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Biomedical subjects

K Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujii.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of regurgitant blood flow by rapid cine magnetic resonance imaging in patients with valvular heart disease].

The clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluating regurgitant blood flow in patients with valvular heart disease was studied. The study subjects comprised three healthy volunteers and nine patients with valvular heart disease (aortic regurgitation 3, mitral regurgitation 2, tricuspid regurgitation 2, and pulmonary regurgitation 2). Five were men and seven were women, ranging in age from 31 to 85 years. Valvular heart disease was diagnosed by two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography. MRI was performed using a 1.5 tesla super-conductive magnet system (MAGNETOM, Siemens AG). A rapid MRI technique (fast low-angle shot [FLASH], flip angle = 30 degrees, TR = 65-90 msec, TE = 10-38 msec) was used to generate 11 frames throughout one cardiac cycle in the transaxial, coronal and oblique planes. These sequential frames were displayed in cine mode on a CRT. 1. Intracavitary blood was imaged as a high signal intensity on gradient echo images, while surrounding cardiac structures had somewhat lower signal intensities. 2. In healthy volunteers, systolic ejection blood flow from the left ventricle was observed on coronal images in the cine mode display. The influx of atrial blood into the left and right ventricles was also clearly observed on transaxial cine images. 3. Aortic regurgitant flow was observed as areas of no signal intensity within the left ventricular cavity during diastole on coronal images. 4. Mitral and tricuspid regurgitations were observed within the left and right atria, respectively, as areas of no signal intensity on transaxial images. The extent of regurgitant flow was determined in the vertical long-axis plane, equivalent to the right anterior oblique projection. 5. The vertical oblique scan was suitable for detecting pulmonary regurgitant flow. These results indicate that the rapid cine MRI technique is a useful tool for noninvasively determining regurgitant blood flow in patients with various valvular heart diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Inhibitory effect of paraquat on biotransformation of halothane in rabbit liver microsomes.

Microsomal fractions were prepared from the liver of rabbits to investigate the effects of paraquat (methyl viologen) on generation of metabolites of halothane under the optimal aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Halothane (CF3CHClBr) is known to undergo oxidative and reductive biotransformation in the hepatic mixed function oxidase system including cytochrome-P450 reductase and cytochrome P450. The results showed that paraquat inhibited generation of metabolites of halothane under these conditions. Generation of the aerobic metabolite, trifluoroacetic acid (CF3COOH), and anaerobic metabolites, 2-chloro-1, 1, 1-trifluoroethane (CF3CH2Cl) and 2-chloro-1, 1-difluoroethylene (CF2CHCl), were inhibited 50% by 4.96 mM and 35.3 mM paraquat, respectively. Possible mechanisms were speculated on to account for the inhibitory effects: one being the impaired formation of halothane-cytochrome P450 complex by addition of paraquat, and the other the diversion of electrons from cytochrome-P-450 reductase to generate active paraquat radicals. It is concluded that paraquat inhibits NADPH-dependent biotransformation of halothane catalyzed in mixed function oxidase system.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Tumor induction in mice administered neonatally with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine was given subcutaneously to neonatal ICR mice, and animals were observed for one year. The tumors of lung and liver, malignant lymphoma, and other tumors were induced. In the mice given DMH 30 mg/kg of body weight, two mice developed colonic tumor, and the incidence of colonic tumor was low.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine↗
PubMed1989

[Histopathological study of juvenile thyroid carcinoma].

We have examined 12 cases of juvenile thyroid carcinoma histopathologically. The characteristics uncovered of juvenile thyroid carcinoma have been summarized below. 1) The predominant histological type was a papillary carcinoma with abundant follicular components. Which was inclined to show trabecular and solid pattern. 2) The growth pattern was highly infiltrative, showing a frequent extrathyroidal extension, a wide intrathyroid spread, and a severe involvement of the lymph nodes. 3) Many psammoma bodies were observed frequently. 4) Remarkable lymphocytic infiltration was seen in the thyroid around the tumor, and in one case it resembled chronic thyroiditis. In addition, a case of a multicentric papillary carcinoma showed unusual histological features.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative study of in vitro diagnosis by the skinned fiber test and clinical diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia].

Skeletal muscles from twenty patients suspected of malignant hyperthermia during general anesthesia were examined with the skinned fiber test for abnormality in the Ca2+ release function of their sarcoplasmic reticulum, and the result was correlated with the classifications of the patients in accordance with the clinical criteria now used in Japan. Among them, fourteen patients were diagnosed as clinical malignant hyperthermia syndrome (fulminant syndrome: 4, abortive syndrome: 10). Three out of four fulminant cases showed potentiated Ca-induced Ca release mechanism of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in their skeletal muscles. The others including six patients not diagnosed as malignant hyperthermia were normal in the sarcoplasmic reticulum function. This suggests that the skinned fiber test has comparatively high sensitivity to fulminant malignant hyperthermia syndrome. The present paper discusses, based on the present results, the problems resulting from the difference in diagnostic concept between in vitro criteria by the skinned fiber test to detect a specific pathogenetical factor in the skeletal muscle of a single abnormality and clinical criteria to pick up a series of relatively non-specific symptoms and signs of a clinical syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Adverse reactions and intracranial contrast medium after myelography].

Correlation between adverse reactions and intracranial contrast media after myelography was studied. Myelography was carried out for 12 cases with metrizamide and 14 with iotrolan. In all patients, cranial CT scans were performed 18 approximately 22 hours after myelography. CT attenuation value of subarachnoid cistern was higher than the gray matter in 12 cases and lower in 14 cases. Six cases suffered from adverse reactions, but only 1 case belongs to the higher group. No correlation between adverse reactions and residual amount of contrast medium on CT was recognized.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Retrospective study of renal images on bone scans].

Renal images shown on 254 bone scans employing Tc 99m MDP were analyzed to evaluate the renal abnormalities. Among these cases, there were 43 cases of abnormal renal visualization. Of these abnormal cases, 27 cases were proved by laboratory data, radiographs, echograms, CT findings and autopsy records. 14 cases of renal abnormalities were presented; hydronephrosis due to ureteral obstruction (4 cases), renal dysfunction (3 cases), renal cell carcinoma (2 cases), contracted kidney (2 cases), nephrectomy (2 cases) and renal stone (1 case). Three cases showed super bone images with widespread metastatic lesions of malignant tumors. The remaining 10 cases were not revealed renal abnormalities from other clinical findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Determination by ion-exchange chromatography of trifluoroacetic acid as a biliary metabolite of isoflurane in the rabbit.

The optimal composition of eluant for trifluoroacetic acid (TFAA) analysis by ion-exchange chromatography was determined and a preliminary study to detect TFAA, a metabolite of isoflurane, in bile of rabbits during and after inhalation of isoflurane was made. The optimal composition of eluant for TFAA analysis by ion-exchange chromatography was determined to be a solution of 2mM Na2CO3 and 4mM NaHCO3. Rabbits were divided into 4 groups; A group: 1 hr inhalation of 2% isoflurane, B group: 2 hr inhalation of 2% isoflurane, C group: 2 hr inhalation of 3% isoflurane, and D group: 2 hr inhalation of 4% isoflurane. The maximum biliary TFAA concentration in groups A, B, C and D averaged 17.5 +/- 1.4 microM (mean +/- S.D.) at 105 min, 37.1 +/- 11.5 microM at 315 min, 54.5 +/- 9.4 microM at 585 min and 34.4 +/- 12.1 microM at 555 min after termination of inhalation. Cumulative excreted amounts of biliary TFAA for 20 hours were 746 nmols in A group (8 hours), 3,421 nmols in B group, 6,582 nmols in C group and 3,267 nmols in D group. Half-lives of biliary excreted TFAA were 63 min, 325 min, 478 min and 546 min, respectively. These results showed that ion-exchange chromatography is more convenient for detecting TFAA as a metabolite of isoflurane than isotachophoresis, gas chromatography, paper chromatography and thin layer chromatography and that TFAA was determined as a biliary metabolite of isoflurane in the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effect of halothane anesthesia on mesenteric intralymphatic pressure in the rat.

The effect of halothane on mesenteric intralymphatic pressure was examined in 20 rats. Following administration of 1.5% halothane, lymph pressure decreased from a control value of 7.6 +/- 1.5cmH20 to 3.8 +/- 1.8cmH20. On the other hand, a lower concentration of halothane (1%) did not alter lymph pressure. In conjunction with earlier findings, these data suggest further that lymph propulsion is suppressed during halothane (greater than 1.5%) anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

Effects of NSAID on collagen and proteoglycan synthesis of cultured chondrocytes.

Three major NSAID (tiaprofenic acid, indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid) were studied with regard to their effects on the biosynthesis and gene expression of collagen and proteoglycan of chondrocytes. We found that the biosynthesis of type 11 collagen was suppressed in 60-70% of the controls by either indomethacin or acetylsalicylic acid; tiaprofenic acid did not suppress collagen synthesis. Although the biosynthesis of proteoglycan was suppressed to 80-90% of the control by indomethacin or acetylsalicylic acid, tiaprofenic acid did not suppress proteoglycan synthesis. In order to investigate the gene expression of type 11 collagen and proteoglycan, dot blot hybridization was performed using type 11 collagen and proteoglycan cDNA. The effects of NSAID on the amount of type 11 collagen and proteoglycan mRNA were consistent with those on collagen and proteoglycan biosynthesis. Thus, we concluded that tiaprofenic acid has less effect on cultured chondrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[CT findings of bone metastasis].

Computed tomograms of 150 cases with bone metastasis of various malignant neoplastic diseases are reviewed. According to CT findings bone metastasis is classified into six types, namely osteoblastic, mixed, osteolytic with sclerotic rim, osteolytic with sclerotic center, osteolytic, and infiltrative. Presumably many bone metastases show initially osteoblastic type on CT, and change progressively to mixed type or osteolytic type. If chemotherapy or radiotherapy is effective for bone metastasis, CT demonstrates changes of inverse direction. In detection of bone metastasis CT is superior to radionuclide bone scan. To find out the bone metastasis CT of cancer patients must be evaluated with bone window.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Further studies on rat cathepsin E: subcellular localization and existence of the active subunit form.

The subcellular localization of rat neutrophil cathepsin E was examined by a modification of the method of N. Borregaard et al. [(1983) J. Cell Biol. 97, 52-61]. When the postnuclear cavitate of rat neutrophils was subjected to density centrifugation on discontinuous Percoll gradients, three particulate bands, P1 (lowest; azurophil granule rich), P2 (middle; specific granule rich), and P3 (highest; plasma membrane rich), were segregated. A combined application of immunochemical and electrophoretic methods revealed a striking difference in subcellular localization between cathepsin E and cathepsin D: Cathepsin E was associated with P3 and soluble fractions, and cathepsin D was chiefly associated with P1 and P2 fractions. The results thus indicate that cathepsin E is a nonlysosomal acid proteinase in rat neutrophils. It was found that cathepsin E existed in two enzymatically active molecular forms, referred to as CE-I and CE-II, in rat neutrophil extracts. To examine the relationships between the two forms, cathepsin E was purified to homogeneity from rat gastric mucosae. The purified enzyme exhibited a single protein band of 43 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, but electrophoresis without SDS, followed by visualization of activity in the gel, revealed two activity bands corresponding to CE-II and CE-I in neutrophil extracts. Pretreatment of the enzyme with beta-mercaptoethanol or dithiothreitol resulted in an increase in CE-I activity with a concomitant decrease in CE-II activity on gels. Upon gel filtration, the molecular weights of CE-II and CE-I were estimated to be 98,000 and 51,000, respectively, strongly suggesting that they are the dimeric and monomeric forms of the cathepsin E subunit.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Lymphocytic infiltration in juvenile thyroid carcinoma.

In this study, the significance of lymphocytic infiltration in juvenile thyroid carcinoma is clarified. We examined nine patients younger than 20 years of age. Histopathologically, there was good correlation between lymphocytic infiltration and the development and spread of carcinoma. It is believed that lymphocytic infiltration around the tumor is an immunologic reaction induced by antigens from the carcinoma itself, and also that the reaction may progress according to tumor development. Immunocytochemically, we determined what type of inflammatory cells infiltrated the thyroid and demonstrated HLA-DR expression in the cancer cells. These findings are similar to autoimmune thyroiditis in which antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) works as a main immunomechanism.

Adolescent↗