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Biomedical subjects

K Hübner

Publications and source records attributed to K Hübner.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The morphology and clinical significance of pathologic changes of the adrenals and hypophysis in AIDS].

A semiquantitative morphometric technique (point counting) was applied to the pituitary and adrenals taken at necropsy from 130 AIDS patients (4 women, 126 men, mean age 39 [22-71] years) to ascertain the nature, extent and location of the pathological lesions. Abnormalities were found in 32% of the pituitaries and 76% of the adrenals. Only 17 patients had normal findings in both organs. The predominant lesions were due to opportunistic infections or infiltration by Kaposi's sarcoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The commonest finding was necrotizing cytomegalovirus adrenalitis (n = 68); in one third of the cases this had caused severe destructive lesions involving over 50% of the parenchyma. The almost total destruction of the adrenals noted in some cases suggests that cytomegalovirus adrenalitis may run a progressive course; its clinical significance has hitherto been underestimated.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Identification of EBV-DNA in lymph nodes from patients with lymphadenopathy and lymphomas associated with AIDS.

Fourteen examples of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and four of Hodgkin's disease in patients with AIDS as well as lymph nodes exhibiting changes related to the lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS) from 11 HIV-positive individuals were studied for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome both by in situ DNA hybridization and blotting techniques. Both methods were performed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material. All the NHLs were of high malignancy and all but one were of the B-cell type. Of the four examples of Hodgkin's disease, two were lymphocytic predominant, one of mixed cellularity and one of the nodular sclerosing variety. The lymph nodes of patients with LAS were mostly stage I with marked follicular hyperplasia. In 7 of the 14 NHLs the presence of EBV-DNA was clearly demonstrated by dot-blotting and by in situ hybridization. All lymph nodes from the patients with LAS and AIDS-related Hodgkin's disease were negative for EBV by dot-blot and in situ hybridization assays. We conclude that EBV plays a role in the development of AIDS-related lymphomas, but the fact that half these lymphomas are EBV-negative suggests that other mechanisms such as polyclonal stimulation of B-cells by HIV products may also be important.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1990

Mouse monoclonal antibody directed against hepatitis B virus X protein synthesized in Escherichia coli: detection of reactive antigen in liver cell carcinoma and chronic hepatitis.

A mouse monoclonal antibody directed against the protein product of the hepatitis B virus X open reading frame was prepared. This antibody was used to screen liver tissue sections from patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) and patients with liver cell carcinoma (LCC). Reactive antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in about 30% auf the samples from CH patients and in about 80% of the samples from LCC patients regardless of whether tumor or surrounding nontumor tissue was analyzed. A predominant localization of the antigen in the cytoplasm was observed. In liver sections of CH patients the presence of HBx or HBx-related protein appeared to correlate with the presence of the classical viral antigens HBs- and/or HBcAg. A similar correlation was not found in liver or tumor tissue samples from LCC patients. The occurrence of X-monoclonal-antibody-reactive protein (Xarp) at a low frequency in liver tissue from patients without hepatitis B virus related disease suggests that Xarp in some cases may not be identical with the putative viral X antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Effects on bone marrow during stimulation of hematopoietic stem cells with recombinant human interleukin-3].

Bone marrow aspirates and biopsies of 20 patients with malignant tumors (n = 6), bone marrow failure due to chemotherapy (n = 4), myelodysplastic syndromes (n = 5) and aplastic anemia (n = 5) were analysed before and after treatment with recombinant human interleukin-3. rhIL-3 led to increased overall bone marrow cellularity with trilinear stimulation of hematopoietic cells. In all patients marked eosinophilia and, in some, fibrosis was observed. These results show that rhIL-3 stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent hematopoietic progenitor cells and may contribute to the treatment of bone marrow failure.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1990

[In vitro and in vivo effects of recombinant human interleukin-3 on hematopoietic progenitor cells].

As part of a phase I/II clinical trial with recombinant human Interleukin-3 (rhIL-3), bone marrow and peripheral blood cells from patients treated with rhIL-3 were assessed in vitro for effects on the cycling status and frequencies of erythroid, myelomonocytic and multilineage progenitor cells. Treatment with rhIL-3 induced a pronounced increase in S-phase rate of BFU-E, CFU-GEMM and day 14 CFU-GM. Circulating CFU-GEMM and day 14 CFU-GM were increased on day 7 of therapy whereas circulating BFU-E were reduced in the majority of patients. After i.v. bolus injection of IL-3 an acute effect on the peripheral blood count with neutrophilia and, after an initial nadir, monocytosis was observed. IL-6 serum-levels increased in 5 out of 14 patients after IL-3 administration with concomitant side effects in 2 patients in whom IL-6 levels increased above 75 pg/ml. In the majority of the patients a stimulation of peripheral leukocytes and platelets was observed during the 15 day treatment course. In conclusion rhIL-3 induces a multilineage response in vivo by stimulating proliferation of hemopoietic progenitor cells with a resulting elevation in peripheral blood counts.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1990

[Comparison of HIV-associated dyshemopoiesis in myelodysplastic HIV-negative patients].

Bone marrow biopsies of 23 HIV-1 infected patients and 29 patients with myelodysplastic disorders were examined histologically by immuno- and enzyme-histochemical techniques and morphometrical methods. The nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) were demonstrated and visually counted. Hypercellularity in marrows of AIDS patients is substantially caused by an increase of erythropoiesis and CD68+ macrophages/reticular cells. However, hypercellularity in preleukemia results from hyperplasia of all hematological cell lines and CD68+ bone marrow macrophages/reticular cells. AgNOR count is positively correlated with granulo- and erythropoiesis in preleukemia. In AIDS there is such a positive correlation between AgNOR count and granulopoiesis whereas an inverse relationship appears in erythropoiesis. The results suggest that HIV-associated bone marrow alterations differ from merely reactive changes and are related to myelodysplastic disorders.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Differences in the skin surface pH and bacterial microflora due to the long-term application of synthetic detergent preparations of pH 5.5 and pH 7.0. Results of a crossover trial in healthy volunteers.

Skin cleansing preparations consisting of identical synthetic detergents but differing in pH-value (pH 5.5 and 7.0) were applied twice daily on the forehead and forearm of healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover trial. The skin surface pH was found to be significantly higher when the neutral preparation had been used, as was the propionibacterial count (p less than 0.05). The number of propionibacteria was significantly linked to the skin pH. Hence even minor differences in the pH of skin cleansing preparations seem to be of importance for the integrity of the skin surface. This should be taken into account when planning the formulation of optimal skin care products.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ursodeoxycholic acid in primary biliary cirrhosis: results of a controlled double-blind trial.

We studied the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on 18 women and 2 men with primary biliary cirrhosis, mainly stages I and II. After a 3-mo observation period, patients were randomized to a 9-mo treatment period with ursodeoxycholic acid, 10 mg/kg.day, or placebo. Two patients on placebo left the study. In all patients on ursodeoxycholic acid, mean values of serum glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase fell significantly by 48%-79% after 18-24 wk; 7 of 10 showed a mean decrease of 35% in immunoglobulin M after 24 wk. Prothrombin time, serum bilirubin, albumin, the antipyrin breath test, and plasma disappearance of indocyanine green were normal initially and did not change. Total serum bile acid concentrations increased; ursodeoxycholic acid became the predominant bile acid. No significant improvement occurred in the placebo group. Hepatic histology improved in 6 patients of the ursodeoxycholic acid group but deteriorated in 4 patients receiving placebo. In studies with erythrocyte membranes, changes in electron spin resonance revealed that ursodeoxycholic acid was less toxic than chenodeoxycholic or deoxycholic acid, and coaddition of ursodeoxycholic acid prevented their toxic effect.

Deoxycholic Acid↗
PubMed1988

[Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)].

A 32-year-old homosexual with AIDS, who until 1985 was a frequent traveller to South America and mediterranean countries, had recurrent bouts of fever, splenomegaly, arthralgias as well as granulocytopenia and anaemia. Liver and bone-marrow punctures were performed to exclude malignant lymphoma and (or) a mycobacterial infection. Both biopsies revealed Leishmania donovani. During administration of sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) the fever disappeared for a time and there was clinical improvement, but further treatment was limited because of thrombocytopenia. In patients with AIDS who have splenomegaly with nonspecific fever, visceral leishmaniasis must be considered in the differential diagnosis even outside of endemic regions.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Disseminated visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

The case of an AIDS patient with visceral leishmaniasis diagnosed by bone marrow and liver biopsy is reported. Despite the infrequent association between HIV infection and leishmaniasis pathologists and clinicians alike should be alerted to the possibility of leishmaniasis occurring as yet another opportunistic infection in the setting of HIV-induced immunodeficiency.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Fibrosing alveolitis after combined radio- and chemotherapy. A case report].

A nineteen year old female patient with Hodgkin's disease of the mixed type was treated with sequential radio- and chemotherapy according to the ABVD-regimen. Following this treatment, symptoms of fibrosing alveolitis developed which were resistant to treatment and led to death. The analysis of clinical and pathological findings revealed a causal relation between the combination of polychemotherapy and irradiation of the thorax. This underscores the necessity of strong selection and supervision of patients in the case of combined radiotherapy of the thorax and chemotherapy, especially with adriamycin and bleomycin.

Adult↗