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Biomedical subjects

K Kameda

Publications and source records attributed to K Kameda.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Increased compliance of niceritrol treatment by addition of aspirin: relationship between changes in prostaglandins and skin flushing.

The relation of plasma levels of prostaglandins to the occurrence of flushing induced by niceritrol was investigated. Niceritrol increased plasma levels of PGE2 (p less than 0.01) and 6 keto-PGF1 alpha (p less than 0.05) in 10 male subjects and aspirin reduced the level of PGE2 (p less than 0.01). Five of 10 subjects had flushing, and aspirin reduced flushing in 4 subjects. On the basis of the above study, we treated 35 hyperlipidemic patients with niceritrol in combination with aspirin, investigating the effect of the treatment of serum lipids and postheparin lipolytic activity. None of the 12 cases given aspirin from the start of the treatment experienced flushing, whereas 9 of the 23 cases not given aspirin experienced flushing, which was suppressed by adding aspirin in prescription in all cases except one. Niceritrol decreased serum cholesterol, triglyceride and atherogenic index. It also increased HDL2 cholesterol and decreased HDL3 cholesterol. The LPL activity in postheparin plasma increased in all cases after niceritrol treatment. In conclusion, aspirin increased compliance of niceritrol by reducing the occurrence of flushing probably due to the decreased levels of prostaglandins, yielding favorable results for the long-term treatment of hyperlipidemia with a sufficient doses of niceritrol.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

Influence of endogenous hyperinsulinism on high density lipoprotein2 level in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance.

We determined the insulin response to an oral glucose ingestion and levels of serum lipoproteins in 25 untreated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, in 26 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and in 35 non-diabetic control subjects. The three groups had similar compositions with respect to age and sex distribution. The levels of VLDL triglyceride in the subjects with type 2 diabetes or IGT were higher than those in controls. Serum HDL- and HDL2 cholesterol were significantly decreased in type 2 diabetics, and the subjects with IGT showed a similar tendency. Serum apolipoprotein A-II levels were lower in the male subjects with type 2 diabetes or IGT than in controls. Insulin response, i.e., sum of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels at basal, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after a 75-g oral glucose load, negatively correlated to HDL- and HDL2 cholesterol levels (r = -0.396, P less than 0.05; r = -0.482, P less than 0.001, respectively), and positively correlated to VLDL triglyceride values (r = 0.485, P less than 0.001) in the male subjects with type 2 diabetes or IGT. In the female subjects, fasting plasma IRI values significantly correlated to HDL cholesterol (r = -0.496, P less than 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the concentrations of HDL2 cholesterol and VLDL triglyceride. These data show that lipoprotein metabolism, not only in type 2 diabetics, but also in IGT tends to show changes such as decreased HDL2 cholesterol and increased VLDL triglyceride levels, and which might be related to the hypersecretion of endogenous insulin.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Effect of immunoglobulin preparations on the aggregation of human erythrocytes.

The aggregation of human erythrocytes induced by four kinds of immunoglobulin preparations was examined by a low shear rheoscope. After removing anti-A+ and anti-B+ activities contaminated in all preparations by incubating with erythrocytes of different blood groups, the facilitating effect on the rouleau formation of erythrocytes was compared: (i) The effect of polyethyleneglycol-treated preparation was the same in A+-, B+-, AB+- and O+-erythrocytes. (ii) Sulfonation did not affect the velocity of rouleau formation. (iii) Some of pepsin-treated preparations showed the strongest facilitation for A+-, B+- and AB+-erythrocytes, but the facilitation was much weaker for O+-erythrocytes. The others showed the weak facilitation for all types of erythrocytes (especially O+-erythrocytes). (iv) Plasmin treatment markedly decreased the velocity of rouleau formation of AB+- and O+-erythrocytes, but was not of A+- and B+-erythrocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hyperlipoproteinaemia in primary gout: hyperlipoproteinaemic phenotype and influence of alcohol intake and obesity in Japan.

Serum lipoprotein profiles were investigated in 108 male patients with primary gout before treatment to elucidate the prevalence of each individual phenotype of coexisting hyperlipoproteinaemia and pathogenic factors responsible for it. The mean serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in the patients with gout were 2.10 +/- 0.14 mmol/l and 5.26 +/- 0.10 mmol/l (mean +/- SEM) respectively, which were significantly higher (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05 respectively) than the levels in age matched controls without gout (1.30 +/- 0.07 mmol/l and 4.77 +/- 0.08 mmol/l respectively). Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) values were slightly decreased in patients with gout compared with controls (1.24 +/- 0.08 mmol/l v 1.40 +/- 0.03 mmol/l, p less than 0.05). Hyperlipoproteinaemia was seen in 61 patients (56%), of whom patients with type IIa, IIb, and IV hyperlipoproteinaemia formed 13, 15, and 69% respectively. Thus the prevalence of type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia was high in primary gout as compared with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia (69% v 43%, p less than 0.01). The independent and relative influences of clinical data of the patients upon the concentrations of serum lipids were assessed by stepwise multiple regression analysis. Two major predictors of serum TG level were alcohol intake (p less than 0.01) and serum uric acid level (p less than 0.05). The most significant predictive variable was alcohol intake, but its influence was judged to be small (r2 = 0.067). None of the other variables, including obesity index, had any significant influence. The relationships between any of these variables and serum TC or HDL-C levels were not significant. In addition, serum lipid levels were investigated in patients with neither obesity (defined as 120% or more of ideal body weight) nor a history of alcohol intake. Their serum TG and TC concentrations were also significantly higher than the respective control levels. Thus hyperlipoproteinaemia in primary gout its unlikely to be secondary to excess alcohol intake or obesity, or both. Instead, it may result from genetic factors such as a combined hyperlipidaemic trait.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Partial purification and characterization of fatty acid binding protein(s) in Escherichia coli membranes and reconstitution of fatty acid transport system.

Fatty acid binding protein(s) in E. coli membranes was solubilized and partially purified by oleate-AH Sepharose 4B column chromatography. The binding of palmitate to the protein was saturable. The protein bound all fatty acids with chain lengths of 10-18 tested, and its maximum activity was observed with palmitate. The incorporation of the protein into liposomes which contained a system for acyl-CoA synthesis significantly increased the uptake of the extracellular [14C] palmitate by the liposomes in comparison with the liposomes without the protein. The uptake of [14C] palmitate was also saturable, and the accumulated radioactive compound was found to be palmitoyl-CoA.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1985

Isolation and characterization of the multiple charge isoforms of acyl-CoA synthetase from Escherichia coli.

The three fractions of acyl-CoA synthetase differing in isoelectric pH were isolated from Escherichia coli by isoelectric focusing and characterized. They had the same molecular weight and identical immunochemical properties. The three fractions differed appreciably in pH-velocity profiles. These fractions had distinguishable thermal stabilities and peptide patterns obtained after limited proteolysis. Apparent Km and Vmax values for fatty acids were also significantly different in these fractions, although the specificity ranged from C8 to C18 fatty acids with maximum activity for lauric acid in all fractions.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1985

Further purification, characterization and salt activation of acyl-CoA synthetase from Escherichia coli.

Acyl-CoA synthetase was further purified from Escherichia coli in good yield and fold purification by affinity chromatography on CoA-Sepharose 4B. The molecular weight of the active form of the purified enzyme was estimated as 45 000 by Sephadex G-100 and 47 000 by Sephadex G-200. Sedimentation equilibrium ultracentrifugation analysis revealed a molecular weight of 50 000. The sedimentation coefficient was calculated as 4.4 S. An absorption maximum at 276 nm was observed in the ultraviolet light absorption spectrum. The molar extinction coefficient was 9.2 X 10(4). Kinetic constants were determined for trans fatty acids. All ions tested, including chaotropic and lyotropic ions, stimulated or inhibited acyl-CoA synthetase activity depending on their concentrations in the assay system. In a series of chaotropes, the lower concentration required to maximally activate acyl-CoA synthetase in increasing order of potency of chaotropic ions. The inhibitory effect of chaotrope on the enzyme activity was reversible. These data suggest that salts have a common mode of action and influence acyl-CoA synthetase activity primarily through their effect on the solution structure.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1985

The effect of vitamin E deficiency on some erythrocyte membrane properties.

The erythrocytes from the vitamin E-deficient rats showed no changes in comparison with the erythrocytes from the vitamin E-supplemented rats in lipid peroxides, membrane fluidity, lipid composition, and activities of defensive enzymes against the lipid peroxide formation. Once erythrocytes from vitamin E-deficient rats were exposed to H2O2, the erythrocyte membrane fluidity was significantly reduced, which was presumed to be accompanied by an increase in the hemolysis and lipid peroxide formation. Large decreases in arachidonic acid and phospholipid were also observed. These findings suggest that the reduced membrane fluidity is due to the loss of phospholipid from the erythrocytes, and raises the possibility that the reduced fluidity might contribute to the peroxidative hemolysis of the vitamin E-deficient rat erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Hyperthermic perfusion therapy using peplomycin for bladder cancer].

Hyperthermic intravesical perfusion therapy using peplomycin (40 micrograms/ml) in distilled water at 43 degrees C as a perfusate was performed for 2 to 3 hours in 18 patients with superficial bladder tumors and 2 with deep bladder tumors. The therapeutic efficacy was determined by cystoscopy, ultrasonography and/or CT scan. Complete and partial tumor regression was obtained in 1 and 3 of the 18 patients, respectively. There was no tumor regression in the 12 patients. Most of the patients studied had bladder discomfort such as irritation, urinary frequency and so on, during and/or after perfusion. None of the patients developed acute pyelonephritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Marked hyper-HDL2-cholesterolemia associated with premature corneal opacity. A case report.

We report here a peculiar case with premature corneal opacity and extremely high levels of HDL cholesterol in serum. The patient is a 54-year-old man who was first noticed to have marked corneal opacities at age 19. His serum HDL cholesterol level was elevated to the level of 135-160 mg/dl, while total serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were 254 mg/dl and 56 mg/dl, respectively. Serum apoprotein A-I and E levels analyzed by single radial immunodiffusion method were elevated in the case. Serum lipoprotein fractions isolated by preparative ultracentrifugation revealed that increased levels of HDL cholesterol were accounted for solely by the HDL2 fraction. HDL2 of the patient contained relatively higher amounts of apoprotein E than normal control HDL2. Elution profiles of lipoproteins in high performance liquid chromatography revealed that HDL2 particles from the patient were larger in size than those from normal controls. These characteristics of HDL are in part similar to those of HDLC which appears in experimental animals after cholesterol feeding. Such abnormalities in HDL2 fractions associated with premature corneal opacity have not been reported so far and appear to constitute a new disease entity.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1984

[A hyperthermic perfusion therapy using peplomycin and ethanol for bladder cancer].

Distilled water containing 40 micrograms/ml peplomycin and 2% ethanol was used as a perfusate in 8 patients with superficial bladder tumors and 2 with deep bladder tumors for 2 hours at 43 degrees C. In addition, immediately before the perfusion treatment, 5 mg of peplomycin was injected intramuscularly. Prior to treatment, the nature and extent of the tumors were determined by ultrasonography, cystoscopy and cystography. The therapeutic effect of the hyperthermic perfusion was evaluated by the same manner as used previously. Partial tumor regression was obtained in 6 of the 8 patients with superficial bladder tumors. The 2 patients with deep bladder tumors showed no tumor regression. Most of the patients had bladder discomfort such as irritation, pollakisuria and so on, during and/or after perfusion. No patient developed acute pyelonephritis.

Aged↗