vitro cell line originating in a human malignant melanoma and purified by affinity column chromatography using the antibodies which were prepared from ascites of an embryonal carcinoma patient and exhibited anti-OFA-I activity in immune adherence test. The results obtained were as follows: No significant effect of OFA-I was found on PHA-induced lymphocyte response. A suppressive effect of OFA-I was observed on an unidirectional mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) between a wife and husband when OFA-I was added at a concentration of more than 0.1 micrograms/ml. It was also suggested that the effect was attributable to inhibition in an initial phase of MLC. A suppressive effect of OFA-I was observed on Ig production of PWM-stimulated lymphocytes at a final concentration of more than 0.25 micrograms/ml. There was no significantly difference between the effect in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Furthermore, the effect was demonstrated to be mediated with macrophages in the culture system. From these findings, it was implied that OFA-I might play an important role in maternal immune recognition in the feto-placental unit.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Reactivity of two monoclonal antibodies (Troma 1 and CAM 5.2) on tissue sections--as a histological trophoblast marker in normal pregnancy and trophoblastic disease].

In normal and molar pregnancy, non-villous trophoblasts which exist in the placental bed are thought to be difficult to be distinguished morphologically from the surrounding maternal cells. We examined the reactivities of two monoclonal antibodies (Troma 1 and CAM 5.2) by an immunoperoxidase technique and analyzed their usefulness as histological trophoblast markers. Materials were taken from 41 uteri of normal pregnancy, 7 uteri of hydatidiform mole, 2 uterine gestational choriocarcinoma, 1 tubal tissue of non-gestational choriocarcinoma and 5 non-gestational uteri. The reactivity of Troma 1 was observed on frozen sections and paraffin sections were employed in the analysis of CAM 5.2. The reactivities of these antibodies were the same. In nongestational tissue, they reacted with endometrial gland epithelia and endometrial covering epithelia. In placental bed of normal pregnancy, they reacted with villous and non-villous trophoblasts, besides endometrial gland epithelia. In molar sections, they reacted with gland epithelia, villous trophoblasts and also non-villous trophoblasts which proliferated towards maternal tissue. In choriocarcinoma, they reacted with carcinoma cells specifically. Since endometrial gland epithelia are easily identified histologically, it was concluded that these antibodies could work as histological trophoblast markers in normal pregnancy and trophoblastic disease.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Immunohistologic characterization of lymphoid cells infiltrating dysgerminoma of the ovary].

Dysgerminoma of the ovary is composed of cells that resemble primordial germ cells morphologically and connective tissue stroma with lymphoid cell infiltration, the degree of which has been discussed in correlation with the prognosis. In order to characterize the lymphoid cells histochemically, a sensitive immunoperoxidase technique was applied on serial tumor tissue sections. Monoclonal antibodies used in this study were anti-HLA-ABC, anti-HLA-DR, anti-HLe-1 (leukocytes), anti-Leu-1,-4(pan T cells), anti-Leu-2a (killer/suppressor T cells), anti-Leu-3a (helper/inducer T cells), anti-Leu-12,-14 (B cells), anti-Leu-M3 (monocytes/macrophages) and OKT-10 (myeloid and lymphoid precursors, thymocytes, activated T and B cells). Lymphoid cells identified morphologically on sections stained with hematoxylin-eosin were HLe-1 positive, and were therefore thought to originate in bone marrow. Most of them were also positive for Leu-1,-4, and they were composed of nearly equal numbers of Leu-2a positive cells and Leu-3a positive cells. Furthermore, the majority of the lymphoid cells were HLA-DR positive, consisting of a large number of OKT-10 positive cells and a small number of Leu-12,-14 positive cells and Leu-M3 positive cells which were mainly found in connective stroma encapsulating tumor tissue. Taken together, the lymphoid cells in the connective stroma were considered to be activated T cells. Tumor cells themselves lacked reactivity with anti-HLA-ABC or anti-HLA-DR, while lymphoid cells and connective stroma were HLA-ABC positive.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed1986

[Establishment and characterization of two histologically differentiated human uterine endometrial carcinoma cell lines from the same patient--a correlation between grade of morphological differentiation and HLA antigens].

The cell lines designated KKNS-I and KKNS-II were derived from the metastatic lesions in the lymph nodes of endometrial adenocarcinoma. The KKNS-I cells were small spindle or polygonal in shape and showed a jig-saw puzzle-like arrangement with a tendency to pile up. The KKNS-II cells were polygonal in shape, and larger than the KKNS-I. They appeared to be arranged like a pavement. The modal number of the two cell lines was 46 without marker chromosome. Calculating from the growth curves, the doubling times for the KKNS-I and the KKNS-II cells were 35 hours and 60 hours, respectively. The tumors obtained from the nude mouse inoculated with the KKNS-I and the KKNS-II were a poorly differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and a well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma in histology, respectively. The volume of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor in the KKNS-II were more than that in the KKNS-I cells. HLA-ABC antigens were detected in both the cells, but HLA-DR antigens were detected in only some populations of KKNS-II cells. These data suggest a relationship between the HLA-DR antigens and the degree of differentiation of the endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Anti-tumor and adverse effect of etoposide and cisplatin on human choriocarcinoma transplanted to nude mice--a correlation between effect and tissue distribution of the drugs].

The study dealt with anti-tumor and adverse effects of etoposide and cisplatin on human choriocarcinoma cell line (GCH-1) transplantable in nude mice in relation to the rate of their uptake into tumor tissue. Nude mice were divided into 3 groups (etoposide, cisplatin and MTX-group), 7 to 9 per group and received drug treatment which started when their tumor grew to 100 approximately 300 mm3 in volume. All drugs were intraperitoneally administrated to nude mice (each drug: 1/4 mouse LD50 dose X3, weekly). The inhibiting action on the tumor was observed to be etoposide greater than cisplatin greater than MTX. The body weight loss of nude mice was observed to at its maximum in the cisplatin-treated group. The serum beta-HCG level did not rise in the drug-treated groups but rose in the non-treated control group. No histopathological changes characteristic of each drug were found. A concentration of etoposide and cisplatin in various tissues was serially measured after one shot intraperitoneal injection of etoposide 25 mg/kg or cisplatin 5 mg/kg. Etoposide reached its peak concentration after 30 minutes in tumor, liver and kidney and, after 4 hours, was left with 37.1%, 10.4% and 2.3% concentrations after 30 minutes in tumor, liver and kidney, respectively. Cisplatin showed similar kinetics, but was found to remain at a comparatively high concentration in both liver and kidney. Thus, it was demonstrated that etoposide and cisplatin were active against the human choriocarcinoma cell line. Furthermore, the less adverse effect of etoposide was felt to be partially due to its lower residue in liver and kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Uptake of secondary autoxidation products of linoleic acid by the rat.

Incorporation of secondary autoxidation products (SP) of linoleic acid into the rat body was investigated. Radioactive SP was administered orally to a group of 5 rats, and excretions of radioactive substances in feces, urine and respiration were measured and compared with excretions from rats fed linoleic acid and its hydroperoxides. The SP-fed group excreted 45% and the other groups about 10% of the administered radioactivity through feces. Urinary excretion accounted for 52% of activity ingested in the SP group and less than 30% in the other groups. The 14CO2 produced in each group was about 25% of the ingested activity. Incorporation of the radioactive substances of SP into tissues and organs was measured periodically after administration of a single dose. The radioactive substances accumulated in the liver between 12-24 hr after administration and accounted for 2.6% of the total amount given, the highest level of all tissues and organs. This accumulation led to an elevation of serum transaminase activities, an increase in hepatic lipid peroxide, as determined by thiobarbituric acid test, and a slight hypertrophy of liver (1.5-fold). Therefore, absorbed SP appeared to contribute to the deleterious condition of the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Transrectal ultrasonography for the assessment of invasion of rectal carcinoma.

To make objective and accurate assessment of depth of invasion in rectal carcinoma, transrectal ultrasonography was performed on 49 patients with rectal carcinoma. Two types of scanners were available for use; i.e., 5.0 MHz linear array scanner and 3.5 MHz radial scanner. An experimental study using fresh specimen revealed that the middle low echoic layer of the rectal wall corresponded to the muscularis propria. Depth of cancer invasion was assessed as to whether or not invasion had reached the muscularis propria, or whether invasion had gone through the muscularis propria. The result of 5.0 MHz linear array scan was superior to 3.5 MHz radial scan, and was fairly satisfactory. Future studies, using a sonographic probe with higher frequency and better resolution, are expected to produce valuable benefits in deciding indications for local excision of rectal carcinomas.

Adenoma↗