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Biomedical subjects

K Kamada

Publications and source records attributed to K Kamada.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Acute aggravation of subdural effusion associated with pachymeningitis carcinomatosa: case report.

The authors present a case of acute aggravation of subdural effusion associated with pachymeningitis carcinomatosa. Microscopic examination of a surgical specimen revealed diffuse involvement of the dura mater by a metastatic adenocarcinoma in which the tumor cells invaded venules located in the areolar layer in particular. The rapid increase in capillary transmural pressure resulted in extravasation of plasma components, causing an increase in subdural effusion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

The effect of prostaglandin E1 on local cerebral blood flow during cerebral-aneurysm clip ligation.

Prostaglandin E1(PGE1) was administered for deliberate hypotension during general anaesthesia in 27 patients undergoing cerebral-aneurysm clip ligation, and the effect of the drug on local cerebral blood flow was studied. Local cerebral blood flow measurements were made using a thermal-gradient blood flowmeter. Control measurements were made immediately before administration of the drug. Local cerebral blood flow was measured 10, 30, 60 and 120 min after starting the drug infusion and 10, 30 and 60 min after discontinuation. The mean blood pressure was reduced significantly by the administration of PGE1. Urine output was increased after commencement of the drug infusion. Local cerebral blood flow did not change. These results suggest that PGE1 may be an appropriate hypotensive drug for use during cerebral-aneurysm clip ligation, because the cerebral blood flow remains within the normal range and the urine output is increased.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1990

A new multilayered composite hollow fiber membrane for artificial lung.

The gas transfer performances in a gas/membrane/liquid system were investigated in detail with various membranes. It was found that the oxygen flux in the gas/membrane/liquid system was saturated when the oxygen flux (Fg-g) in the gas/membrane/gas system became more than 1.0 x 10(-5) cm3 (STP) cm-2s-1cm Hg-1 (Fcg-g). This was explained as follows: The resistance of a boundary layer at liquid phase is dominant, i.e., the membrane resistance is negligible in the region of Fg-g which is greater than Fcg-g. Consequently, Fg-g of the membrane should be designed to be greater than Fcg-g, in order to satisfy the gas transfer performance required for blood oxygenation. On the basis of the results above, we have developed a new three-layered composite hollow fiber membrane (MHF) consisting of an ultrathin polyurethane layer supported between two microporous polyethylene layers to prevent serum leakage. It was shown through the evaluation in vitro that MHF had good gas transfer performances for long-term perfusion, and no serum leakage was observed. These characteristics suggest that MHF is quite suitable for long-term usage such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Artificial Organs↗
PubMed1990

[Dentofacial manifestations in children with vitamin D-dependent Rickets type II].

Calcification of the teeth, size of the teeth and dental arches, facial growth and calcification of the carpal bones were studied in three children with clinically different severities of vitamin D-dependent rickets (DDR), type II, with alopecia, which is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-receptor-defect rickets and is particularly resistant to treatment with calciferol analogues. They were treated in a pediatric clinic with large doses of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3(1 alpha-(OH)D3) and 2 g/day of calcium lactate. The results were as follows: 1. Hypoplasia of enamel of the deciduous teeth was not found. 2. In the deciduous teeth, large pulp chambers and thin dentin were seen in radiographs before treatment. In patients 1 and 2, these abnormalities were reversed by treatment. In patient 3, who had the severest manifestations, large pulp chambers and thin dentin decreased but still remained. 3. Growth of permanent teeth was retarded before treatment and during resistance to treatment. After effective medication, it caught up and was corrected. 4. Problems concerning maxillary and mandibular growth were not found. However Nasions of three patients were more front and lower and Orbitals were lower than standard. 5. In patients 1 and 2, the calcification of carpal bones was accelerated and in patient 3 retarded. 6. Mesiodistal dimensions of erupted deciduous and permanent teeth were within the standard range, except for patient 3, who had smaller lower deciduous teeth. 7. A ground section of the extracted upper right first deciduous molar from patient 3 showed abundant inter-globular dentin and lack of pre-dentinal layer. From the above findings, it was felt that in all probability dentinogenesis was disturbed by the DDR type II. Abnormally large pulp chambers and thin dentin could be corrected by effective medication. In patients with vitamin D-dependent rickets type II, oral hygiene for caries prevention is the most important procedure, because the pulp will be infected immediately after initiation of dental caries. After effective medication, permanent teeth and jaw bones will probably grow normally.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1990

[Hypoplasia of tooth in children with inborn errors of metabolism].

For the investigation of the clinical dental manifestations of inborn errors of metabolism, the oral examination of twenty one children aged from 5 months to 15 years 5 months was performed at the pediatric clinic of inborn errors of metabolism. The results were as follows: 1. In six of seven histidinemia patients, white spots, pit or hypoplasia of enamel, fused teeth, peg teeth or abnormal tubercles were observed. 2. In a patient with GM1-gangliosidosis, the upper and lower central incisors had severe white spots. 3. In one patient with osteopetrosis, one of two glycogenosis type IX and one of two homocystinuria patients, white spots or hypoplasia of enamel were observed. 4. One patient with hypophosphatemic vitamin D-resistant ricket, one with vitamin D-dependent ricket type II and one with galactosemia patient had no enamel hypoplasia. It was strongly suggested that there is a specific relationship of histidinemia and GM1-gangliosidosis to dental manifestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on the cooperation-enhancing approach in dealing with children in the dental setting. 4. Relationship between adaptability to dental treatment and behavioral and emotional reactions before and during treatment].

The correlation between the behavioral and emotional reactions before dental treatment and the adaptability to dental treatment was evaluated in 84 three-to-six-year old children. Also the physical behavior of the children, the verbal reaction of the children and the speaking of dentists to the children during treatment were investigated among 13 cooperative and 13 uncooperative three-to-six-year old children. Dental treatment was conducted with tooth brushing, surface anesthesia, infiltration anesthesia, rubber dam application, cavity preparation with air turbine, cavity preparation with electric motor and composite resin filling. The results are summarized as follows: 1. There was a significant correlation between twelve of the twenty behavioral and emotional reactions before treatment and the adaptability to dental treatment. 2. The children who showed an uncooperative behavior to dental treatment showed a higher score of physical behavior during each treatment than the children who showed a cooperative behavior to dental treatment. 3. The score of physical behavior increased as the treatment progressed from tooth brushing to infiltration anesthesia. Among the children who showed cooperative behavior, the score showed a peak at the infiltration of anesthesia and then decreased. On the other hand, the children who showed uncooperative behavior continued showing a high score. 4. The uncooperative children showed a higher frequency of verbal reaction and crying than the cooperative children. 5. The frequency of speaking of the dentist to the uncooperative children was one and a half times as much as to the cooperative children. More than sixty percent were "instructions" and "explanations" to both of the cooperative and uncooperative children. "Praise" was used more to the cooperative children, and "count 10" and "encourage" were used more to the uncooperative children.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Dissecting aneurysm of the vertebral artery as a cause of Wallenberg's syndrome].

Although it is well known that Wallenberg's syndrome is caused by occlusion of the vertebral artery (VA) or the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), the etiology of the occlusion is rarely documented. During the course of Wallenberg's syndrome, patients often complain of headache. We thought that these headaches might be caused by dissecting aneurysm (DA) of the vertebral artery, and so we studied the incidence of DA in our cases with Wallenberg's syndrome. Although many variants exist, Wallenberg's syndrome encompasses several neurological symptoms due to a disorder of the nucleus and nerve tracts located in the lateral part of the medulla. We diagnosed our patients as having Wallenberg's syndrome on the basis of symptoms such as loss of pain and temperature sensation in the unilateral face and contralateral body, cerebellar ataxia, and dysphasia. We investigated 22 cases of Wallenberg's syndrome over a five-year period, and excluded patients who developed subarachnoid hemorrhage upon onset of the syndrome. Our cases can be divided into two groups; one with severe stenosis or occlusion of VA (n = 15) and the other with occlusion of PICA (n = 5). The angiograms of the two remaining patients showed no abnormal findings. The mean age of the VA group (42.5 yrs.) was younger than that of the PICA group (64.2 yrs.). The age distribution of the PICA group is similar to that of other occlusive cerebrovascular diseases. Seven cases of the VA group demonstrated aneurysmal dilatation and luminal stenosis, and so they were diagnosed as having dissecting aneurysm of VA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Results of combined therapy of irradiation and intra-arterial one-shot injection of cisplatin for head and neck cancers].

Thirty-six previously untreated cases of head and neck cancer were given a combined therapy of irradiation and intra-arterial, one-shot injection of Cisplatin. As a result, the primary lesions in 35 cases were seen to achieve a 66% complete remission (CR) and a 100% overall response (OR). The lymph metastases in twenty-one cases with positive node achieved a 62% CR and a 100% OR. Good, local control of supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancers were found to be an advantageous factor considered from the standpoint of the "quality of life". The cumulative survival rate, using Kaplan-Meier's method, was 82% for the first year, and 62% for the second year. No severe side effects were observed.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1989

Intracranial extradural pressure monitoring after direct operation on ruptured cerebral aneurysms.

Intracranial extradural pressure (ICP) was monitored by using a miniaturized transducer for an average period of 8 days after direct operation in 55 patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Acute stage operation and drainage of cerebrospinal fluid were simultaneously performed in most of the patients. In many grade I patients with satisfactory cisternal drainage, ICP was monotonously stable, with faint pressure waves. When the drained fluid volume decreased or drainage was removed, however, ICP was elevated moderately, with associated pressure waves present. There were no A-waves observed in any of the patients. Decreases of mean ICP and disappearance of pressure waves were found 2 to 3 hours after infusion of 200 or 300 ml of 10% glycerol or 20% mannitol in patients without drainage or with an inadequate drain, but were not found in patients with a good drain. In a patient showing diffuse severe vasospasm, a rapid elevation of ICP caused by marked brain edema was observed. In patients with residual aneurysms or incompletely clipped aneurysms, ICP increased immediately after rupture of these aneurysms. The daily mean ICP was higher in patients with a clinically poor condition and/or severe subarachnoid hemorrhage on admission than in those with a good condition and/or mild subarachnoid hemorrhage, in spite of a functional drain. There was a poor outcome in about half of the patients showing maximum daily mean ICP greater than 30 mm Hg or frequent B-waves. No complications caused by ICP monitoring were found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of hepatoma with a giant splenic aneurysm both treated by TAE therapy].

A case of a 49-year-old woman who was found to have a giant splenic aneurysm during the course of TAE therapy for hepatoma and who was given TAE therapy using 47 steel coils is reported. The splenic arterial embolization therapy using steel coils proved effective for preventing the rupture of an aneurysm and for inhibiting hypersplenism. In addition, no serious adverse effect was observed.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1989

[Dentigerous cysts of children treated by cyst wall enucleation. Report of eleven cases].

The present paper describes ten children with eleven cases of dentigerous cysts which were treated by extraction of the primary teeth, cyst wall enucleation and lingual-arch spacemaintainer. The patients were seven boys and three girls, with a mean age of nine years two months, in Hellman's Dental Age IIIA and IIIB. In eight of the cases, the mandibular second premolar was involved, and of the remainder, two cases involved the first premolar, and one case, a maxillary lateral incisor. In eight out of the eleven cases, the pulp of the primary tooth had been treated. Radiographically, nine cases exhibited a pericoronal space of 15 mm-35 mm and two cases 50 mm-55 mm. The material for histological examination, typically, gave the appearance of a stratified squamous epithelium showing chronic inflammation. Healing took place more rapidly than routine marsupialization. In eight cases the successor erupted in the normal position without orthodontic treatment, in two cases with light orthodontic power. In one case the behavior of the permanent tooth was kept under observation. From the above, this approach to treatment by cyst wall enucleation and lingual-arch spacemaintainer would appear to be very useful for the young child.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Somatosensory evoked potentials over the unaffected hemisphere in patients with unilateral intracerebral hematoma].

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) recorded from the unaffected hemispheres were studied in patients of less than one month after the onset of unilateral intracerebral hematoma. We examined 66 SEPs obtained from 49 patients with putaminal hemorrhage (midline shift 0-15 mm), 38 SEPs from 25 patients with thalamic hemorrhage (midline shift 0-8 mm), and 14 SEPs from 10 patients with subcortical hemorrhage (midline shift 0-12 mm). These examinations were made after electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist by using square waves of 0.2 msec in duration delivered at a rate of 3 Hz. We analyzed the first cortical potential N 20 recorded from the contralateral scalp over the unaffected hemisphere with reference on Fpz. N 20 peak latency was compared with the maximum shift of the midline structure such as in foramen of Monro or third ventricle in computed tomogram. Also with the site of the hematoma and the disturbance of consciousness. N 20 peak latency was not correlated with the degree of the midline shift in all the patients. There was abnormal prolongation of N 20 peak latency in one SEP of one patient, and disappearance of N 20 in two SEPs of two patients with putaminal hemorrhage. Abnormal prolongation of N 20 peak latency was found in 3 SEPs of 3 patients with thalamic hemorrhage. There was no disappearance of N 20 in patients with thalamic hemorrhage. There was no abnormal prolongation or disappearance of N 20 peak latency in patients with subcortical hemorrhage. In two of five patients showing stuporous state, disappearance of N 20 was found.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[An autopsy case of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery with multiple cerebral aneurysms].

An autopsy case of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) with multiple cerebral aneurysms is reported. A 54-year-old man with subarachnoid hemorrhage was admitted to Kuwana Hospital three days after the onset. The patient was stuporous and had stiffness of the neck. A computed tomogram showed hematoma in the interhemispheric fissure, subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cisterns and bilateral Sylvian fissures, and maxked dilatation of ventricles. Cerebral angiogram revealed the left PPHA and multiple aneurysms at the right anterior cerebral artery (A 2) (ruptured), anterior communicating artery, left anterior cerebral artery (A 1), left internal carotid-anterior choroidal artery junction, right internal carotid artery (C 1), and right middle cerebral artery. Neck clipping of the ruptured aneurysm and ventricular drainage were performed on the day of admission. Eight days after admission he died of rupture of the residual aneurysm. In pathological study, the PPHA was originated from the extracranial portion of the left internal carotid artery, 2 cm distal from the cervical carotid bifurcation, entered the intracranial space through the hypoglossal foramen, and turned into the basilar artery. There were six aneurysms which were shown on cerebral angiogram and another aneurysm on the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Microscopic examination revealed atherosclerotic change of the PPHA, true aneurysmal changes of the seven aneurysms and defect of tunica media (Forbus' medial gap) at all of the arterial bifurcations without early aneurysmal changes.

Arterio-Arterial Fistula↗