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Biomedical subjects

K Ikuta

Publications and source records attributed to K Ikuta.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Serologically cross-reactive polypeptides in vaccinia, cowpox and Shope fibroma viruses.

An immunoprecipitation method coupled with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to identify the serologically cross-reactive polypeptides in Orthopoxvirus (vaccinia and cowpox viruses) and Leporipoxvirus (Shope fibroma virus). Two early and four late polypeptides in cells infected with vaccinia or cowpox virus were specifically immunoprecipitated with antiserum against Shope fibroma virus. Two early and two late polypeptides in cells infected with Shope fibroma virus cross-reacted with both antiserum against vaccinia virus and antiserum against cowpox virus. The possibility of the common polypeptides being related to nucleoprotein antigen in these cross-reactive polypeptides was discussed.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Comparative studies on Marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkey DNAs.

DNA of Marek's disease virus (MDV) was compared to that of herpes virus of turkey (HVT). Centrifugation of the two virus DNAs in neutral glycerol and CsCl density gradients showed that the MDV genome was slightly larger than that of HVT and that the buoyant density (1.705 g/ml) of MDV DNA in CsCl gradients was slightly lower than that (1.707 g/ml) of HVT DNA. MDV and HVT DNAs were digested with either EcoRI or HindIII restriction endonuclease and analysed by 0.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. The cleavage patterns of HindIII or EcoRI DNA digests of two strains of these two viruses showed general similarities between the strains, but not between MDV and HVT. However, a few fragments of EcoRI or HindIII digests of MDV DNA co-migrated with those of HVT DNA. DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics and DNA-RNA hybridization between the two viruses indicated that MDV and HVT DNAs share detectable homology, although it is less than 5%. The DNA of a HVT variant, which has lost the ability to protect chickens from Marek's disease, appeared similar to DNA of the vaccine strain in the size buoyant density and in its restriction endonuclease cleavage pattern.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Comparative studies on LS antigens induced by vaccinia and cowpox viruses.

The constituents of LS antigen from cells infected with vaccinia virus and with cowpox virus were compared by immunoprecipitation and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Antiserum to the LS antigen from cells infected with vaccinia virus reacted with at least five polypeptides in cells infected with either virus. Four of these polypeptides were similar sizes in cells infected with the two viruses. However, one major polypeptide with a mol. wt. of about 100 000 (100 K) detected in cells infected with vaccinia virus was not found in cells infected with cowpox virus. Conversely, a polypeptide with a mol. wt. of about 60 000 (60K) was detected only in cells infected with cowpox virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Studies on the reaction between pyridine nucleotides and mercury compounds in artificial intracellular and extracellular fluids.

The strong complex formations of pyridine nucleotides with mercury compounds were demonstrated in artificial intracellular fluid containing oxianions (HPO42-, HCO3-), while those in artificial extracellular fluid were considerably weaker. Dissociation constants (K) of the complexes of [MC.NADP], [MC.NADPH], [MC.NAD], [MC.NADH], [MC.adenine], and [MC.nicotinamide mononucleotide] were found to be 1.0 x 10(-4), 2.6 x 10(-5), 1.2 x 10(-4), 2.9 x 10(-5), 7.2 x 10(-6), and 3.8 x 10(-3), respectively in phosphate buffer (43 mM, pH 8.0).

Extracellular Space↗
PubMed1979

Marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkey noninfective to chickens, obtained by repeated in vitro passages.

The relation between the passage level of Marek's disease virus, C2 strain, and of herpesvirus of turkey (HVT), O1 strain, in cell culture and the level of the serological response of chickens to these viruses was examined. In both cases the immune response of chickens to these viruses decreased with increase in the number of in vitro passages of virus. Virus was not recovered from chickens inoculated with HVT highly passaged in vitro, which had become a high producer of cell-free virus in vitro, and grew equally well at 37 C and 41 C.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Demonstration of cells with Marek's disease tumor-associated surface antigen in chicks infected with herpesvirus of turkey, O1 strain.

The presence of Marek's disease tumor-associated surface antigen (MATSA) was demonstrated by the direct and indirect membrane immunofluorescent tests, in chicks inoculated 7-10 days earlier with herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT), O1 strain. In in vitro cultures of spleen lymphocytes and ovaries obtained from these chicks, MATSA-positive cells were also detected after 1-7 days cultivation. A possible mechanism of protection by HVT vaccine against Marek's disease is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from chickens inoculated with herpesvirus of turkey against a Marek's disease lymphoma cell line (MSB-1).

Using a new device which increases the sensitivity of detection of specific immune lysis of target cells by labeling them with [35S]-methionine, the in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxic response of spleen lymphocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes from chickens vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkey (HVT), O1 strain, against MSB-1 line cells was clearly demonstrated. The cytotoxic activity was clearly inhibited by pretreatment of effector lymphocytes with anti-T lymphocyte serum and complement. The activity was greater using T cells purified from spleen lymphocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes than with the unfractionated cells, indicating that T lymphocytes play the main role in effector activity. Using sera from HVG-vaccinated chickens, no significant cytotoxic effects were detected in the complement-dependent antibody cytotoxicity test against MSB-1 cells. These results suggest that cellular immunity against the surface antigen of Marek's disease (MD) lymphoma cells is mainly related to the preventive mechanism against MD incidence by HVT vaccination.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the polypeptides of poxvirus. I. Comparison of structural polypeptides in vaccina, cowpox and Shope fibroma viruses.

Radioactively labeled vaccinia, cowpox and Shope fibroma virions free from any detectable contamination with host cell protein, were dissociated into their constituent polypeptides, and these were then analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. The profiles of constituent polypeptide bands of four strains of vaccinia virus (IHD-W, IHD-J, Lister and DIs) were almost the same, except that a polypeptide of about 41,000 daltons was not detectable in the autoradiogram of strain IHD-W which has no hemagglutinin. The profile of polypeptide bands of cowpox virions was also almost the same as that of vaccinia virions, except for several polypeptides of about 40,000 to 50,000 daltons, but the profile of Shope fibroma virions differed considerably from that of vaccinia or cowpox virions.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1978

Studies on the polypeptides of poxvirus. II. Comparison of virus-induced polypeptides in cells infected with vaccinia, cowpox and Shope fibroma viruses.

Virus-induced polypeptides in cells infected with vaccinia, cowpox and Shope fibroma viruses were examined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by autoradiography. At least 42 vaccinia virus-induced polypeptides were identified among the polypeptides of cells pulse-labeled with [35S]-methionine and/or of fractionated cells labeled with [14C]-leucine for 24 hr. They consisted of 15 polypeptides (early polypeptides) which were synthesized even in the presence of cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-HCl, and 27 polypeptides (late polypeptides) which were synthesized only in the absence of cytosine-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-HCl. By the same procedure at least 40 cowpox virus-induced polypeptides (14 early polypeptides and 26 late polypeptides) and at least 31 Shope fibroma virus-induced polypeptides (13 early polypeptides and 18 late polypeptides) were identified. Comparative studies of virus-induced polypeptides on the basis of migration in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that 11 polypeptides were early polypeptides common to both vaccinia and cowpox viruses; 21 were late polypeptides common to both vaccinia and cowpox viruses; 4 were early polypeptides common to both vaccinia and Shope fibroma viruses; 7 were late polypeptides common to both vaccinia and Shope fibroma viruses; 5 were early polypeptides common to both cowpox and Shope fibroma viruses; 9 were late polypeptides common to both cowpox and Shope fibroma viruses; 4 were early polypeptides common to all three viruses; and 7 were late polypeptides common to all three viruses.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1977

Correlation between serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase activities in central and peripheral adrenergic neurons and adrenal glands.

Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats had a positive correlation with dopamine-beta-hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase activities in mesenteric vessels, vas deferens, and adrenal glands at 14-16 weeks of age, a negative correlation with dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in locus coeruleus at 3 weeks and 14-16 weeks of age, and a positive correlation with tyrosine hydroxylase activity only at 3 weeks of age, but not at 14-16 weeks of age.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1977

Release of template restriction in chromatin by nuclear 4.5s RNA.

The stimulatory mechanism of RNA synthesis of calf-thymus chromatin by nuclear 4.5 S RNA from the homologous tissue was investigated by using exogenously added Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. The RNA synthesis was initiated at low concentration of salt, and then the chain elongation was achieved at high concentration of ammonium sulfate in the presence of polyvinyl sulfate. Under these conditions the number of binding sites of RNA polymerase on chromatin which were capable of initiating RNA chain was increased by the addition of the 4.5 S RNA. This stimulation was presumed to result from the release of template restriction in chromatin. The polyvinyl salt minimized ribonuclease activity without changing the RNA polymerase activity bound to the template. Neither rearrangement nor release of chromatin proteins affected the amount or size of RNA produced. Preliminary analysis suggested that the molecular species of RNA produced upon the addition of the 4.5 S RNA from various tissues seemed to be heterologous.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase and other enzymes of catecholamine metabolism in human brain.

The activities of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) with serotonin and phenylethylamine as substrates were measured in catecholaminergic regions of human brain from 10 controls and 3 patients with Parkinsonism. PNMT activity was detected in hypothalamus, thalamus and cerebellar nucleus of the control human brain, and was reduced in hypothalamus of Parkinsonian cases. Type A (with serotonin as substrate) and type B (with phenylethylamine as substrate) MAO activities were high in all brain regions with little individual variations in controls and Parkinsonian cases. TH activity was high in the controls and was markedly decreased, in substantia nigra, caudate nucleus, putamen and in pallidum, in all three cases of Parkinsonism. DDC activity in these regions was also decreased in 2 patients. However, one Parkinsonian case had only decreased TH and normal DDC activities. DBH activity in hypothalamus was also reduced in the Parkinsonian cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Norepinephrine-synthesizing enzymes in brain, adrenals and peripheral sympathetic nerves of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity in serum, DBH and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activities in mesenteric vessels, and DBH and TH activities in locus coeruleus and hypothalamus of brain did not differ significantly between spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKR) at 16 weeks of age when hypertension of SHR was fixed. In contrast, DBH and TH activities in vas deferens and adrenal glands were significantly higher in SHR than in WKR. These changes in SHR at 16 weeks of age after establishment of hypertension are directly opposite those reported previously in SHR at 3 weeks of age before the onset of hypertension.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1977

Chromosomal characteristics of six cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines originating from Marek's disease lymphomas.

Cytogenetic observations were made on 6 cell lines (MOB-1, MOB-2, MOB-3, MSB-1, HPRS Line 1, HPRS Line2) originating from Marek's disease lymphomas and 2 clones (1104-B, 1104-X-5) of a cell line established from an avian lymphoid leukosis tumor. The modal chromosome number was within the diploid range in all the lines except HPRS Line 1 and HPRS Line 2, both of which had a mode at about 60. Karyotypes were grossly abnormal in 4 cell lines: trisomy for No. 1 in MOB-2; the heteromorphic No. 1 pair in MSB-1, and marker chromosomes derived from rearrangements involving No. 3 or No. 5 and unidentified elements in HPRS Lines 1 and 2. The MOB-1 line which had been characterized by cells with an apparently normal karyotype was completely taken over by cells with a heteromorphic No. 1 pair morphologically similar to the one found in MSB-1 by the 95th day of continuous growth in vitro. BUdR-acridine orange differential staining technique revealed, however, different banding patterns in these abnormal chromosomes.

Acridines↗