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Biomedical subjects

K Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujii.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Maltotriose and maltotetraose excreted in urine following intravenous administration of maltose to human volunteers.

To determine the extent of maltose excreted into the urine, sugar substances present in the urine following intravenous infusion of maltose were analyzed. Maltose, glucose, maltotriose and maltotetraose in the urine were detected by gas chromatography and identified by mass spectrometric analysis. The total amounts of sugar substances excreted after 10 per cent maltose solution given at three different infusion rates were calculated. The excreted amounts of maltotriose and maltotetraose increased in a dose and time dependent manner. As these compounds were not detected in the plasma either during or after the administration of maltose, the kidney probably plays a role in the biosynthesis of maltotriose and maltotetraose. Studies on the organ homogenates of the rabbit showed that the enzyme activity for the biosynthesis of maltotriose from maltose was mainly in the kidney. The glucose excreted into the urine probably originates from maltose catalyzed to glucose, mainly by the action of kidney maltase. As the rate of excretion of sugar substances increased in a dose dependent manner, adequate infusion rates of maltose should be less than 0.5 g/kg/hour.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Induction of tumors in transplacental or neonatal mice administered 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene or 4-aminoazobenzene.

The maximum tolerated dose of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene (3'-Me-DAB) or 4-aminoazobenzene (AB) was administered subcutaneously to pregnant ICR/JCL mice on days 15, 17 and 19 of gestation, or to neonatal mice. All animals were killed at 1 year of age. In the transplacental treatment, 3'-Me-DAB induced neoplastic lesions in liver and lung, but the incidence in mice treated with AB was not significantly different to that of the controls. Following neonatal treatment, mice treated with 3'-Me-DAB or AB developed neoplastic lesions of liver, lung and lymphoreticular tissues.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Tumor induction by a single subcutaneous injection of 1-butyl-1-nitrosourea or 1-butylurea in newborn mice.

A subcutaneous injection of 1-butyl-1-nitrosourea (BNU) at the maximum tolerated dose (333 mg/kg body wt.) to newborn CDF1 mice induced adenocarcinoma and adenoma of the lung, adenoma of the liver, thymic or non-thymic lymphoma and neurinoma of the acusticus nerve; the total incidence of tumors was statistically significant as compared with that of control. However, in the 1-butylurea (BU) mice, one adenoma of the lung was induced in a male mouse; the total incidence of tumor was comparable to that of control.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Vasorelaxing actions of molsidomine and its metabolites, in comparison with nitroglycerin.

The effect of a novel antianginal agent, molsidomine (N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-morpholinosydnonimine) (SIN-10) and its metabolites, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) and N-nitroso-N-morpholinoaminoacetonitrile (SIN-1A) on isolated dog blood vessels were investigated. SIN-1 and SIN-1A elicited a concentration-dependent relaxation of prostaglandin F2 alpha, contracted strips, while SIN-10 was without effect even in a concentration of 10(-4) M. The mean effective concentration (EC50) values of SIN-1A were much lower than SIN-1 and other vasodilators including nitroglycerin. The time course of relaxation was more rapid and transient in response to SIN-1A than to SIN-1. Adrenergic and cholinergic blocking agents did not affect the relaxing responses to SIN-1 and SIN-1A. SIN-1A also attenuated the norepinephrine-, KCl-, Ca2+-, or electrical transmural stimulation-induced contractile response, but SIN-1A increased the [3H]norepinephrine release from the adrenergic nerve terminals in response to transmural stimulation. Methemoglobin, which reportedly binds nitric oxide, or methylene blue, an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, attenuated the relaxing response to SIN-1A. These results indicate that the vasodilating action of molsidomine results from the direct action on the vascular smooth muscle and suggest that the action is caused by its metabolites, probably SIN-1A, which contains a nitric oxide-moiety in the molecule. The possible mechanism of vasorelaxing action of SIN-1A is discussed in comparison with that of nitroglycerin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Increased exercise tolerance after nitroglycerin oral spray: a new and effective therapeutic modality in angina pectoris.

The prophylactic antianginal efficacy of nitroglycerin (NTG) oral spray was assessed in 20 patients with angiographically documented coronary disease and stable angina pectoris. The evaluation was by a randomized crossover trial involving treadmill exercise testing. On study day 1, a control treadmill exercise test was performed, followed 30 minutes later by a second exercise test 2 minutes after administration of either placebo (group A, 10 patients) or NTG spray 0.8 mg (group B, 10 patients). One week later, on study day 2, the patients again underwent control treadmill exercise testing followed by a second exercise test after either NTG spray (group A) or placebo (group B). NTG spray delayed the onset of anginal pain during exercise by a mean of 100 +/- 64 seconds (p less than 0.001) in 13 patients and prevented pain entirely in seven. Placebo did not significantly delay the appearance of angina and prevented chest pain in only one patient. NTG spray increased treadmill exercise duration by 31% before the onset of angina (p less than 0.001); placebo did not significantly alter the duration of exercise. NTG spray abolished in six patients and delayed in 14 patients the onset of exercise-induced ST-segment depression of 1 mm (p less than 0.001). Patients achieved a higher heart rate at peak exercise with NTG spray, and yet the maximal exercise-induced ST-segment depression of 2.1 +/- 1.0 mm during the control study declined to 1.3 +/- 0.9 mm on NTG spray (p less than 0.001). Placebo had no effect on exercise ST-segment depression. These data indicate that the oral NTG spray is an effective prophylactic for exercise-induced angina.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Modulation of reflex activity of motor units in response to stretch of a human finger muscle.

Changes in stretch reflex responses were examined in two types of motor task, force control and position control, by applying a small quick stretch to the middle finger extensor digitorum communis (EDC) muscle at an unpredicted time and observing activities of single motor units. Subjects were asked to maintain a constant extending isometric force at the metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint for force control, and to maintain a constant middle finger position against an applied force for position control. No significant differences in the tonic activities of EDC motor units were seen between the two types of motor task when the same force was exerted about the MP joint. Tonic activities of the EDC muscle and its antagonists were thus similar for both types of motor task. Ten of the eighteen motor units investigated showed obvious reflex responses (increase in firing rate) with latencies of 30-60 msec after the stretch. This reflex response was greater for position control than for force control, given the same operating conditions of tonic force, finger position, and activities of motor units. Enhancement of the stretch reflex for position control was also observed in surface electromyograms of the same muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of 1-[3-[4-(diphenylmethyl)-1-priperazinyl]-propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2- one (oxatomide) on contraction of canine bronchial muscle].

Effect of oxatomide on contraction of canine bronchial smooth muscle caused by administration of histamine and by challenge of ascaris-antigen were investigated and compared against the effects of histamine H1-receptor antagonist (CPM) and inhibitor of histamine release from mast cells (DSCG). Oxatomide in concentrations of 0.05 microgram/ml to 2.0 microgram/ml inhibited, dose-responsively, contraction of bronchial smooth muscle strip by administration of histamine (10 micrograms/ml). When this concentration was less than 0.3 microgram/ml, CPM inhibited the contraction significantly stronger than oxatomide. However, in concentration over 0.5 microgram/ml, no difference in inhibitory effect could be demonstrated. On the other hand, DSCG could not inhibit the contraction. Oxatomide in concentrations of 0.05 microgram/ml to 1.0 micrograms/ml inhibited, dose-responsively, contraction of the muscle strip sensitized spontaneously by ascaris antigen challenges. There was no difference in inhibitory effect between oxatomide and DSCG at the same level of concentration. Oxatomide (0.5 microgram/ml) and CPM (0.5 microgram/ml) both inhibited completely the constriction response of bronchus caused by histamine stimulation (10 micrograms/ml). Although constriction response by ascaris antigen challenge was inhibited completely by oxatomide (0.5 microgram/ml), it could not be inhibited completely by CPM (0.5 microgram/ml). Oxatomide inhibited even the residual constriction response which could not accomplished by CPM. These results suggest that oxatomide might have not only an effect as a histamine H1-receptor antagonist and anti-histamine releasing agent from mast cell, but also anti-SRS-A.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Cefotaxime concentration in the prostatic tissue].

Concentrations of cefotaxime (CTX) in serum and prostatic tissue were studied in human and rat. CTX kept high level of 40 to 100 micrograms/g in prostatic tissue at least as long as 2 hours following intraperitoneal injection in a dosis of 100 mg/kg of body weight in rat. Patients intravenously injected of 1 g of CTX showed the activity of 6.8 +/- 4.1 micrograms/g in prostatic tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of Moristerol (anti-cholesterolemic agent) on benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Moristerol was orally administered in 20 cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy. One capsule of Moristerol contained 200 mg of soysterol . In all the cases, 9 capsules of Moristerol were given per day in three divided doses for 6 weeks. Clinical improvement was observed in 11 of the 20 cases (55%). It consisted mainly of subjective complaints such as improvement of dysuria, narrow and weak urinary stream and feeling of incomplete voiding. As objective findings, a statistically significant decrease of residual urine volume was noted after treatment, although shrinkage of the enlarged prostate was not clear upon palpation or roentgenography. In addition to the improvement of symptoms, serum lipid peroxide which might be considered to be a provocative cause of benign prostatic hypertrophy, was also significantly decreased by Moristerol administration. No marked side effects were seen in this study.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of cefotaxime in complicated urinary tract infections].

Fourteen cases with complicated urinary tract infection were treated with 2 g of cefotaxime for 5 days; in total doses of 10 g. Excellent or good results were obtained in 11 cases (78.6%) and no adverse reaction was observed. A curious finding was the development of eosinophilia in some patients. The causative mechanisms and clinical meanings of the phenomenon have not been clarified.

Adult↗