Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Ishimoto

Publications and source records attributed to K Ishimoto.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of patients with chronic benign granulocytopenia and congenital agranulocytosis (Kostmann's syndrome).

Seven patients with chronic benign granulocytopenia and nine patients with congenital agranulocytosis, received consecutive seven-day courses of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor at a starting dose of 50 micrograms/m2/day, subcutaneously. If there was no response the doses were increased to 300 micrograms/m2. All patients with chronic benign granulocytopenia responded rapidly at the minimum dose within 1-3 days after administration. By contrast, only three of the nine patients with congenital agranulocytosis responded within 1-7 days at this dose. Four patients with congenital agranulocytosis showed a response between days 7-19 at a dose of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor 100-200 micrograms/m2 but in the remaining two cases no response was obtained. The administration of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor was shown to be safe and effective also in reducing infectious episodes in these patients. Previously it was reported that granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor 10-30 micrograms/kg/day was effective for patients with congenital agranulocytosis. These results indicate that patients with congenital agranulocytosis may require much higher doses of recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor than patients with chronic benign granulocytopenia and that the response to ordinary doses of recombinant human granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor may be useful in differentiating between chronic benign granulocytopenia and congenital agranulocytosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A case of neuro-Behçet's disease with hemorrhagic brain stem lesion detected by MRI].

A 45-year-old woman complained of fever, arthralgia and left hemiparesis. She had suffered from recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis and erythema nodosum. Laboratory examination demonstrated pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid. MRI showed foci of high signal intensity on the T2-weighted images in the right pontine base, surrounded by a rim of low signal intensity suggestive of small hemorrhages. Following steroid therapy, these symptoms diminished and abnormal findings in brain MRI improved. This MRI findings may be due to hemosiderin deposition at recent stage resulting hemorrhages in foci of acute inflammation stage. We would like to emphasize that MRI are useful to evaluate the lesion of neuro-Behçet's disease and some lesions may behave like hemorrhages.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Why are natural plant medicinal products effective in some patients and not in others with the same disease?

We had previously found that the clinical efficacy of natural medicinal products was significantly enhanced by pretreatments of the natural compounds with far infrared radiation heating and brewing that effected degradation of high molecular polymers to yield free forms of low molecular monomers with anti-oxidant activity. The gastric samples from the patients were incubated with untreated or treated natural products, and the resulting materials assayed in vitro for the capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). The gastric fluid of patients who had responded to the untreated natural products showed a significantly greater scavenging ability than did the patients who had not responded to these agents. Similarly, the gastric fluid of patients who responded only to the treated, commercial products also showed a slightly greater scavenging ability than did those who failed to respond to any agent, treated or untreated. Acid and pepsin contents were demonstrated in largest amounts in the gastric juice from the patients who had responded well to the untreated natural medicines. Furthermore, the materials incubated with gastric fluid from the responding patients produced an increase in the free forms of alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and flavoprotein as compared with the fluids of nonresponding patients. These findings suggest that one of the factors determining the clinical response to natural herbal medicinal products is the ability of the patient's digestive system to degrade the product to liberate bioactive low molecular compounds from repeating polymers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Successful treatment of metastatic and refractory osteosarcoma by ifosfamide, carboplatin and vindesine: case report].

A 13-year-old boy with unresectable pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma, which was refractory to high dose methotrexate, adriamycin, cisplatin and combination of bleomycin, cyclophosphamide and actinomycin D, was treated by aggressive chemotherapy including the combination of ifosfamide (1 g/m2 x day 1-4), Carboplatin (100 mg/m2 x day 1-4) and Vindesine (4 mg/m2 x day 1). After 5 courses of the treatment, pulmonary metastasis regressed, respiratory symptoms resolved completely, and in this regimen no severe toxicity was observed. Thoracotomy for pulmonary metastatic osteosarcoma is an accepted treatment, but treatment for patients with unresectable disease has not been established. It is suggested that this regimen is relatively safe and very effective for refractory and unresectable osteosarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Factors relating to postoperative infections in cancer patients].

Some factors relating to the increasing prevalence of postoperative infections after gastroenterological surgery were investigated from the standpoint of both patients profile and isolated bacteria. Data were collected from 542 cancer patients comprising 39 with esophagus cancer, 229 with gastric cancer, 149 with hepato-biliary tract and pancreatic cancer and 125 with colon cancer. Respiratory infections after operations were most frequently caused by aging, disturbance of glucose tolerance and respiratory dysfunction, whereas with intraabdominal abscess the major factors were disturbance of glucose tolerance, hepatic dysfunction and respiratory dysfunction in this order. Two factors in the management of patients during operation were singled out as mainly contributing to infection: these were prolonged operative time as in the case of esophagus cancer or hepato-biliary tract and pancreatic cancer, and massive intraoperative bleeding as in hepato-biliary tract, pancreatic and gastric cancer. As isolated bacteria, the most frequent clinical isolates were MRSA, Enterococcus, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacter, and it is noteworthy that all of these were strongly resistant to all antimicrobial agents. The greater emphasis on prevention control of postoperative infections, therefore, should be focussed on aging, preoperative risk factors, surgical stress and the kinds of antimicrobial agents administered.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1990

Induction of superoxide dismutase in leukocytes by paraquat: correlation with age and possible predictor of longevity.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to play a role in the aging process as well as in a number of human diseases states. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an enzyme that scavenges the superoxide anion (O2-) is constitutively expressed in leukocytes and other tissues. When assayed in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL), constitutive SOD activity shows little variation among individuals of different ages. We have found that significant induction of SOD activity occurs in PBL incubated in vitro with paraquat, an agent known to cause intracellular O2- production. This induction was found to be highly age dependent; lymphocytes from 36 healthy subjects aged 20 to 40 years showed an increase of 85% +/- 10%, versus an increase of only 8% +/- 1% for lymphocytes from 30 healthy subjects aged 65 to 79 years (P less than 10(-4)). Forty subjects, aged 67 to 73 years, who were healthy at the time of assay of leukocyte SOD induction were followed up 5 years later. Nineteen of these subjects had died; all 19 had shown SOD induction of less than 10% (range, 0% to 7%; mean, 2.4%). In contrast, of the 21 survivors (range, 2.5% to 50%; mean, 21%), 12 had shown SOD induction greater than 10%, and 7 had shown SOD induction greater than or equal to 35% (P less than 10(-3)). Thirteen of the 19 deaths were attributable to malignancy or cerebrocardiovascular disease. Preservation of leukocyte SOD inducibility appears to correlate with longevity in elderly individuals and may be of value in predicting resistance to malignancy or fetal cardiovascular events.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Problems of mass screening for neuroblastoma: analysis of false-negative cases.

The Japanese mass screening (MS) system for neuroblastoma at 6 months of age has resulted in the earlier diagnosis of the tumor with excellent therapeutic results. However, some problems are involved in the present MS system. We present six false-negative cases, ages ranging from 1 year 11 months to 3 years 11 months. Neuroblastoma cell taken from four of these patients were studied biologically. These patients had advanced disease (one was stage III; five were stage IV). Three of the patients have died and one is terminally ill despite undergoing surgery combined with intensive chemotherapy. Cytogenetic analysis performed in three cases showed that all the cases had diploid chromosome mode associated with 1P-, double minutes (DMs), or marker chromosomes. N-myc oncogene analysis, performed in four cases, showed amplification in two; one patient had diploid chromosomes, but the other was not examined cytogenetically. These findings were strikingly different biologically from those of cases found by MS. The majority of neuroblastomas detected by MS were found to be triploid tumors without N-myc amplification. These findings suggest that the main reason for the false-negative results in the patients we examined is that they were tumor-free or the tumors were so small in size that they were unable to produce urinary vanillylmandelic acid and or homovanillic acid levels high enough to be detected at the time of MS. Therefore, we conclude that MS at 6 months of age is too early to detect neuroblastoma with a diploid chromosome mode and/or amplified N-myc oncogene. We propose that MS at the age of 1 year 6 months would be more effective to pick up these cases, because treatment strategies depend on the different biological characteristics of tumor cells.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

The effect of piliation and exoproduct expression on the adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to respiratory epithelial monolayers.

The adherence properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains with known pilin DNA sequences were studied. A polar pilus clearly contributed to adherence, as 35S-labeled pilus-positive (Pil+) strains bound significantly more to bovine trachea epithelial monolayers than did pilus-negative (Pil-) mutants (P less than .05) and minimally more than hyperpiliated strains. A pil- mutant PAK/NP, constructed by gene replacement, demonstrated low levels of attachment (3.8% of the inoculum adherent compared with 7% for the wild-type strain PAK), suggesting that other adhesins are functional. The Pil-, flagellum-negative strain PAO1150.1 bound the least (0.3% of the inoculum adherent), confirming the importance of motility in the binding process. The pilin sequences of strains P1 and PA1244 were virtually identical, although P1 bound threefold more than did PA1244. P1 produced 10-fold more proteinase than did PA1244, and a proteinase-negative mutant of P1, isolated by transposon mutagenesis, had binding equivalent to that of PA1244. The adherence of PAO1 was increased 60% in the presence of bacterial supernatants from phosphate-limited cultures and correlated with phospholipase C activity in the supernatant. Thus, the expression of several Pseudomonas genes may be required to promote efficient binding to epithelial surfaces.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of the common acute lymphoblastic leukaemia antigen (CD10) as an activation molecule on mature human B cells.

Distinct expression pattern of CD10 molecules during B cell activation was analysed using in vivo and in vitro systems. By two-colour flowcytometrical analysis, CD10 was found to be expressed at a specific stage of in vivo activating B cells. The expression of CD10 during B cell activation appeared to be unique from that of other activation-related B cell antigens including L29, MA6, OKT9 and OKT10. Although the expression of CD10 was associated with that of the activation-related B cell antigens, CD10+ B cells could be separated in the distinct fractions to those expressing other activation-related B cell antigens when fractionated by cell gravity. In particular, certain CD10+ B cells were detected positive for the resting B cell antigen, L30. In vitro studies revealed that CD10+ B cells arose from CD10- B cells at an early step of B cell activation, and disappeared lately when activated by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I. Collectively, CD10 was an antigen transiently expressed at an early phase of B cell activation process. Expression of CD10 and other antigens on Burkitt's lymphomas (15 cases) was studied next. All cases were CD10+, and 87% (13 cases) were also L30+. In addition, six of CD10+ L30+ cases were L29+. This observation suggested that Burkitt's lymphomas were phenotypically similar to the B cells at an early phase of activation, those expressing CD10 and L30, simultaneously. The present study has dissected a precise expression pattern of CD10 on mature B cell activation in vitro and in vivo, and could be implicated for the histogenesis of one of the poorly characterized B cell lymphoma, namely Burkitt's lymphoma.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1989

[Antibiotic susceptibility and T-serotypes of group A hemolytic streptococci, clinically isolated in 1986 and 1987].

Determination of T-serotype for a total 245 strains (157 strains in 1986, 88 strains in 1987) of Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A hemolytic streptococci) isolated from clinical specimens (throat swab) of pediatric patients in Fukuoka Prefecture from 1986 until 1987 were performed. The susceptibilities of 9 antibiotics against 241 strains were studied. The most dominant strain was T-12 (57 strains, 36.3%) and followed by T-4 (32 strains, 20.4%) and T-28 (30 strains, 19.1%) in 1986. The total of these three strains was 75.8% of all strains. In 1987, T-4 (41 strains, 46.6%) was the dominant strain instead of T-12 (14 strains, 15.9%). T-28 was isolated only 4 strains (4.5%) in 1987, although it was isolated in 30 stains (19.1%) in 1986. In susceptibility-tests, no strains of 1986 and 1987 was resistant to beta-lactams. Resistant strains (MIC greater than or equal to 25 micrograms/ml) to erythromycin (EM), tetracycline (TC) and chloramphenicol (CP) were 4 (2.6%), 51 (33.3%) and 1 (0.7%), respectively in 1986. In 1987, resistant strains to EM and CP were not detected, to TC were 52 strains (59.1%), so there was an increase of susceptibility to EM and CP. As for relationship between T-serotype and antibiotic resistance, only one strain (T-12) showed multiple resistance in 1986, however in 1987, multiple resistant strain was not detected. In 1986 and 1987, 31 of 49 only TC resistant strains (63.3%) and 41 of 52 only TC resistant strains (78.8%) were T-4, respectively.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

Immunocytological and immunochemical analysis on the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA): evidence that CALLA on ALL cells and granulocytes are structurally related.

The common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen(CALLA) on acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) cells and granulocytes were compared by newly developed and other anti-CALLA monoclonal antibodies(anti-CALLA). New anti-CALLA(IF-3 through IF-7) were effectively selected by immunostaining on kidney sections. By competitive binding three antigenic determinants were separated on ALL cells by IF and other anti-CALLA. All three determinants existed on granulocytes although the reactivity of each anti-CALLA was variable. Such a variability was partly due to the heterogeneous terminal sialic acid compositions. Although CALLA from granulocytes and ALL cells differed in molecular weight they showed identical peptide mapping patterns. These results strongly suggest that CALLA on ALL cells and granulocytes are structurally related although they are different in posttransulational modification.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A case of Shwachman syndrome with increased spontaneous chromosome breakage.

In a patient with Shwachman syndrome, a high incidence of chromosome breakage was found. Chromosome studies done on three occasions on the patient's PHA-stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes showed elevated frequencies of spontaneous chromosome aberrations compared with those in normal individuals. The patient's lymphocytes did not show increased sensitivity to mitomycin C.

Bone Marrow Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Hypercalcaemia in cerebellar medulloblastoma: pathogenesis of solid tumour-associated hypercalcaemia.

A 7-year-old boy developed acute, severe hypercalcaemia following the partial excision of a cerebellar medulloblastoma. The serum calcium level was extremely high (19.8 mg/100 ml), but a skeletal survey revealed no apparent bone metastatic lesions; such lesions were only detected by X-ray 3 weeks after the onset of hypercalcaemia. Hypercalcaemia was promptly resolved by intravenous mithramycin administration, before which the serum parathyroid hormone level, 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D level and the nephrogenous cyclic AMP level were low. However, the relation between serum calcium levels and urinary calcium excretions indicated that renal calcium reabsorption was increased in association with hypercalcaemia, suggesting that a parathyroid hormone-like effect was operative on the renal tubules. It is possible that a combination of increased bone resorption by metastatic tumour cells and renal tubular handling of calcium presumably mediated by tumour-produced humoral factors was responsible for the acute development of severe hypercalcaemia in this patient with medulloblastoma.

Bone Neoplasms↗