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Biomedical subjects

K Holm

Publications and source records attributed to K Holm.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Identification of an essential Schizosaccharomyces pombe RNA homologous to the 7SL component of signal recognition particle.

We have cloned the gene encoding a novel small cytoplasmic RNA from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Four lines of evidence support the idea that this RNA is a homolog of the 7SL RNA component of mammalian signal recognition particle (SRP), which targets presecretory proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. First, it shares limited but significant primary sequence homology with previously identified 7SL RNAs and can be folded into a similar secondary structure. Second, it possesses the 5' triphosphate characteristic of unprocessed RNA polymerase III transcripts, and moreover, it is the only fission yeast RNA in this size range with such a terminus. Third, its behavior in cell fractionation experiments suggests that it is part of a small ribonucleoprotein which forms salt-labile contacts with larger structures. Fourth, the particle containing S. pombe 7SL RNA resembles mammalian SRP in both size (11S) and affinity for DEAE-Sepharose. Disruption of the single-copy gene, designated slr1+, reveals that the RNA is indispensable for growth in fission yeast. This result is not surprising, since secretion is an essential cellular process.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Early innervation of the metanephric kidney.

During kidney differentiation, the nephrogenic mesenchyme converts into renal tubules and the ureter bud branches to form the collecting system. Here we show that in the early undifferentiated kidney rudiment there is a third cell type present. In whole-mount preparations of cultured undifferentiated metanephric kidneys, neurones can be detected by immunohistochemical means with antibodies against the neurofilament triplet, 13AA8, and against neuronal cell surface gangliosides, Q211. Clusters of neuronal cell bodies can be seen in the mesenchyme close to the ureter bud. The terminal endings of neurites are found around the mesenchymal condensates that later become kidney tubules. A similar distribution of neurites can be revealed in tissue sections of kidney grafts growing in the chicken chorioallantoic membranes. In primary cultures of the ureter bud cells, neurones are constantly present. In another report, we have shown that, in experimental conditions, neurones are involved in regulation of kidney morphogenesis. The present results raise the possibility that neurones of the metanephric kidney may have this function in vivo as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Physical conditioning in the aging adult.

The benefits of exercise are well established but the impact of exercise on the older adult is not as clearly defined. Increasing numbers of people in the United States are over 65 years old. Thus health care providers will find themselves often involved with the older adult and will need an understanding of exercise in this age group. This article reviews the known benefits of exercise for the older adult, exercise-related age changes, and how to prescribe exercise for those 65 years and over. Selected case reports are used to provide examples of how specified guidelines can be incorporated into practice.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Nurse executive effectiveness.

Community hospital chief nurse executives (CNEs) and chief executive officers (CEOs) ranked, in a nationwide survey, seven characteristics of nurse executive effectiveness. Human management skill was ranked first by both groups. CNEs cited CEO support as the second most important factor in their effectiveness, while CEOs ranked total organizational view second. Both groups cited the need for fiscal management skills for CNEs. Results differ from an earlier study of university hospital based CNEs and CEOs. Such discrepancies, including differences in education, tenure, and salary, hold strong implications for the pursuit of careers in nursing administration.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Resource teams: their structure and use.

With the current nursing shortage and changing health care climate, nursing administrators are concerned with the effective and efficient use of supplementary staffs such as internal resource teams (RTs) or float pools. This article describes a telephone survey of 20 leading hospitals nationwide, which identified organization structure, personnel use, and the main characteristics of state-of-the-art resource teams.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1987

Challenges in developing an inpatient psychiatric program for patients with AIDS and ARC.

The presence of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex (ARC) on a psychiatric unit requires education of and adaptation by staff and other patients as well as changes in the psychiatric milieu. The authors describe their experiences with 36 AIDS and ARC patients admitted to a psychiatric unit over an 18-month period. They address issues related to staff reactions to terminal illness and to increased demands to provide physical care, milieu management that takes into account the limitations of AIDS patients suffering from dementia, diagnostic complications arising from mixed psychopathology in some AIDS patients, and the increased susceptibility of AIDS patients to side effects and toxicity from psychotropic medication. Other issues relating to infection control, ethical concerns, needs of friends and family, and disposition planning are also discussed.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacologic approach to ischemic stroke management.

Currently, pharmacologic intervention is directed toward preventing further spread of damage in the patient with cerebrovascular disease. Anti-platelet agents decrease platelet aggregation responses and anticoagulants decrease formation of the fibrin plug. In addition to the potential clinical benefits of these agents, risks must be considered. Patient education and compliance are major factors for consideration when assessing and monitoring treatment plans. Therefore, it is beneficial to the patient for health care teams to engage in multidisciplinary rounds which foster a consistent approach to treatment and allow each team member to make his unique contribution to the overall care of the patient.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1985

An approach to modifying self-report instruments.

The Rasch model, a simple latent trait model was applied to responses to a 21-item self-report instrument. Items were assigned values reflective of interval scale measurement. To modify the instrument, items below the calibrated mean were eliminated. The proposed revision contains fewer items with known scale values and only those items that are the strongest indicants of the variable in question. The present work suggests that the Rasch and similar models are useful for increasing the measurement properties of self-report instruments.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Post hoc tests following analysis of variance.

Review of nursing research literature revealed that post hoc comparisons of mean differences were not consistently reported, although their use was warranted. This paper describes the critical features of post hoc procedures and offers guidelines for selecting one method over another. Particular attention is given to how various procedures control Type 1 error. Selection of post hoc procedures considering the investigator's desire for control of Type 1 and Type 2 error also is presented.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1985

Contemporary table salt practices and blood pressure.

Salt intake of 978 subjects when compared to 1954 data demonstrated a trend toward the decreased use of table salt. When hypertensives in treatment were excluded, persons reporting low salt use had higher mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures than those reporting high salt use. These findings were the reverse of the relationships found in 1954.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The cardiac patient and exercise: a sociobehavioral analysis.

Health beliefs (health motivation, perceptions of illness, perceptions of resusceptibility, efficacy of treatment, barriers to treatment, and cues to taking health-related action), HLOC, patient satisfaction, social support, and self-motivation were studied in a group of cardiac patients (N = 41; 39 men and two women) who initiated and completed a phase II outpatient cardiac exercise program. Twenty-three had MI and 18 had CABG. They ranged in age from 34 to 75 years with a mean age of 53 1/2 years. Regarding health beliefs, the only subscales not reflecting the tendency toward compliant behavior were general health motivation and cues to taking health-related action. Scores on the remaining measures revealed a tendency for subjects to be externally controlled, satisfied with the program and staff, recipients of social support, and self-motivated. Although it was anticipated that patients with MI would differ significantly from patients who had CABG regarding these measures, this was not found to be true. A correlation matrix revealed that the most remarkable relationships were those between perceptions of severity of illness and general health motivation; HLOC and general health motivation; perceptions of severity and resusceptibility; cues to taking health-related action and satisfaction with the program staff; and satisfaction with the program and the program staff. Interestingly, perceptions of resusceptibility were negatively related to social support and self-motivation.

Adult↗