Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to K Hirose.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Development of maturational competence of oocytes of red seabream, Pagrus major, after human chorionic gonadotropin treatment in vitro requires RNA and protein synthesis.

The effects of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) on in vitro germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in oocytes obtained at different times of day from a daily spawning marine teleost, the red seabream Pagrus major, were investigated. Oocytes isolated at 0800 hr underwent GVBD in response to HCG (10 IU/ml) but not to DHP (10 ng/ml). GVBD could be induced in oocytes isolated at 1600 hr by either HCG or DHP. Oocytes underwent GVBD in response to DHP after DHP-insensitive oocytes were incubated with HCG for 30, 60, or 120 min. The effects of actinomycin D (a transcriptional inhibitor) and cycloheximide (a translational inhibitor) on HCG- and DHP-induced GVBD were also investigated. Actinomycin D (1 microgram/ml) totally inhibited HCG-induction of GVBD in oocytes isolated at 0600 and 0800 hr. Actinomycin D also significantly inhibited GVBD induced by HCG in combination with DHP in oocytes taken at 0600 and 0800 hr. Cycloheximide (1 microgram/ml) completely inhibited the inducation of GVBD by HCG or DHP, alone or in combination, in oocytes obtained at 0600, 1000, and 1400 hr. These results indicate that gonadotropin induces maturational competence (responsiveness to maturation-inducing steroid) in oocytes of red seabream. These results also suggest that gonadotropin-induced synthesis of new protein through a mechanism dependent on RNA is essential for the development of maturational competence in oocytes of red seabream.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding the prepro-salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone of the red seabream.

Complementary DNA fragments encoding the prepro-salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone ([Trp7, Leu8]GnRH, sGnRH) of the red seabream Pagrus major were amplified from mRNA of the olfactory bulbs using a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the full-length cDNA was cloned from a cDNA library using the PCR-amplified cDNA as a probe. The cDNA consisted of 442 bp, including an open reading frame of 270 bp which encoded the prepro-sGnRH (90 amino acid residues). The prepro-sGnRH had the same architecture as that reported in other species. It was composed of a signal peptide, sGnRH and a GnRH-associated peptide (GAP), which was connected to sGnRH by a Gly-Lys-Arg sequence. The prepro-sGnRH of the red seabream had 90% amino acid identity to the prepro-sGnRH from an African cichlid Haplochromis burtoni which belongs to the same suborder as the red seabream; however, identity was lower to the prepro-sGnRH from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar (74%) and masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou (70%). The GnRH peptide itself and the Gly-Lys-Arg sequence in the prepro-GnRH are highly conserved among vertebrates. The red seabream GAP also shows significant amino acid identity to the GAPs of the African cichlid (89%), Atlantic salmon (74%), and masu salmon (67%), but exhibits no significant identity to chicken or mammalian GAP.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Spot mapping on the standard profile of restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) of sorted chromosome 20 using methylation-insensitive enzyme.

We established the spot mapping system on a restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) profile using sorted chromosome as RLGS material. In this mapping system, we can mapped RLGS spots physically, regardless of their polymorphism, using methylation-insensitive enzymes in all RLGS steps. Here, we report that we identified 28 spots derived from human chromosome 20 on an RLGS profile, and that number was in good agreement with the number predicted from the length of the chromosome 20.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1994

Laryngeal electromyography with separated surface electrodes in patients with multiple system atrophy presenting with vocal cord paralysis.

When recording the activity of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA) with surface electrodes, there is contamination from the surrounding muscles such as the cricopharyngeal muscle. We therefore devised a new oesophageal catheter electrode of the separate type, having three individual surface electrodes for the PCA, cricopharyngeal muscle and diaphragm. The records obtained with this catheter demonstrated satisfactory separation between PCA and cricopharyngeal muscle activities. We used this catheter in patients with multiple system atrophy presenting with vocal cord paralysis, who were awake or asleep. There were two interesting electromyographical findings, which were inspiratory activity of the adductor muscle (the thyroarytenoid muscle) and fade-out of the abductor muscle, that is, PCA activity during sleep. Although vocal cord paralysis is one of the most serious life-threatening complications, the precise mechanism has not been clarified. We believe that our catheter may be useful in investigating the mechanism of vocal cord paralysis which could cause sudden death in neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple system atrophy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Case-control studies: matched controls or all available controls?

In order to realize the variation in the estimate of the odds ratio from case-control studies, results from individually matched sampling were compared with those from the analysis based on a large number of controls. The subjects were selected from those who visited Aichi Cancer Center Hospital from 1988 to 1990. Cases consisted of 251 male lung cancer patients aged 40-79 years. Age and year of visit matched controls were sampled independently 100 times and 5000 times from non-cancer male outpatients (cases to controls ratio: 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). As unmatched controls, all male non-cancer outpatients aged 40-79 years (4100 patients) were used. The smoking habit was adopted as an exposure variable. As logically expected, analysis based on 4100 male controls gave a steadier estimate than the matched analyses examined here, indicating that a matched sampling is not recommended when a large number of controls are available.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Identification of an imprinted U2af binding protein related sequence on mouse chromosome 11 using the RLGS method.

A new imprinted gene has been discovered in mice using the technique of restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) with methylation sensitive enzymes. Eight out of 3,100 strain-specific NotI and BssHII spots were identified as imprinted in reciprocal F1 hybrids. Subsequently, we isolated a genomic clone for one locus on proximal chromosome 11 near the Glns locus, an imprinted region in uniparental disomic mice, and its corresponding cDNA clone. Expression of this transcript from the paternal allele was established using RT-PCR of reciprocal F1-hybrid mice. The amino-acid sequence deduced from the cDNA showed significant homology to the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein auxiliary factor 35 kDa subunit.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Structural changes in muscle crossbridges accompanying force generation.

We have investigated the structure of the crossbridges in muscles rapidly frozen while relaxed, in rigor, and at various times after activation from rigor by flash photolysis of caged ATP. We used Fourier analysis of images of cross sections to obtain an average view of the muscle structure, and correspondence analysis to extract information about individual crossbridge shapes. The crossbridge structure changes dramatically between relaxed, rigor, and with time after ATP release. In relaxed muscle, most crossbridges are detached. In rigor, all are attached and have a characteristic asymmetric shape that shows strong left-handed curvature when viewed from the M-line towards the Z-line. Immediately after ATP release, before significant force has developed (20 ms) the homogeneous rigor population is replaced by a much more diverse collection of crossbridge shapes. Over the next few hundred milliseconds, the proportion of attached crossbridges changes little, but the distribution of the crossbridges among different structural classes continues to evolve. Some forms of attached crossbridge (presumably weakly attached) increase at early times when tension is low. The proportion of several other attached non-rigor crossbridge shapes increases in parallel with the development of active tension. The results lend strong support to models of muscle contraction that have attributed force generation to structural changes in attached crossbridges.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Incidence rate of recurrent Kawasaki disease in Japan.

To calculate the incidence of recurrent Kawasaki disease and to discuss some potential risk factors for its recurrence, we observed a cohort consisting of those followed-up since the first episode of the disease. A total of 4560 persons, with 16,500.4 person-years were observed from the second month after the first episode of the disease to the end of 1989. The mean observation period was 3.62 years. The overall incidence rate was 5.21 per 1000 person-years, with a higher incidence within the 2 years from the first episode; although not statistically significant, the incidence was higher among males and those who experienced the first episode at < or = 2 years of age. The possibility of i.v. gamma globulin therapy being one of the risk factors was negated by a stratified analysis to control confounding factors but supported by univariate analysis.

Child↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of DNA methylation patterns among mouse cell lines by restriction landmark genomic scanning.

Restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) is a novel method which enables us to simultaneously visualize a large number of loci as two-dimensional gel spots. By this method, the status of DNA methylation can efficiently be determined by monitoring the appearance or disappearance of spots by using a methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme. In the present study, using RLGS with NotI, we examined, in comparison with a brain RLGS profile, the status of DNA methylation of more than 900 loci among three types of mouse cell lines: the embryonal carcinoma cell line P19, the stable mesenchymal cell line 10T1/2, and our established neuroepithelial (EM) cell lines. We found that the relative numbers of RLGS spots which appeared were less than 3.3% of those surveyed in all cell lines examined. However, 5 to 14% of spots disappeared, the numbers increasing with an increase in the length of the culture period, and many spots were commonly lost in 10T1/2 and in three EM cell lines. Thus, for these cell lines, many more spots disappeared than appeared. However, the numbers of spots disappearing and appearing were well balanced, and the ratio in P19 cells was almost equal to that in liver cells in vivo. These RLGS experimental observations suggested that permanent cell lines such as 10T1/2 are hypermethylated and that our newly established EM cell lines are also becoming heavily methylated at common loci. On the other hand, methylation and demethylation seem to be balanced in P19 cells in a manner similar to that in in vivo liver tissue.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1994

Stimulation of the biosynthesis of interleukin 8 by interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in cultured human chorionic cells.

Human chorion, but not amnion, tissue explants produced substantial quantities of neutrophil chemoattractant in response to interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). This suggested that chorion is one of the chemoattractant producing tissues. Therefore, the biochemical properties and the regulation of a chemoattractant in human chorionic cells were examined. IL-1 alpha and TNF alpha stimulated human chorionic cells to produce neutrophil chemotactic factor in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. This chemotactic factor was a heat-stable and trypsin-sensitive protein with an apparent molecular weight of 10000, and it was also immunologically identified as a chemotactic cytokine of the human IL-8 family. Immunohistochemical observations with IL-1 alpha- and TNF alpha-treated chorion explants indicated that trophoblasts and stromal cells, including fibroblast-like and macrophage-like cells, but not endothelial cells, were characterized as IL-8-producing cells. From these observations, it is very likely that both IL-1 and TNF alpha may participate in the production of chemotactic factor/IL-8 in pre-term parturition, accompanied by an intraamniotic infection, along with their known promotive effect on the production of matrix metalloproteinases, which is connected with the destruction of matrix components of fetal membranes.

Amnion↗
PubMed1994

Subgingival temperature in rats with natural gingivitis.

Elevated temperature, normally a characteristic of inflammation, is a potential indicator of periodontal disease. The present investigation examined the relationship of subgingival temperature and various indicators of gingivitis in rats with spontaneous gingivitis (SUS rat) and in control rats (RES rat). In 24 SUS rats with gingivitis, the subgingival temperature rose, but not in 6 SUS and 20 RES rats with healthy gingiva. Subjects with high mean subgingival temperatures had significantly higher mean percentages of Prevotella intermedia and Fusobacterium nucleatum than age-matched RES rats. The results show that dental plaque, including specific bacteria P. intermedia and F. nucleatum, can play some role in causing the elevated temperatures.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Radiologically occult lung cancer in the peripheral region.

A rare case of radiologically occult lung cancer in the peripheral region beyond bronchoscopic visibility is reported. A 69-year-old female was referred because of positive sputum cytology. Despite detailed bronchoscopic and otorhinoralyngologic examinations, the source of malignant cells was not localized. During the follow-up period, squamous cell carcinoma of the lung periphery was detected radiologically three years after its presence was detected in sputum. Awareness of the existence of this type of cancer and careful follow-up are important in the management of patients with positive sputum cytology and no evidence of cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Inhibitory effects of exogenous eicosapentaenoic acid on generation of leukotriene C4 and leukotriene B4 by human leukocytes stimulated with calcium ionophore].

Effects of exogenous eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and arachiodonic acid (AA) on generation of leukotriences C4, C5, B4 and B5 were assessed in human leukocytes stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187. Human leukocytes were obtained from healthy volunteers using the dextran sedimentation of peripheral blood and stimulated with 1 microgram/ml calcium ionophore A23187 in the absence or presence of EPA (1-30 micrograms/ml) and/or AA (1-30 micrograms/ml). Leukotriences from leukocytes samples were separated and quantitated by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Mean generation of LTC4 in the absence of fatty acid was 78.2 +/- 25.4 ng/10(7) cells (Mean +/- SD, n = 6). In the presence of EPA, the generation of LTC4 increased a little but significant (p < 0.05) to 85.3 +/- 24.2 ng/10(7) cells at low dose (1 microgram/ml) of EPA, and then decreased to 39.7 +/- 23.4 ng/10(7) cells at high dose (30 micrograms/ml) of EPA (p < 0.05). LTB4 generation was 213.2 +/- 38.0 ng/10(7) cells without fatty acids, and decreased to 174.0 +/- 48.0 ng/10(7) cells at 30 micrograms/ml EPA (p < 0.05). LTC5 and LTB5 production were detectable at 1 microgram/ml EPA and reached to maximum at 10 micrograms/ml EPA with 21.9 +/- 15.6 ng/10(7) cells and 21.8 +/- 7.1 ng/10(7) cells, respectively. Total LTC (LTC4 + LTC5) generation with high dose of EPA (57.2 +/- 28.0 ng/10(7) cells) decreased significantly compared with that in the absence of fatty acids (78.2 +/- 25.4 ng/10(7) cells). At 10 micrograms/ml of AA, both LTC4 and LTB4 generation significantly increased to 114.2 +/- 5.3% and 129.0 +/- 9.5% of control, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Two cases of advanced breast cancer effectively treated with chemoendocrine therapy and radiotherapy].

We reported 2 cases of breast cancer with lymph node metastasis treated with CAF (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Case 1 was stage IV [T4b, N3 M1 (lung)] and case 2 was stage IIIa (T1, N2, M0). The two cases responded well to CAF and MPA therapy in local and systemic lesions, and then underwent radiotherapy and lymph node resection without mastectomy. After these treatments, both cases were thought to be disease-free. Major side effects were allopecia, obesity, and leukopenia. These results suggest that combination chemoendotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery can be utilized for most patients with moderately advanced breast cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

[Expression of human epidermal growth factor and its receptor of the gastric carcinomas with special reference to DNA ploidy patterns and nucleolar organizer regions].

In 68 cases of surgically resected gastric carcinomas, expression of human epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) were examined immunohistologically using the Avidin-Biotin Peroxidase Complex Method, and their relation with DNA contents and nuclear protein synthesis in the tumor progression were studied by measuring DNA ploidy patterns and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs), respectively with cytofluorometry and AgNO3 stain method. EGF and EGFR expression were respectively found only in 2 (7%) and 1 (4%) in 28 early cancers, and significantly increased in advanced cancers, 25 (63%) and 9 (23%) out of 40 cases. The ratio of aneuploid tumor and the NORs numbers per tumor cell also increased in advanced cancers, compared with in early cancers. EGF and EGFR respectively expressed in 19 (51%) and 9 (23%) in 37 aneuploid cancers, significantly more frequent than 8 (26%) and 1 (3%) in 31 diploid cancers. In the EGF-positive tumors, the NORs numbers showed 4.11 +/- 0.72, significantly higher than 2.68 +/- 0.61 in the EGF-negative tumors. These results suggested that expression of EGF and EGFR in the gastric carcinomas increases during the tumor progression from the early to advanced stage, stimulates synthesis of DNA and nuclear protein, and consequently enhances (strengthens, heightens, or intensifies) the proliferative activity of the tumors.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1993

Methylation profiles of genomic DNA of mouse developmental brain detected by restriction landmark genomic scanning (RLGS) method.

Restriction landmark genomic scanning using methylation-sensitive endonucleases (RLGS-M) is a newly developed powerful method for systematic detection of DNA methylation. Using this method, we scanned mouse brain genomic DNAs from various developmental stages to detect the transcriptionally active regions. This approach is based on the assumption that CpG methylation, particularly of CpG islands, might be associated with gene transcriptional regulation. Genomic DNAs were prepared from telencephalons of 9.5-, 13.5- and 16.5-day embryos, 1- and 10-day neonates and adults, followed by subjecting them to RLGS-M and comparing their patterns with each other or with that of the adult liver. We used NotI as a methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme and surveyed the methylation states of 2,600 NotI sites, almost of which should correspond to gene loci. Although almost all RLGS spots (98%) were present constantly at every developmental stages, only a few percent of spots reproducibly appeared and disappeared at different developmental stages of the brain (44 spots, 1.7%) and some were tissue-specific (10 spots, 0.7%). These data suggest that DNA methylation associated with gene transcription is a well-programmed event during the central nervous system (CNS) development. Thus, RLGS-M can offer a means for detecting systematically the genes in which the state of DNA methylation changes during development of the higher organism.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Right ventricular dilatation and remodeling the first year after an initial transmural wall left ventricular myocardial infarction.

Left ventricular (LV) remodeling after LV myocardial infarction was described previously. Little is known regarding concomitant adaptation, if any, in right ventricular (RV) volumes after LV infarction. To examine this issue, cine-computed tomography was used to determine serial changes in absolute global LV and RV volumes in 27 patients without clinical heart failure during the first year after an initial Q-wave myocardial infarction (14 anterior and 13 inferior). The patient group with anterior wall LV infarction showed progressive increases in LV and RV volumes from hospital discharge to 1 year (end-diastolic volumes +25 and +13%, respectively; and end-systolic volumes +35 and +15%, respectively). In patients with inferior wall LV infarction, both LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes increased significantly during the study period (+13 and +15%, respectively). Despite a trend for RV end-diastolic volume to be increased at 1 year, neither end-diastolic nor end-systolic volume increased significantly after hospital discharge following inferior wall LV infarction. Absolute RV end-diastolic volume was not significantly different between the infarct groups at any time after infarction. In conclusion, global changes occur in both LV and RV volumes during the first year after an initial infarction regardless of infarct location. The magnitude of these changes was greater after anterior than inferior wall LV infarction.

Adult↗