Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Fujisawa

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujisawa.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Application of nicotin amide-adenine dinucleotide analogs for clinical enzymology: alcohol dehydrogenase activity in liver injury.

The activities of alcohol dehydrogease(ADH) in serum and in the subcellular fractions of rat liver were determined with n-amyl alcohol or ethanol as substrate and thionicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide as coenzyme. It was found that the enzyme's activity ratio on the amyl alcohol and ethanol(A/E value) of serum and on the particulate fractions of the liver were different, but the A/E value of the soluble fraction was similar to that of serum. The A/E value of the particulate fractions were higher than that of the soluble fraction. From the results of experimental liver damage in the rat, it seems that estimation of the A/E value of ADH activity in serum is a useful parameter for the diagnosis of active liver injury. Since the A/E values of patients' sera differed from those of the normal subjects, the estimation of the A/E value of serum may give diagnostic information on liver injury, especially in chronic liver injury.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1976

Carcinoembryonic character of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in primary hepatocellular carcinoma.

As a characteristic isoenzyme of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) has been detected in sera of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, which migrates to alpha-globulin region on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, biochemical studies on human fetal liver, Morris hepatoma (7316-A, 7794-A), and human hepatoma was carried out to elucidate its carcinoembryonic character. The highest distribution of the enzyme was found in particle fraction of human fetal liver as well as of Morris hepatoma, and an isoenzyme of gamma-GTP with the same electrophoretic mobility as detected in human hepatoma was obtained, which reflected to the pattern of the serum zymograms. Histochemically, the enzyme was distributed in plasma membrane of the fetal hepatocytes and Morris hepatoma cells, while it was distributed diffusely throughout the cytoplasm of human hepatoma cells. These findings may strongly suggest that gamma-GTP in hepatoma has a carcinoembryonic character and the detection of a serum isoenzyme in the alpha-globulin region is a quite diagnostic as well as the detection of alpha-fetoprotein in the field of neoplasma of the liver. The physicochemical and kinetic properties of the enzyme in human hepatoma were also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Regulation of chicken erythrocyte AMP deaminase by phytic acid.

AMP deaminase [EC 3.5.6.4] purified from chicken erythrocytes was inhibited by phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate), which is the principal organic phosphate in chicken red cells. Kinetic analysis has indicated that this inhibition is of an allosteric type. The estimated Ki value was within the normal range of phytic acid concentration, suggesting that this compound acts as a physiological effector. Divalent cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+ were shown to affect AMP deaminase by potentiating inhibition by lower concentrations of phytic acid, and by relieving the inhibition at higher concentrations of phytic acid. These results suggests that Ca2+ and Mg2+ can modify the inhibition of AMP deaminase by phytic acid in chicken red cells.

AMP Deaminase↗
PubMed1976

Sorbistin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic complex of bacterial origin. I. Production, isolation and properties.

A strain of a new Pseudomonas species produced the aminoglycoside antibiotic complex, sorbistin, which was separated by ion-exchange chromatography into three bio-active components A1, A2 and B, and two bio-inactive components C and D. Sorbistins A1, A2 and B showed moderate intrinsic activity against a wide range of bacterial species and inhibited most of the aminoglycoside-resistant organisms. Sorbistin A1 exhibited the highest activity among the three bio-active components. Sorbistins showed low order of acute toxicity in mice.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1976

Sorbistin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic complex of bacterial origin. II. Isolation and taxonomy of sorbistin-producing organism.

The sorbistin-producing organism Pseudomonas sorbicinii nov. sp. has been isolated from a soil sample by psychrophilic pre-incubation technique. The organism resembles P. fluorescens in many respects but differs in some of the important physiological characteristics such as oxidase production, media specificity for the production of fluorescent pigment, and carbohydrate utilization pattern. The type strain No. D946-B83, has been deposited under the numbers ATCC 31086 and FERM-P 3328.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1975

A clinical method for the determination of serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.

A simple, highly sensitive and reproducible method for the assay of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (EC 2.3.2-) activity is introduced, using gamma-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide as a substrate and glycylglycine as an acceptor in 50 g/l of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol. Serum transpeptidase activity was assayed in 1080 healthy adults, the normal mean value being 14.8 mU/ml. The diagnostic evaluation of the enzyme in various hepatobiliary diseases is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Some observations on the skeletal musculature of aged rats. Part 2. Fine morphology of diseased muscle fibres.

The ultrastructural changes seen in muscle fibres of aged rats have been studied and described in relation to the degree of fibre atrophy and to the involvement of the different fibre types. The ultrastructural abnormalities were classified into four different categories: (1) diffuse dilatation of sarcoplasmic reticulum, (2) streaming of Z-bands, (3) so-called myofibrillar degeneration, and (4) myofibrillar "homogenization". These are all, except (1), abnormalities which affect principally the contractile elements of the muscle fibre. The ultrastructural changes represent a chronic process. The abnormality most often encountered and hence the most important is myofibrillar degeneration. Of these four types of change, myofibrillar degeneration and myofibrillar "homogenization" may be degenerative in nature and lead eventually to the total dissolution of the muscle fibres involved. Smudging of Z-bands and diffuse dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, although occasionally diffuse and massive, were often found in otherwise normal muscle fibres and were rarely observed in severely atrophic ones. We therefore conclude that these latter two types of change are probably reactive in nature and are not ultimately lethal to the muscle fibres involved. Longitudinal sections of affected muscle fibres clearly showed that the morbid process involves a muscle fibre unevenly and not simultaneously over its entire length. Various stages of myofibrillar degeneration, for example, could be observed at the same time in different portions of one and the same muscle fibre. Streaming of Z-bands was observed exclusively in what appeared to be red fibres, while myofibrillar degeneration was observed predominantly in white or intermediate fibres. However some of these muscle fibres with myofibrillar degeneration could have been red fibres which had lost their mitochondrial population. Myofibrillar "homogenization" occurred in both red and white fibres. Other miscellaneous changes within muscle fibres are briefly described and discussed. Although the findings observed are in general non-specific in nature, the importance of neurogenic mechanisms is inferred. The occurrence of age-related ultrastructural alterations may have important implications in the study of muscle in general.

Aging↗