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Biomedical subjects

K Furuya

Publications and source records attributed to K Furuya.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Concentrations of metal elements in mouse organs after intratracheal administration of coal fly ash.

Size-density fractionated coal fly ash particles, 1-5 microns in diameter and 2.4-2.8 g/cm3 in density, were administered to mouse lungs intratracheally. The change in the concentrations of metal elements in the lungs, kidneys, livers and spleens was measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy up to 16 weeks after administration. In the lungs, each elemental concentration increased 1 week after administration and decreased thereafter with time after administration. For example, the concentrations of Al were 1018 +/- 272 micrograms/g tissue at 1 week and decreased thereafter to 556 +/- 177 micrograms/g tissue at 16 weeks after administration. The concentrations of Ca, Mn and Ni decreased more rapidly than the other elements, suggesting that Ca, Mn and Ni were dissociated from the alumino-silicate matrix of the fly ash particles in the lungs. In the kidneys, the concentration of Ni significantly increased at 2, 8 and 16 weeks after administration; the concentration of Ni showed an increase of 0.4 +/- 0.2 micrograms/g over the control mouse at 16 weeks after administration. In the livers, increased concentrations of Ca and Mn were observed at 2, 4 and 16 weeks. On the other hand, no changes in the concentrations of these elements were observed in the spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Generation of 28 sequence-tagged sites (STSs) from yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) clones anchored at human chromosome 21q22.1 region.

Twenty-eight sequence-tagged sites (STSs) were newly generated from the DNA sequences of vector-insert junctions from yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) anchored at chromosome 21q22.1 region. The insert DNAs adjacent to vector arms were specifically amplified through inverse PCR method to clone into pUC19 vector for sequencing. Sixty DNA junctions from 44 CEPH YAC clones were cloned and sequenced. Of these DNA sequences of junctions between vector-arms and DNA inserts, twenty-eight STSs were finally obtained to show the accurate amplification, which is specific for human chromosome 21. The sets of 28 STSs were useful to build fine YAC contigs by STS-mediated YAC walking at the 21q22.1 region.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Histologically verified cerebral aneurysm formation secondary to embolism from cardiac myxoma. Case report.

Multiple aneurysm formation secondary to an embolism from the cardiac myxoma is a well-known phenomenon. The cerebral arterial aneurysm formation process involved remains to be elucidated, although occupation of the arterial wall by tumor cells has been proven histologically. The authors present the case of a patient in whom tumor cells in the aneurysm wall were demonstrated and penetration of viable myxoma cells into the wall was also observed 19 months after surgical removal of the cardiac tumor. Such findings have never before been verified histologically. In light of the histological findings, the authors discuss the therapeutic problems associated with cerebral aneurysms resulting from cardiac myxoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Trachyspic acid, a new metabolite produced by Talaromyces trachyspermus, that inhibits tumor cell heparanase: taxonomy of the producing strain, fermentation, isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activity.

Trachyspic acid, a new metabolite that inhibited heparanase, was isolated from the culture broth of Talaromyces trachyspermus SANK 12191. Its structure was deduced from NMR spectral analyses and chemical reactions as a tricarboxylic acid derivative containing a spiroketal. The IC50 value of trachyspic acid against heparanase was 36 microM.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed1995

Human alveolar echinococcosis seroprevalence assessed by western blotting in Hokkaido.

To investigate the recent prevalence of human alveolar echinococcosis in Hokkaido, we took advantage of Western blotting analysis capable of classifying persons infected with Echinococcus multilocularis into two groups: the complete and incomplete types. From the geographic distribution, the residents with the complete type appeared for the first time in 1992 in the Oshima district (western Hokkaido). The age distribution indicated that persons with the complete type increased, since 1990, in the age groups younger than 30 years old.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Mechanisms of adaptation to hypoxia in energy metabolism in rats.

BACKGROUND: Oxygen supply to the tissues is needed in the early postoperative period to meet the energy requirements for maintaining cellular activity. This study was done to investigate energy metabolism in rats during hypoxia in order to determine the mechanism underlying the acclimatization of energy production to oxygen depletion. STUDY DESIGN: Wistar rats were divided into two experimental groups: hypoxic and normoxic, which were supplied with 10 and 21 percent oxygen for 20 hours, respectively. At the end of the experiment, blood and hepatic tissue samples were taken to determine endocrine and metabolic responses to hypoxia. Energy expenditure during hypoxia was also evaluated. RESULTS: Hypoxia resulted in marked increases in blood concentrations of triglycerides, free fatty acids, catecholamines, and corticosterone. Hypoxia marked by depressed resting energy expenditure and respiratory quotient, and produced a stable hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level. The cytosolic redox state, represented by the ratio of lactate to pyruvate concentrations in the liver, and the arterial ketone body ratio declined during hypoxia. With hypoxia, an increase in alanine and decreases in glutamine and glutamate levels in the liver were observed. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that hypoxia depresses energy expenditure, which leads to a normoxic level of hepatic ATP. Fat is a main metabolic fuel during hypoxia. Hypoxia leads to the development of a pathway that shunts pyruvate and glutamate to alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate, allowing efficient energy production.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1995

[Pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials dissociated vertical deviation].

We recorded pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (P-VEP) from dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) patients to evaluate the sensory system abnormalities in DVD. 91 DVD patients with good visual acuity were studied. Normal subjects and horizontal strabismic patients without DVD were compared for evaluation. Transient and steady state P-VEPs were recorded from three EEG electrodes placed on the posterior scalp. Half-field checker-board reversal stimulation was applied to stimulate monocular temporal retina and responses from right and left hemispheres were also compared for evaluation. Paradoxical lateralization was observed in all normal subjects. Abnormal P-VEPs were observed in 4 of 20 (20%) horizontal strabismic patients without DVD when employing the transient stimulation method and in 2 of 8 (25%) when using steady state stimulation. Abnormal P-VEPs were observed in 31 of 67 (46.3%) DVD patients, with the transient stimulation method and in 20 of 25 (80.0%) DVD patients with the steady state stimulation method. The abnormalities were various and diverse. Our observations indicate that DVD patients frequently have an abnormal sensory system detected by P-VEP, and DVD might be a complex and multi-origin condition involving both sensory and motor systems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Results after cemented total knee arthroplasty: a follow-up study over 5-to-14 years].

Eighty-five cemented total knee arthroplasties were followed for five to fourteen years (mean 7.8 years). The clinical evaluation was excellent or good in 85% of this series. However, a complication developed in 15 knees (17.6%), and two thirds of these complications were found in the patello-femoral joint. One further case developed an infection (1.2%), and four others (4.7%) developed an aseptic loosening. Over all, 8 cases (9.4%) required revision surgery. Asymptomatic wear was seen to progress in some implants involving thin polyethylene, although their clinical results were rated as excellent. The outcome of the cemented knee arthroplasties was considered as acceptable at present, but improved surgical techniques and measures against polyethylene wear are required for future improvement in this surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Gait analysis of hemiplegic patients by measurement of ground reaction force.

Ground reaction force during walking was measured and analyzed in 58 patients who had been hemiplegic for more than 6 months. Utilizing the impulse (area between a component curve and the baseline) as an assessment value, several parameters were selected to represent the characteristics of each component curve (vertical, fore-aft and lateral) of the ground reaction force, and correlated with the degree of motor recovery in the patients. As a result, a high correlation was found between these parameters and the degree of motor recovery, indicating that ground reaction force well reflects the degree of motor recovery, which is highly correlated with the gait ability of hemiplegic patients. This evaluation method would also be very helpful for objective and quantitative estimation of the gait of hemiplegic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Reevaluation of protective effect of mild hypothermia on brain ischemia following massive bleeding].

Mild hypothermia was speculated to have protected the brain from ischemic damage attributed to hypotension in two patients who had suffered massive bleeding. One patient developed hypotension below 40 mmHg of systolic pressure for 2 hr 30 min during hemi-hepatectomy. The patient's body temperature fell spontaneously to 31 degrees C and was maintained at about 31 degrees C during hypotension because a large amount of cold blood and fluid were given. Another patient injured by traffic accident developed hypotension below 40 mmHg of systolic pressure for 30 min. The patient was placed in hypothermic state of 33 degrees C by surface cooling immediately after induction of anesthesia. After the completion of surgery, no neurological deficit was found in either patient. Mild hypothermia is a useful and valuable method for protecting the brain during accidental profound hypotension.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

A novel biological aspect of ovarian oxytocin: gene expression of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor in cumulus/luteal cells and the effect of oxytocin on embryogenesis in fertilized oocytes.

Recently, several authors have reported the existence of oxytocin (OT) in mammalian granulosa-luteal cells after ovulation. The purpose of this study was to examine the evidence for gene expression and localization of OT and OT receptor (OTR) in the cumulus cells surrounding the oocytes. Cumulus cells with mature oocytes were obtained from experimental and clinical in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) programs. OT and OTR gene expression was analyzed with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RT-PCR/single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). OT gene expression was detected in mouse and human cumulus cells. The results of RT-PCR/SSCP showed that the structure of OT mRNA in cumulus cells was similar to that in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, OTR gene expression was clearly demonstrated in human cumulus cells, and a weak positive signal was observed in human oocytes. Immunocytochemical staining of OTR was clearly detected in human cumulus cells. The rate of mouse blastocyst development was significantly higher in the group cultured with OT than that without OT. These results are the first observations of simultaneous OT and OTR gene expression in cumulus cells, suggesting that ovarian OT might have some physiological role in the early stage of embryo development.

Animals↗