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Biomedical subjects

K J McCormick

Publications and source records attributed to K J McCormick.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Antinuclear antibodies and elevated anti-Epstein-Barr virus titers in cancer patients.

One and one-half percent of human sera from patients seen at a clinic for treatment of cancer contained antibodies to the nuclei of chick kidney cells by indirect immunofluorescence tests. In the group of sera containing antinuclear antibodies, the geometric mean titer to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) capsid antigen was significantly elevated. Sera obtained from normal adults or from patients with similar histological types of tumors that possessed no antinuclear antibodies contained lower levels of anti-EBV antibodies. The elevated titers to EBV were correlated with the presence or absence of antinuclear antibodies and not with a particular type or site of neoplastic disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

In vitro transformation of rodent cells by simian adenovirus 7 and bovine adenovirus type 3 (strain WBR-1).

Hamster, rat, and mouse embryo cells were quantitatively transformed by simian adenovirus 7 with maximum efficiencies of 2.1 X 10(5), and 2.5 X 10(5) plaque-forming unit/focus-forming unit, respectively. Bovine adenovirus type 3 did not transform rat or mouse embryo cells, but transformed hamster embryo cells with a maximum efficiency of 3.4 X 10(4) plaque-forming unit/focus-forming unit. All of the transformed cells were tumorigenic in appropriate hosts and possessed viral-specific T-antigen.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Oxime derivatives of erythromycin: inhibitors of Rous sarcoma virus reverse transcriptase activity and focus formation.

Bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAV-3), strain WBR-1, quantitatively transforms hamster embryo carcass cells with a maximum efficiency of 4-7 X 10-4 p.f.u./focus-forming units (f.f.u). This frequency is signigicantly inhibited by the presence of 1-8 mM of Ca++. The transformed cells are highly tumourigenic in hamsters and possess T- and tumour-specific transplantation antigens. BAV-3 is one of the most oncogenic of the adenoviruses and an ideal model virus for the study of transformation.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Detection and serological identification of adeno-associated virus in avian adenovirus stocks.

Eleven avian adenovirus strains were tested for the presence of avian adeno-associated viruses (AAAV). Six strains contained AAAV. Electron microscopy using rabbit anti-AAAV serum was useful in detecting the satellite virus. The AAAV previously isolated from guail bronchitis virus was related to each of the six new isolates by immunoagglutination, complement fixation, immunodiffusion, and neutralization tests.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Transplatation resistance to adenovirus-induced hepatocellular carcinomas.

Two transplantable hepatic carcinomas of the hamster contained CELO virus-induced TSTA, confirming the etiological role of this avian adenovirus in the induction of hepatic tumors. Transplantation resistnace could not be induced with oncogenic adenoviruses of human, simian, or canine origin.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Potentiation of hamster tumors by normal cells or charcoal.

Admixed spleen cells from normal animals or from animals given injections of Syrian hamster type C virus significantly potentiated the growth of the transplanted D9 lymphoma of random-bred hamsters. Potentiation was measured by an increase in incidence of tumors, a shortened latent period, and a decreased 50% tumor-producing dose of tumor cells. Intermediate doses of spleen cells (10 to 100 spleen cells per tumor cell) produced the greatest potentiation. Preincubation of admixed spleen and tumor cell suspensions in vitro was unnecessary. Immunization to isoantigens was not responsible for potentiation, since growth of a transplantable carcinoma of inbred hamsters was also facilitated by normal spleen cells. In addition, normal kidney or liver cells increased the incidence of tumors transplanted by a small number of tumor cells. Potentiation did not occur when spleen cells were injected at a site remote from the tumor cells. Since the potentiating cells might act eigher as a physical barrier to host response, or by blocking normal macrophage function, we injected charcoal with tumor cells. Simultaneous treatment with charcoal facilitated the growth of the lymphoma but not that of the carcinoma. Treatment with some doses of charcoal was also effective at distant sites. Although potentiation of tumor growth by cells or charcoal may operate through different mechanisms, these phenomena should be explored in regard to outgrowth of primary tumors, tumor immunity, or enhancement of tumor growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

RNA type C virus antigens in hamster cells transformed by carcinogenic DNA viruses and chemicals.

The passive hemagglutination inhibition technique was used to test serologically for the presence of Syrian hamster type C virus antigen(s) (SHCVA) in a wide variety of normal and transformed hamster cells and tissues. SHCVA could not be detected in normal tissues or nonneoplastic tissues of tumor-bearing Syrian hamsters. Normal hamster embryo cells or cells transformed in vitro by simian adenovirus, by chemical alone, or doubly transformed by simian adenovirus and chemical did not contain SHCVA; however, SHCVA was found in a majority of tumors resulting from transplantation of these in vitro-transformed cells. No consistent pattern was observed in the capacity of individual transformed cell lines to produce SHCVA-positive or -negative tumors. When cells of a given transformed line were inoculated at 4 sites on each of 8 hamsters, SHCVA-positive tumors were found not to be randomly distributed but rather to be clustered on a few animals. SHCVA could be detected in only a few primary tumors induced by inoculation of carcinogenic DNA viruses; however, both the incidence and titer of SHCVA were significantly increased in a variety of transplanted tumors. These data suggest that SHCVA may be introduced into transplanted, transformed hamster cell tumors during passage in the host animal. Alternatively, in vivo conditions may allow expression of viral antigens not found under in vitro conditions; however, if this is true, only certain animals appear to be capable of activating SHCVA.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Tumor-specific transplantation antigen(s) of bovine adenoviruses.

Protection against bovine adenovirus type 3-induced primary or transplantable tumors was studied in hamsters immunized with bovine adenoviruses, human adenovirus type 12 (A-12), simian adenovirus type 7 (SA7), or chicken-embryo-lethal-orphan (CELO) virus. Newborn hamsters inoculated with 2.3 times 10-5 plaqueforming units of bovine adenovirus type 3 were given injections of bovine serotypes 1, 2, or 3 during the latent period of tumor development. No hamsters immunized with type 3 and only 47% of those inoculated with types 1 or 2 developed tumors as compared to a control incidence of 90%. Primary tumors were not prevented when hamsters inoculated at birth with bovine adenovirus type 3 were immunized during the latent period with A-12, SA7, or CELO, even though 10-100 times more infectious virus was used. When adult hamsters were given injections of the bovine adenoviruses on 3 successive weeks and then challenged with graded doses of tumor cells, the three serotypes produced a 20-fold to 200-fold increase in the 50% tumor-producing dose of tumor cells. These studies indicate that bovine adenoviruses types 1, 2, and 3 induce cross-reactive transplantation antigens which, however, do not cross-react with those induced by oncogenic adenoviruses of either avian, simian, or human origin.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1973

Microtechnique for indirect immunofluorescence.

A microtechnique for staining preparations of cells grown in vitro for indirect immunofluorescence tests is described. Smaller amounts of materials, as well as less handling of cover slips, greatly facilitates the process.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1973

Isolation and characterization of an Avian adenovirus-associated virus.

An 18- to 20-nm virus particle was isolated from the Olson strain of quail bronchitis, an avian adenovirus. On density gradient separation the small virions were primarily found at densities of 1.39 and 1.42 g/cm(3). The majority of the infectious particles were at the heavier density. The virus had a hexagonal outline and contained single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid. It was resistant to heating at 56 C for more than an hour and was not inactivated by treatment with chloroform or low pH. Purified virus did not agglutinate erythrocytes of various avian and mammalian species. Replication of the small particles occurred either in chicken embryos or in cultures of embryo kidney cells coinfected with an adenovirus helper. Antigenically the virus was distinct from the adeno-associated viruses types 1, 2, 3, and 4. The virus is the avian equivalent of the adeno-associated viruses of primates and lower animals.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1972

Complement-fixing antigens in lymphoid cell lines of American origin.

Lymphoid cell lines from Americans with infectious mononucleosis (Choate, EH IV, and OP), and from a normal American (Cassio), were tested for presence of herpes-like virus by electron microscopy (EM) and immunofluorescence (IF), and for complement-fixing (CF) antigens, using both American and African sera. Whereas earlier tests of seven African (Burkitt) lymphoma cell lines showed an absolute correlation between presence of herpes-like virus and CF reactivity with either African or American sera, the same was not true of the American cell lines. Herpes-like particles were found in the Cassio line by both EM and IF, and in a few cells of the OP line by IF, but not by EM. The virus was not found in the Choate or EH IV lines by either EM or IF. African sera from either normal individuals or patients with Burkitt lymphoma contained CF antibodies to extracts of Cassio and OP cells. Normal American sera contained CF antibodies to these extracts as well as to extracts of Choate cells. The EH IV cell line did not produce CF antigens detectable with either African or American sera. The data indicate that the CF antigens of the herpes virus-negative Choate cell line were serologically distinct from those in Burkitt lines. However, it is possible that the antigens from both sources are related to the presence of the genome of the herpes-like virus.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1971

Complement-fixing antigens in Burkitt lymphoma cell lines.

The complement-fixing (CF) activity of antigens from cultured Burkitt lymphoma cells was determined by using normal American sera as the source of antibody. Approximately 75% of the sera fixed complement with the positive cell lines. These lines contained the herpes-like virus detectable by electron microscopy. The content of CF antigen depended on the cell line used but appeared to be independent of the number of cells which produced Henle's immunofluorescence (IF) antigen. Only sera that reacted in the IF test also contained CF antibodies to the crude cell extracts.

Adult↗