Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Honda.
Some improvements have been achieved for the separation technique in the syntheses of oligodeoxyribonucleotides by a solid phase phosphotriester method; (1) reuse of the protected nucleotides recovered from the reaction mixture by a preparative GPC. (2) a new weak anion exchange column, HPLC-DEAE, was used to estimate the size of the deblocked oligomers.
UNLABELLED: Clinical results of intraoperative radiotherapy for gastric cancer were reported. One hundred and five cases of gastric cancer were treated by intraoperative radiotherapy. Indications for the intraoperative radiotherapy were determined as follows: 1) The primary lesion (tumor) located at the level of gastric corpus or antrum (M, A); 2) At least, the primary tumor should be resected; 3) Neither liver metastasis nor peritoneal dissemination was noticed; 4) Lymph node metastasis were limited to the second group (less than N3); 5) Cases of which tumor-infiltration-depth reached to the serosal surface (S3) of the posterior gastric wall and infiltrated to the pancreatic capsule were included. However, infiltrations to the serosal surface of the anterior gastric wall were not subjected to the treatment, because of having peritoneal disseminations. Irradiation of 2800-4000 rad of electron beam from betatron was performed after resection of the stomach and the regional lymph node as possible. Five-year survival rate was studied on 58 cases (consisting 5 cases of stage I, 27 cases of stage II, 12 cases of stage III and 14 cases of stage IV). Comparisons were done with the cases receiving surgical operation only. RESULTS: Whatever the stage of the patient was, 3-year survival rate was found to be better in the radiotherapy group than that of the control group (treated surgical resection only). Five year survival rate of the stages III and IV in the radiotherapy group was better than the control group. Unfavorable side effects were observed in 4 cases out of 105 cases. In one case, penetration of postoperative peptic ulcer into the irradiated aortic wall was found by autopsy. Two cases of bile duct stenosis and one case of ileus due to acutely developed peritonitis carcinomatosa were experienced. In conclusion, intraoperative radiotherapy immediately after surgical resection for the treatment of gastric cancer was found to be an effective method. The most effective application of the method appears to be to cases of stage II and III without liver metastasis and peritoneal disseminations (H0P0, M, A).
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The effect of water-soluble polymers on the membrane fluidity of human erythrocyte ghosts was investigated and was compared with that of concanavalin A by means of the fluorescence polarization technique. 8-Anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid sodium salt and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene were used as probe molecules. The membrane fluidity was increased by the addition of polycations with concentrations of less than 2 x 10(-3) wt% 60 min after mixing. The fluidity changes were affected by the chemical structure (hydrophobicity, charge density, etc.) of polycations. Thus, the membrane fluidity increased markedly with increasing charge density on the chain backbone of polycations. On the other hand, nonionic polymers such as poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) changed the membrane fluidity in a biphasic manner. That is, the fluidity of human erythrocyte ghost was temporarily increased and then decrease. For example, 20 wt.% of poly(ethylene glycol) gave a maximum fluidity 15 min after mixing with erythrocyte ghosts. A similar fluidity change was observed by adding concanavalin A. Such fluidity changes were not observed when lipid bilayer vesicles were used instead of cell membranes. These results suggested that the increase of membrane fluidity resulted from the intramembraneous aggregation of membrane-bound proteins which was induced by the added polymers. Cell agglutination was also induced by the addition of a large amount of polymers. This agglutination was considered to be due to the intermembraneous aggregation of membrane-bound proteins.
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A simple impedance method to evaluate Eustachian tube function has been reported. The principle of the test consists of recording the impedance of the eardrum during Valsalva's maneuver and during swallowing. By this procedure, the inflow and outflow of air through the tube is recorded as a simple pattern of impedance change that is classified into the following three groups: normal, obstructive, and patent. The conformity of these test results to those of an aerodynamic test has indicated the reliability of the test for clinical use.
Ethyl, n-dodecyl, and n-hexadecyl esters of urocanic acid (4-imidazoleacrylic acid) were prepared from 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde in satisfactory yields via the Wittig reaction.
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