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Biomedical subjects

K Hübner

Publications and source records attributed to K Hübner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Autopsy findings in AIDS--a histopathological analysis of fifty cases.

Fifty consecutive AIDS autopsy cases were evaluated. All subjects showed one or more opportunistic infections and malignancies included in the AIDS case definition with cytomegalovirus and Kaposi's sarcoma being most prevalent. Mycobacterial and cryptococcal infections occurred only infrequently. Most patients of our series after successful treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or cerebral toxoplasmosis later succumbed to less treatable conditions like disseminated cytomegalovirus or fungal infections or malignant lymphoma. In the absence of specific treatment for the HIV infection leading to these lethal complications special emphasis must be put on the prevention of HIV transmission and spread.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

In-situ hybridisation with HBV-cDNA as a sensitive method for the diagnosis of hepatitis B infection in persistent acute hepatitis.

Liver biopsies of 97 patients with persistent acute hepatitis, a morphologically distinct form of hepatitis with only slightly elevated transaminase values, were screened immunohistochemically for HBs and HBc, and with in-situ hybridisation for HBV DNA. Besides the 37 in part inconstantly immunohistochemically-positive patients, 47 others showed exclusively cytoplasmatic HBV DNA, localizing at least the major part of the replication of viral DNA to the cytoplasm of liver cells. A diffuse distribution pattern of HBV DNA-positive liver cells was accompanied by stronger morphological changes than focally accentuated positivity. In HBc-positive cases, distribution of HBV DNA corresponded mainly to the cytoplasmic type of HBc.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Morphological changes after intra-arterial chemotherapy of the liver.

The livers of twenty patients given intra-arterial chemotherapy to treat malignant tumors of the liver or liver metastases, were examined histologically. The results show that cytostatic chemotherapy primarily affects tumor cells, but also causes toxic damage to liver tissue. Besides necrosis of single cells or groups of cells and cholestasis in about one-third of the cases sclerosing cholangitis is a major complication. After chemoembolization, which produces a more marked therapeutic effect with regard to tumor necrosis, extensive necrosis of liver tissue, arteries, bile ducts, and nerves is most conspicuous. Nevertheless, in view of the positive therapeutic effects observed, intra-arterial chemotherapy is recommended for palliative therapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1986

An approach to reduce the number of skin samples in testing the transdermal permeation of drugs.

Although glyceryl trinitrate (GT) is a drug that easily permeates through skin, the variations in its transepidermal fluxes were high. The arithmetic mean of the GT flux (n = 31 skin samples from different individuals) was 16.5 micrograms cm-2 h-1 with a standard deviation of 42%. The extreme values were 4.1 and 36.9 micrograms cm-2 h-1, i.e. they differed by a factor of 9. Wide variations were also found for ephedrine, frusemide, caffeine, ethacrynic and benzoic acids and especially trospium chloride. All these fluxes were determined in an in-vitro permeation model at 32 degrees C using human epidermis. With the aim of standardizing epidermal preparations on their permeability, the extent to which the in-vitro GT fluxes through a human epidermal preparation correlate with those of other compounds was evaluated. The resulting standardization procedure consisted of two interactive parts: the correlation of the flux of a test-substance with that of GT using epidermal samples from three donors and estimating the minimum, mean and maximum flux of the test compound and quantitation of the transepidermal permeation of the test compound with those standardized epidermal preparations by calculating the GT standard coefficient defined by the slope of the line derived from the relation between GT flux units and the corresponding flux from the test compound.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Gallstone dissolution with ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with chronic active hepatitis and two years follow-up. A pilot study.

Chemical dissolution of cholesterol gallstones using ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in six patients with histologically confirmed HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis was started after a minimum of one year of therapy with steroids, azathioprine, or chloroquine and a treatment-free period of 8-15 months. The treatment with UDCA lasted 3-20 months with a daily dose of 8-11 mg/kg. Four patients served as controls. A decrease in transaminases (P less than 0.05) occurred in all patients during the UDCA therapy. After completion of the treatment, the figures rose again, but did not return to the initial value. The stones dissolved in five patients. A second liver biopsy was carried out in two patients after UDCA therapy, and this showed no detectable deterioration. Four patients refused biopsy because the laboratory parameters had improved under UDCA. A stone recurred in one patient six months after the end of therapy; the others have remained free of stones for up to 24 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Biopsy and autopsy frequency of myocarditis].

Mononuclear infiltrations indicative for myocarditis were found in 3 out of 171 left ventricular biopsies from patients with cardiomyopathies (1.2%). One patient had a normal EF, one had a minimally and one a markedly reduced ventricular function. Among 5,804 consecutive necropsies myocarditis was diagnosed in 308 cases (5.3%). 1.3% were septic in origin while mononuclear infiltrations were found in 3.7% and special morphology in 0.3%. Combined detailed analysis both of clinical and autopsy data could be performed in 84 patients who had died in our own hospital. 82 patients had severe additional diseases determining clinical symptoms and course. Myocarditis without other underlying diseases was found in 2 patients only. Infiltrations were widespread and diffuse in both ventricles and atria in these cases. Myocardial inflammation could not be diagnosed from clinical parameters (X-ray, symptoms, ECG) in any case. Our bioptical data demonstrate that myocarditis does not play a major role in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathies. Diffuse myocarditis of clinical relevance rarely occurs in adults while focal myocardial infiltrations can be found in a majority of diseases. Reliable clinical symptoms indicative for inflammatory myocardial disease could be found neither in cases with concomitant nor in patients with diffuse myocarditis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

Investigations on the toxicity of bile salt solutions, Capmul 8210 and a bile salt-EDTA solution for common bile duct perfusion in dogs.

The following perfusion media for dissolving bile duct calculi were infused via a cutaneobiliary tube into the biliary tract of 12 mongrel dogs: 4.3% cholate solution, 0.34% chenodeoxycholate solution, Capmul, GMOC (special formulation of Capmul), BA-EDTA and 0.9% saline. Infusion lasted 50 h. Postmortem examination revealed hemorrhagic, partly phlegmonous cholangitis, acute duodenitis, necrosis and abscesses in the liver. The lesions were most pronounced after the cholate solution and with Capmul and GMOC, but were only detected to a slight extent after BA-EDTA and the chenodeoxycholate solution. 0.9% saline had no side effects. The investigations could demonstrate that it is the very irrigation media that today are recommended for treatment of bile duct stones in patients, that cause considerable morphologic side effects. The alternating administration of an EDTA solution with a Capmul preparation may diminish local toxicity of the latter.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Somatostatin-containing cells in the extrahepatic biliary tract of humans.

We investigated the presence of endocrine cells in the human extrahepatic biliary system using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Twenty gallbladders obtained during operations for cholelithiasis, large portions of three common bile ducts obtained during Whipple's procedure for carcinoma of the head of the pancreas, and 155 endoscopic transpapillary biopsy specimens taken during control endoscopy from patients who had had a previous endoscopic sphincterotomy were examined. Somatostatin-containing cells were found in the glandular epithelium of the ampulla of Vater and the bile ducts. Only the surface epithelium in the ampulla contained endocrine cells. All somatostatinlike immunoreactivity was confined to cells and could not be detected in nerves. No somatostatinlike immunoreactivity was found in the gallbladder. These findings reveal a morphologic basis to reported actions of somatostatin on bile flow.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1984

Biochemical and morphological investigations of the toxicity of a Capmul preparation and a bile salt-EDTA solution in patients with bile duct stones.

Seventeen patients with bile duct calculi were treated alternately with a preparation of glycerol octanoate and a bile salt-EDTA solution via a nasobiliary tube. Of 14 patients (group I), it was necessary to operate on four immediately after irrigation therapy, success resulted from this conservative therapy in eight (57%) cases and two were unchanged. Laboratory investigations showed a decrease in zinc and copper concentrations in the serum. Of the patients 50-60% suffered from vomiting and diarrhea. For three patients (group II), there was an interval of 6-26 days between the end of the therapy and operation. Histological findings in the patients in group I and II subjected to operation included acute ulcerative and chronic inflammation in gallbladder and common bile duct walls. Since the alterations were of minor degree in four of the seven patients who subsequently underwent surgery the risk of irrigation therapy seems to be acceptable.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Diagnosis of varicose veins using Doppler ultrasound in the practice].

The unidirectional doppler technique has become indispensible for the modern phlebologic practice. Throughout this instrument, the exact degree of severity of the varicosis (level I-IV) as well as the localisation of perforating veins can be easily determined. Possible circulatory disturbances of arteries may also be detected without difficulty.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Therapy of leg ulcers with disodium cromoglycate (DNCG)--case reports ].

For the first time in Germany DNCG was tested in a pilot study for local treatment in ten patients (nine with chronic venous insufficiency, one with an arterio-venous insufficiency) with leg ulcers. Complete healing was achieved in three patients. One of these patients was the above mentioned with the combined arterio-venous insufficiency. Another four patients with larger ulcers showed marked ulcer decrease on treatment. DNCG was generally well tolerated. Due to local irritations the drug had to be withdrawn in three patients. On account of these positive therapeutic results it seems indicated to perform controlled comparative clinical trials.

Adult↗