Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Hara

Publications and source records attributed to K Hara.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Expression of interleukin-2 receptor and HLA-DR on lymphocyte subsets of gingival crevicular fluid in patients with periodontitis.

Expression of interleukin-2 receptor (IL2R) and HLA-DR on lymphocytes of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was examined by two-color flow cytometric analysis. GCF from 15 patients with periodontitis was collected by crevicular washing. Mononuclear cells were isolated by Ficoll-paque gradient centrifugation from inflamed gingival tissue (GT) and peripheral blood (PB) sampled from each of the 15 patients. Lymphocyte subsets were detected by using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) of Leu 12 (CD19), Leu 4 (CD3), Leu 3a (CD4) and Leu 2a (CD8) directed to B cells, T cells, helper/inducer T cells (Th) and suppressor/cytotoxic T cells (Ts), respectively. Anti-IL2R (CD25) and anti-HLA-DR were used as lymphocyte activation markers. IL2R- or HLA-DR-positive fractions in Th, Ts and B cells were calculated. Percentage of IL2R-positive fraction in Th (IL2R+ Th) of GCF (34.0%) was significantly higher than those of GT (18.4%) and PB (13.7%). IL2R-positive fraction in B cells (IL2R+ B) of GCF was the highest among the three groups (23.9% in GCF, 12.5% in GT, 6.3% in PB). Ts did not express IL2R regardless of the origin of the samples. Compared with PB and GT, GCF showed significantly higher HLA-DR expression on Th and Ts in GCF (PB: 8.7% and 27.1%; GT: 27.9% and 50.3%; GCF: 44.7% and 65.3%). These results suggest that lymphocytes in GCF were highly activated and are related to the local host immune response in periodontitis.

CD4-CD8 Ratio↗
PubMed1991

A new method of determining intracellular free Ca2+ concentration using Quin2-fluorescence.

We determined intracellular free Ca2+ concentration by fluorescence spectroscopy and the time-resolved measurements of 2-[(2-amino-5-methylphenoxy) methyl]-6-methoxy-8-aminoquinoline-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, tetrapotassium salt (Quin2) incorporated in suspended mouse leukemia L1210 cells. The paper reports the following two points. (1) Various fluorescence spectrum patterns in cell suspensions dissolved with Quin2 acetoxy methylester were compared with those of the complex in buffer solution containing esterase. (2) The fluorescence lifetime of Quin2 bound to Ca2+ was approx. 4.5-11 times longer (10 +/- 1 ns) than that (1.5 +/- 0.5 ns) of Quin2. The fraction of the long lifetime component was plotted against the concentration of CaCl2 in buffer solution. From the results obtained, it was found that approx. 35 nM Ca2+ was contained in each L1210 cell.

Aminoquinolines↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of serological antigen detection tests for candidemia].

The new serological tests for candidemia were evaluated. In nine cases of candidemia, fungal index (Endotoxin D-Endospecy) was 146.8 +/- 116.8 pg/ml and D-arabinitol/creatinine 1.10 +/- 1.04 mumol/mg. Fungal index was significantly (p less than 0.01) higher in candidemia than suspected infections. All candidemia were positive for Cand-Tec latex agglutination, but twelve of the sixteen cases of suspected infections were also positive. Mannan latex agglutination was very specific for candidemia. Four cases of candidemia was positive for Mannan latex agglutination and only one case was positive in suspected infections. Fungal index and D-arabinitol/creatinine was decreased after treatment of antifungal agents. In poor clinical efficacy case, these titer remained high even after treatment. These data suggested the usefulness of these serological tests for candidemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Early diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by antigen detection using immunobinding assay].

The possibility of rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by immunobinding assay is described. Immunobinding assay which was developed by Kotani and McGarrity is a simple and rapid method for identification of mycoplasmas. Small amounts of antigen were spotted onto the nitrocellulose membrane. It was treated with a specific rabbit antisera against M. pneumoniae. The antigen-antibody complex was visualised with the avidin-biotin horseradish peroxidase method. Cross reaction was seen between M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium. Throat swabs from hamsters infected with M. pneumoniae were positive on 7th and 14th day after infection. Although the cross reaction was seen between M. pneumoniae and M. genitalium, this method could be useful for rapid diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A study of bronchoalveolar lavage analysis in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis--the results of low dose and long term erythromycin treatment].

Cellular analysis including lymphocyte surface markers in BALF in 17 patients with DPB (14 male; 36 female) was performed. The total number of cells increased remarkably, especially the percentage of neutrophils (72.9 +/- 14.1%). On the contrary the percentage of alveolar macrophage decreased (15.4 +/- 8.9%). The CD4/CD8 ratio in DPB was also significantly decreased to 0.73 +/- 0.38% when compared with normal healthy nonsmokers. Five patients with low dose and long term EM treatment were analyzed. Total cell counts as well as the neutrophil percentage (7.3 +/- 4.0%) decreased significantly. On the other hand the percentage of alveolar macrophage increased to 76.6 +/- 0.6%, which was almost similar to those obtained from normal healthy volunteers. Therefore it is concluded that both clinical and BALF findings improved concordantly after EM treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Laboratory and clinical investigation of lysis centrifugation blood culture method for fungemia].

We compared the lysis centrifugation blood culture system using Isolator (Du Pont) to the conventional blood culture bottle using BCB system (Roch), and the following results were obtained. In the investigation of experimental fungemia made by human blood and Candida albicans, the organism was detected 9/12 after 1 day and 11/12 after 3 days by Isolator, although the organism was detected 3/12 after 3 days and 11/12 after 6 days by the culture bottle system. In the experimental fungemia of Candida tropicalis, the organism was detected 12/12 after 2 days by Isolator, although it was detected 1/12 after 6 days and 4/12 after 10 days with the culture bottle system. Isolator showed faster and a more sensitive detection rate for fungemia. Clinical investigation of 94 cases (180 cultures) showed a 11.1% isolation rate with Isolator system and a 7.1% isolation rate with the culture bottle system. In 43 cases which were examined by the both systems, 7 cases were positive with Isolator, 3 positive with culture bottle. The culture bottle system isolated only Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis, where as the Isolator isolated Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, and Candida spp. This investigation suggested that the Isolator system was an excellent method for the detection of fungemia.

Blood↗
PubMed1991

Sequence rearrangement in JC virus DNAs molecularly cloned from immunosuppressed renal transplant patients.

From nonimmunocompromised individuals, we have recently identified a possible archetypal JC virus DNA sequence from which various regulatory sequences of JC virus isolates derived from patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) could have evolved. In this study, we analyzed the regulatory sequences of JCV DNAs cloned from urine samples of a PML risk group (renal transplant patients on immunosuppressive therapy). A number of JC virus DNAs were molecularly cloned from virions excreted in the urine of eight patients. Furthermore, fragments containing the regulatory region were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and subsequently molecularly cloned from cell-associated JC virus excreted in the urine of two patients. The regulatory regions in all clones were analyzed with restriction enzymes, and those in representative clones were sequenced. We found that clones with the archetypal regulatory sequence were predominant in all urine samples, but a few clones carried regulatory sequences that diverged from the archetypal sequence by deletion or duplication. The finding that sequence rearrangement in the archetypal regulatory region occurs in the course of infection in immunosuppressed hosts is consistent with the adaptation hypothesis which has been put forward to explain the divergence of the regulatory regions in PML-derived JC virus isolates.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Separation and characterization of three positional isomers of dimaltosyl-cyclomaltoheptaose (dimaltosyl-beta-cyclodextrin).

A mixture of maltosylcyclomaltoheptaoses (maltosyl-beta-cyclodextrins, G2-beta CDs) was prepared from maltose and beta-cyclodextrin (beta CD) through the reverse action of Klebsiella pneumoniae pullulanase. Three positional isomers of dimaltosyl-beta CD in the mixture were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography on a reversed phase column and a graphitized carbon column. Their molecular weights were measured by fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and the structures were established by methylation analysis, hydrolysis with glucoamylase to the known compounds, three positional isomers of diglucosyl-beta CD, and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Cyclodextrins↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of cigarette smoking on ocular circulation chronic effect on choroidal circulation].

The effects of long-term smoking on choroidal circulation were studied. For this purpose, Wistar rats were made to inhale mainstream smoke for 30 minutes daily. After periods of inhalation (16 weeks and 25 weeks), choroidal blood flow (CBF) was measured by the hydrogen clearance method and the index of choroidal vascular resistance (systolic tail arterial pressure/CBF) was calculated. There was no significant difference in CBF between either smoking group (16 weeks and 25 weeks) and controls. However the index of choroidal vascular resistance increased significantly after inhalation of smoke for 25 weeks. No histopathological abnormalities were detected in the choroid and outer layer of the retina. The results suggested that long-term smoking might induce disturbance of choroidal circulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Pulmonary hemodynamics and home oxygen therapy in patients with chronic respiratory failure].

The authors examined pulmonary hemodynamics with respect to underlying diseases, severity and type of chronic respiratory failure, and the incidence and effect of home oxygen therapy (HOT) in 155 patients with chronic lung diseases (old pulmonary tuberculosis (OTB) 45, chronic pulmonary emphysema (CPE) 54, chronic bronchitis (CBR) 42 and fibrosing lung disease (FLD) 14). They underwent right heart catheterization during a stable period, while breathing room air. The arterial PO2 ranged from 64.3 +/- 9.7 Torr (CBR) to 69.9 +/- 10.0 Torr (CPE), and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure ranged from 17.3 +/- 4.6 mmHg (CPE) to 20.6 +/- 5.4 mmHg (OTB). The incidence of pulmonary hypertension (PH, PA mean greater than or equal to 20 mmHg) was 53.3% in OTB, 40% in CBR, 35.7% in FLD, 23.8% in CPE, 69% in respiratory failure, 40% in quasi-respiratory failure, and 2.1% in non-respiratory failure. The percentage of patients who received HOT was 84.5% in respiratory failure and 54.1% in quasi-respiratory failure. Comparing Type I with Type II chronic respiratory failure, the incidence of PH was lower in the former than the latter (38.3% vs 80.6%), whereas HOT was applied to an equal percentage of patients (67.4%) in both groups. The effect of HOT was evaluated in 11 patients with chronic respiratory failure. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 22.7 +/- 4.7 mmHg before HOT, and decreased to 20.7 +/- 5.6 mmHg after 24.5 +/- 10.1 months of HOT. Although this difference was not significant statistically, this result suggests the desirable effect of HOT on pulmonary hemodynamics.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Dietary sodium concentration modifies catecholamine release with stress in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

A high sodium diet increased the plasma norepinephrine (PNE) only in resting spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR on either a high or low sodium diet showed a greater increase in arterial pressure (AP) than Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) with foot shock (FS). However, neither a high nor low sodium diet enhanced the increment of AP in both SHR and WKY with FS. Only a low sodium diet enhanced the increment of PNE and plasma epinephrine in SHR with FS. Extreme restriction of sodium intake might thus enhance the response of sympathetic activation with stressful stimuli.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Relationship between blood pressure and left ventricular mass in male patients with essential hypertension.

We performed retrospective study of the relationship between the severity and duration of hypertension and echocardiographically-detected left ventricular hypertrophy (echo-LVH) in patients with untreated essential hypertension. The subjects consisted of 92 untreated essential hypertensives who were observed for more than 5 years from the onset of diastolic hypertension (greater than or equal to 95 mmHg), and whose left ventricular (LV) mass index was measured at the end of the observation period. On the basis of the frequency of diastolic hypertension during the observation period, the population was categorized in 3 groups. In Group I (32 cases), diastolic hypertension was observed in more than 80% of blood pressures obtained throughout the entire observation period. In Group II (38 cases), diastolic hypertension was observed in 33 to 80% of the observation period. In Group III (22 cases), diastolic hypertension was observed in less than 33% of the observation period. The average diastolic blood pressure during the entire observation period in each group were 101.0, 96.0, and 90.7 mmHg in groups I, II, and III, respectively. The LV mass index was significantly higher in groups I (114.6 g/m2) and II (105.3 g/m2) than in group III (90.7 g/m2) (p less than 0.01). The prevalence of echo-LVH (more than 121 g/m2) was 34.4%, 18.4%, and 4.8% in groups I, II, and III, respectively. The average diastolic blood pressure in patients with echo-LVH (99.3 +/- 5.1 mmHg) was significantly higher than in patients without echo-LVH (95.7 +/- 4.7 mmHg). We concluded that the degree and duration of diastolic pressure elevation are closely correlated to the LV mass index.

Blood Pressure↗