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Biomedical subjects

K Kameda

Publications and source records attributed to K Kameda.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[The substrate specificity of acyl-CoA synthetase from E. coli and the characterization of its purified preparation].

The substrate specificity of the acyl-CoA synthetase from E. coli was studied. The enzyme was purified by means of DEAE-Sephacel, hydroxyapatite, Sepharose 6B, and blue dextran-Sepharose 6B chromatography. The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was 47,000 estimated by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. 45,000 was determined as the molecular weight by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The purified enzyme was quite unstable, however, the high concentration of potassium phosphate increased its stability. The chaotropic ion decreased the activity of purified enzyme, and the addition of the antichaotropic ions restored the activity to the original level. The purified enzyme activated the fatty acids with chain length of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, which was similar to the observations for the acyl-CoA synthetase in the crude extracts of E. coli. The purified enzyme also activated trans fatty acids at the same conversion rates as the corresponding cis isomers. Throughout the purification procedure, decanoyl-CoA synthetase activity was observed in the fractions which contained oleoyl-CoA synthetase activity.

Coenzyme A Ligases↗
PubMed1983

[A double blind clinical trial of cefamandole and cefmetazole in complicated urinary tract infections].

We conducted a randomized double blind comparison of cefamandole (CMD) and cefmetazole (CMZ) in the treatment of 193 patients with complicated urinary tract infections. The patients received 1 gram of CMD or CMZ twice a day intravenously by drip infusion over 1 hour for 5 days. Pretreatment urinary leukocyte counts and urinary bacterial counts were at least 5 cells/hpf and 10(4) bacteria/ml, respectively. Each patient was randomly allocated either to CMD or CMZ group. There were 93 patients in CMD group and 100 patients in CMZ group. Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on the effect of treatment on bacteriuria and pyuria according to the criteria set by the UTI Committee, Japan. The response to CMD treatment was excellent in 18 cases (19.4%), moderate in 38 cases (40.9%) and poor in 37 cases (39.8%) with an overall effectiveness of 60.2%, whereas the response to CMZ was excellent in 19 cases (19.0%), moderate in 40 cases (40.0%) and poor in 41 cases (41.0%) with an overall effectiveness of 59.0%. No statistical significant difference was found between 2 treatment groups. Comparison of the bacteriological response between 2 groups showed that the eradication rate for strains of Gram-positive cocci were significantly higher in those patients treated with CMD. Gram-negative rods were eradicated from 68.4% of cases treated with CMD, and 78.0% of those with CMZ, but the difference was not significant. Adverse reactions were observed in 3 patients receiving CMD 1 case each of diarrhea, eruption and epigastric pain. Abnormality in laboratory tests was found in 6 patients in each treatment group. The results indicate that CMD is effective, safe and useful in the treatment of patients with complicated urinary tract infections, and its efficacy, safety and usefulness are comparable with those of CMZ.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Increase of anti-ulcerogenic activity by reduction and alkylation of disulfide bonds of a globulin fraction from bovine serum.

Bovine serum was subjected to ammonium sulfate fractionation, and subsequently chromatographed on DEAE-cellulose column to obtain a globulin protein having a weak anti-ulcerogenic activity, Fr.II-A. Agar immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion using rabbit antiserum against bovine IgG revealed that Fr.II-A from bovine serum shared antigenic determinant with bovine IgG. Furthermore, Fr.II-A showed a single band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. By reducing and alkylating the disulfide bonds by 2-mercaptoethanol and iodoacetic acid, Fr.II-A was separated into two subfragments in the same manner as in the case of immunoglobulin to produce Fr.L (molecular weight; 24000) and Fr.H (molecular weight; 50000). Fr.L showed anti-ulcerogenic activity up to about ten times greater than that of original Fr.II-A, but in the case of Fr.H, the activity increased approximately several times. Fr.L showed significant activity in preventing ulcer formation and gastric juice secretion in pylorus-ligated rats, and was also effective in reducing index of the phenylbutazone-induced ulcer.

Alkylation↗
PubMed1982

Insulin releasing action of 2-[2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imadazol-2-yl)-1-phenylethyl] pyridine dihydrochloride sesquihydrate (DG-5128), a new, orally effective hypoglycaemic agent.

2-[2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-phenylethyl] pyridine dihydrochloride sesquilhydrate (DG-5128) is a new orally effective hypoglycaemic agent structurally unrelated to the known hypoglycaemics. DG-5128 was found to decrease blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin release, like the sulphonylurea hypoglycaemics. However, the study with the rat Langerhans islets in vitro indicated a great difference in mode of stimulation of insulin release between DG-5128 and a sulphonylurea hypoglycaemic, tolbutamide. DG-5128 significantly reversed alpha-adrenergic inhibition of the glucose-primed insulin release from the islets, while tolbutamide did not. From the comparison with the effects of phentolamine, yohimbine and prazosine, DG-5128 was strongly suggested to stimulate the glucose-primed insulin release through antagonizing at alpha 2-adrenoreceptors on the B cells.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Hypoglycemic action of 2-[2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-phenylethyl]pyridine dihydrochloride sesquihydrate (DG-5128), a new hypoglycemic agent.

2-[2-(4,5-Dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-phenylethyl]pyridine dihydrochloride sesquihydrate (GD-5128) is a new hypoglycemic agent structurally unrelated to the known hypoglycemics. It was effective in reducing fasting blood glucose levels in mice, rats, dogs and monkeys at a single oral dose ranging from 5 to 25 mg/kg. DG-5128 was also effective in suppressing hyperglycemia induced by oral and subcutaneous glucose load in mice, rats and monkeys. In addition, it was interesting to find that DG-5128 effectively suppressed glucose-induced and post-prandial hyperglycemia in genetically diabetic mice of AyKK strain which were resistant to the action of tolbutamide, and that it strongly and specifically inhibited adrenaline-induced platelet aggregation. The hypoglycemic activity was not affected by simultaneous administration of other drugs including mefenamate, sulfamonomethoxine, cefazolin, dicoumarol, furosemide and clofibrate. DG-5128 did not cause lactic acidosis in rats even after repeated administration of large doses. These findings suggest usefulness of DG-5128 as a new anti-diabetic agent.

Animals↗