Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujii.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Excretion of trifluoroacetic acid as a metabolite of halothane in digestive juices.

The excretion of trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) in bile, saliva and gastric juice of two groups of guinea pigs with bile fistulae was measured by ion-chromatography during inhalation of halothane (0.25% and 1.0%) for two hours and after inhalation of halothane. In another two groups without bile fistulae, excretion of TFAA was measured in saliva and gastric juice during and after inhalation of same concentrations of halothane.The excretion of TFAA increased with time and showed the highest concentrations in the saliva. The highest excretion rate and cumulative amounts of excreted TFAA were observed in bile. The cumulative amounts of TFAA excreted into the bile, saliva and gastric juice was 4.85 +/- 1.87 micro mol, 0.89 +/- 0.62 micro mol, 0.11 +/- 0.06 micro mol, respectively, after inhalation of 0.25% halothane and 5.36+/- 2.29 micro mol, 1.50 +/- 0.59 micro mol, 0.25 +/- 0.19 micro mol, respectively, after inhalation of 1.0% halothane. The excretion of TFAA in bile and saliva was saturated after inhalation of the higher concentration of halothane. The excretion of TFAA into the gastric juice was higher with 1.0% concentration of halothane and in animals without bile fistulae. We concluded that TFAA a metabolite of halothane is excreted not only in bile but also in saliva and gastric juice. Biotransformation of halothane in salivary glands seems very likely. A small amount of TFAA excreted in bile enters the enterohepatic circulation. The excretion of TFAA in digestive juice seems to be controlled by a rate-limiting mechanism.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Salivary excretion of trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) after halothane anesthesia.

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) in the saliva, blood and urine after halothane anesthesia was determined by ionchromatography in surgical patients. The mean salivary concentration of TFAA was 1115.5 +/- 516.2 micro M on the 1st, 732.4 +/- 543.9 micro M on the 3rd and 406.6 +/- 258.7 micro M on the 7th post-operative day. The mean serum concentration of TFAA was 390.1 +/- 115.7 micro M on the 1st, 220.8 +/- 73.2 micro M on the 3rd and 133.8 +/- 84.8 micro M on the 7th post-operative day. The concentration of TFAA in saliva was approximately three times as high as that in the blood, but their time courses were almost parallel. The excretion of TFAA in urine changed in a similar manner. It was concluded from the findings that the salivary gland plays a role as one of the routes for the elimination of TFAA.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Mortality and histological findings of the brain during and after cerebral ischemia in male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Mortality and pathological changes of the brain during and after cerebral ischemia induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCO) were studied in male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Systolic arterial blood pressure at rest was significantly higher in male SHR (228 +/- 13 mm Hg, mean +/- S.E.M.) than female (192 +/- 12) (P less than 0.05). The average survival time during permanent occlusion was 11 +/- 6 h (mean +/- S.D.) in male SHR and 17 +/- 7 in female (P less than 0.005), though the cumulative mortality during 24-h ischemia was not different between male (88%) and female SHR (84%). Severe ischemic changes of nerve cells in the brain, especially in the cortex and hippocampus, were observed in 50% of male SHR at 3-h ischemia, while only 15% was observed in female SHR even after 7-h ischemia. After the temporary ischemia followed by reperfusion for 24 h, the mortality was varied between male and female SHR; 0, 31 and 100% after 1-, 3- and 5-h ischemia, respectively, in male SHR and 0% after 1- to 3-h ischemia and 33% after 5- to 7-h ischemia, respectively, in female. Ischemic changes of the brain tissue, such as acidophilic cytoplasm, nuclear degeneration and intercellular edema, were more frequent and severe in male SHR than female after recirculation following 3- or 5-h ischemia. It is concluded that the mortality and post-ischemic viability seem to be determined by the duration of ischemia and also by the degree of the neuronal damage, and female SHR is more tolerated for ischemic insult in comparison to male SHR.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Quantitative analysis of interstitial alterations in lupus nephritis.

Ninety-eight patients with lupus nephritis followed up for 3 years or more since initial biopsy were the subject of a qualitative and quantitative study of interstitial lesions. Thirty of the 98 patients showed interstitial cell infiltration and/or fibrosis. The initial and final creatinine clearance (Ccr) values were significantly lower in these 30 patients than in the remaining cases. Hypertension and progressive cases were more frequent in the group with interstitial lesions. Histologically, the severity and activity of glomerular lesions and IgG deposition in tubular basement membranes were more severe in the interstitial disease group. On a quantitative analysis of interstitial volumes (IV) in 20 of the 30 patients, there were significant differences in delta IV between the two respective groups with Ccr values greater than 80 ml/min and with those less than 80 both at the initial and final observations (p less than 0.05, each). Further, renal function was significantly lower in 11 cases showing delta IV greater than 17%, than in 9 cases with less than this (p less than 0.01). However, no differences in delta IV were found between the two groups divided according to the degree of severity and activity of glomerular lesions. Further, there was no correlation between renal function, and the severity and activity of glomerular lesions in the 20 cases with interstitial lesions. These results indicate that quantitative analysis is a very useful tool in the evaluation of the functional and prognostic significance of interstitial alterations in lupus nephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

A case of moyamoya disease with progressive involvement from unilateral to bilateral.

A case of Moyamoya disease in a child starting with unilateral lesion and developing into bilateral involvement is reported. Angiographic findings at onset showed unilateral involvement, hence, it was filed as a "probable" case according to the diagnostic criteria of the Japanese Cooperative Research Committee. The carotid angiograms, on the other side were totally normal. Three years later the occlusive lesion became bilateral, to meet the criteria as a "definite" case. Clinical manifestations, angiograms, electroencephalograms, and positron emission tomograms in this case are presented, and the relation between the probable and definite cases is discussed.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1988

Epithelial cells in symptomatic Rathke's cleft cysts. A light- and electron-microscopic study.

Epithelial cells composing symptomatic Rathke's cleft cysts were examined electron microscopically in two cases, and the fine structures were compared with those of the mucosa in the normal sphenoid sinus, of the normal choroid plexuses, and of a craniopharyngioma with goblet and ciliated cells. The Rathke's cleft cysts were composed of a single or pseudostratified epithelial layer abutting on the connective tissue. The epithelial cells were of four different kinds of cells, such as goblet, ciliated, flat, and basal cells. The flat cells containing bundles of tonofilaments and desmosomes were the squamous cells. They were present in a single-epithelial layer in both cases. The basal cells were present as small, wedge-shaped cells, even if the number was very small. The epithelial cells in Rathke's cleft cysts were more similar to those of the mucosa in the sphenoid sinus and those of a craniopharyngioma with goblet and ciliated cells than those of the choroid plexus. This study indicates the close relationship between Rathke's cleft cysts and mucosa in the sphenoid sinus or craniopharyngioma with ciliated and goblet cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Tumor induction in mice administered neonatally with 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole or 2-amino-dipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole.

The tumorigenic effects of 2 L-glutamic acid pyrolysates to ICR mice were studied. The newborn animals received subcutaneously either 2-amino-6-methyldipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-1) or 2-amino-dipyrido[1,2-a:3',2'-d]imidazole (Glu-P-2). The mice were observed for 1 year. The tumors of the lung and liver were induced. Statistical analysis revealed that the incidences of the lung tumor in the mice given Glu-P-1 or Glu-P-2 and that of liver tumor in the male mice given Glu-P-2 25 mg/kg body wt were significantly higher than those of controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Induction of angiogenic response by chemically stable prostacyclin analogs.

Angiogenic activities of several chemically stable prostacyclin analogs (isocarbacyclins and 7-fluoro prostacyclin) were evaluated by the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay. These compounds showed potent angiogenic activity at very low concentration (0.1 micrograms/egg 1.0 micrograms/egg), whereas naturally occurring prostaglandins such as prostacyclin and PGE1 were almost ineffective up to 1 microgram/egg. Pretreatment of chorioallantoic membranes with dexamethasone or indomethacin inhibited the angiogenic response induced by these chemically stable prostacyclin analogs. These results indicate that these prostacyclin analogs induce the angiogenic response of chick chorioallantoic membranes via a mechanism involving activation of inflammatory cells, as well as through their direct angiogenic activity.

Allantois↗
PubMed1988

Effects of two treatments on semen from different bulls on in vitro fertilization results of bovine oocytes.

The semen of six different bulls was used to examine the effects of treatment with caffeine or caffeine plus Ca-ionophre on in vitro fertilization, cleavage and development into morulae of in vitro matured bovine oocytes. In vitro fertilization results (formation of both pronuclei, cleavage and development to >or= four-cell stage were significantly (P<0.01) higher using caffeine plus Ca-ionophre than those using only caffeine. The rates of fertilization and first cleavage were only slightly variable among the bulls. However, the present data showed significant variability in formation of both pronuclei (36 to 75%) of fertilized ova and development to the >or=4 cell stage (39 to 71%) by different bulls. Development into morulae of ova recovered from the rabbit oviduct did not show any significant differences in relation to sperm treatments or individual bulls.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Suppressed histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells by ultraviolet B irradiation: decreased diacylglycerol formation as a possible mechanism.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on mast cell functions. Purified mast cells obtained from rat peritoneal cavity were irradiated with UVB and subsequently exposed to a degranulator, compound 48/80, or the calcium ionophore A-23187. The amount of histamine released from mast cells measured by the enzyme isotopic assay was significantly decreased by UVB irradiation (100-400 mJ/cm2). Within this dose range, UVB alone was not cytotoxic to the cells because it did not induce histamine release. The suppression was observed when mast cells were subjected to degranulation without intervals after UVB irradiation, and even after 5 h postirradiation. The wavelength of 300 nm from a monochromatic light source showed the maximum effect. When mast cells prelabeled with [3H]arachidonate were irradiated and challenged by compound 48/80, label accumulation in diacylglycerol produced by the phosphatidylinositol cycle was considerably decreased by UVB irradiation. From these results, we hypothesize that, within an adequate irradiation dose, UVB irradiation suppresses histamine release from mast cells, probably by causing noncytotoxic damage to the membrane phospholipid metabolism, which is tied to the degranulation mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hypersensitivity angiitis with granulomatous glomerulitis in a patient with preexisting IgA nephropathy.

Following a 6-year history of asymptomatic proteinuria and microhematuria, a 51-year-old man suffered from acute systemic eruption, liver dysfunction and acute renal failure immediately after developing a cold and taking drugs including piroxicam, aspirin and bristocycline. Renal biopsy revealed progressive IgA nephropathy associated with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis and granulomatous glomerulitis. Although the drug actually responsible for this condition was not defined, it is likely that drug-induced hypersensitivity angiitis with granulomatous glomerulitis was superimposed on preexisting IgA nephropathy in this patient.

Glomerulonephritis↗
PubMed1988

Evidence for adenosine triphosphate as an excitatory transmitter in guinea-pig, rabbit and pig urinary bladder.

1. The effects of alpha,beta-methylene ATP (alpha,beta-MeATP) on membrane properties and excitatory junction potentials (EJPs) were examined in smooth muscle cells of the guinea-pig, rabbit and pig bladder. 2. Intracellular recording with microelectrodes was used to record membrane electrical activity from the guinea-pig bladder. ATP (10(-3) M) produced a rapid, large depolarization with a marked increase in spike frequency, while carbachol (10(-4) M) or acetylcholine (ACh; 10(-4) M) produced only a small or no depolarization with a smaller increase in spike frequency. alpha,beta-MeATP produced a similar response to that of ATP but at a much lower concentration (5 x 10(-6) M), and the response was transient even in the continuous presence of this agent. 3. Changes in the membrane potential and conductance elicited by alpha,beta-MeATP were also measured with the double sucrose-gap method. alpha,beta-MeATP (5 x 10(-6) M) depolarized the membrane and increased the membrane conductance in all three species, but both parameters returned to control values during continuous exposure to this agent. 4. Intracellular recording with microelectrodes showed that in the guinea-pig bladder treatment with alpha,beta-MeATP abolished the response to ATP, while the response to ACh was unchanged. 5. With the double sucrose-gap method, EJPs were elicited by transmural nerve stimulation of strips of the guinea-pig, rabbit and pig bladder and had spikes superimposed, leading to contractions. Desensitization of P2-purinoceptors by alpha,beta-MeATP (3-5 x 10(-6) M) abolished the EJPs and spikes, and reduced the contraction. Atropine (10(-6) M) alone did not alter the EJPs but reduced the contraction. Combined application of both agents abolished the contraction. 6. It is concluded that in the guinea-pig, rabbit and pig bladder ATP is an excitatory transmitter with ACh and EJPs are mediated by ATP.

Acetylcholine↗