Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Jonderko.
In 15 obese subjects (11 women and 4 men) the effect was assessed of yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenolytic drug on gastric emptying after solid food. After oral administration of 15 mg of the drug no significant change was observed in this emptying in relation to placebo.
In a double-blind placebo-controlled study the effect of glucagon on gastric emptying, as well as on serum concentrations of gastrin, insulin, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus after ingestion of a mixed solid-liquid meal was examined in nine normal males. An i.v. bolus of 0.5 mg of crystalline glucagon was followed by 1.5 mg infused at a constant rate over 90 minutes. The gastric emptying of a radiolabelled meal was measured with the use of a gamma camera. Glucagon evoked a marked delay in gastric emptying in all patients studied--the emptying index, Ix: 2.065 +/- 0.211 min-1 after placebo vs 0.358 +/- 0.090 min-1 after glucagon, p less than 0.01. The postprandial gastrin release was suppressed during the first 60 minutes of glucagon infusion and occurrence of the postprandial increment in the serum gastrin concentration was delayed. The integrated gastrin response did not, however, significantly change: the area under the gastrin curve, AUC0-90, 8733 +/- 1502 min.ng.l-1 after placebo vs 7434 +/- 1372 min.ng.l-1 after glucagon. A promotion of insulin release by glucagon was reflected by a significant increase in the area under the insulin curve, AUC0-90: 1842 +/- 153 min.mU.l-1 after placebo vs 3388 +/- 567 min.mU.l-1 after glucagon, p less than 0.02. Moreover, a sooner and significantly higher increase of the serum glucose level was observed during glucagon infusion when compared to the placebo situation. Glucagon did not significantly change the serum calcium level, whereas the serum phosphorus concentration was markedly lowered throughout glucagon infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gastric emptying of a radiolabelled solid meal was studied in 19 women. The gastric emptying curves were analyzed with the use of a power-exponential fitting, and the results were related to the phases of the menstrual cycle. No significant differences between the phases of the menstrual cycle were found when the rates of gastric emptying were compared. However, different emptying patterns in each phase of menstrual cycle were revealed by the analysis of the curve shape parameter, S. The physiological and clinical relevance of the findings is discussed.
The effect of somatostatin-14 on gastric emptying, as well as on serum concentrations of gastrin, insulin, glucose, calcium, and phosphorus after ingestion of a mixed solid-liquid meal was examined in seven healthy men in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. An i.v. bolus injection of 61 nmol somatostatin was followed by 244 nmol infused at a constant rate over 90 minutes. Gastric emptying of a radiolabelled meal was surveyed with the use of a gamma camera. A weak delaying effect of somatostatin on gastric emptying of a solid meal did not prove to be statistically significant. Somatostatin decreased significantly the postprandial gastrin release: the area under the gastrin curve, AUC0-90, 9954 +/- 2287 ng.l-1 min (placebo) vs 5327 +/- 718 ng.l-1 min (somatostatin), p less than 0.05. At the same time suppression of the postprandial insulin release by somatostatin was observed--area under the insulin curve, AUC0-90, 1450 +/- 161 mU.l-1 min (placebo) vs 501 +/- 60 mU.l-1 min (somatostatin), p less than 0.002. The postprandial increase in serum glucose concentration was initially attenuated, and shifted towards the end of somatostatin infusion, when referred to the placebo situation. Somatostatin did not change significantly the serum calcium or phosphorus concentrations. The results obtained indicate that somatostatin's effect on gastric evacuation is less pronounced in contrast to the significant inhibitory influence of somatostatin on release of gastrointestinal hormones.
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