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Biomedical subjects

K Federlin

Publications and source records attributed to K Federlin.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Islands of Langerhans of cattle--potential donor tissue for clinical islet transplantation?].

A standard method for bovine islet isolation has been developed. The mean islet yield per gram pancreas obtained from the last twelve consecutive glands was 2,098 +/- 292 representing an insulin recovery of 36.1 +/- 6.5%. The static incubation of freshly isolated bovine islets in the presence of glucose resulted in a less distinct increase of insulin secretion than in the presence of free fatty acids. Nevertheless, xenotransplantation of bovine islets to immunosuppressed C57BL6J mice did reverse streptozotocin-induced diabetes for 2 to 6 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Islet transplantation in type II diabetes mellitus--model of the spontaneous diabetic Cohen rat].

The spontaneous diabetic Cohen-rat is one of the few animal models of the diabetes mellitus Type II (NIDDM). A spontaneous diabetic animal line and a diabetes-resistant line originated from a parental lineage by genetic selection with regard to the glucose tolerance on condition of feeding of a saccharose-rich and copper-poor diet. In each case 1000 islets of the diabetes-resistant line were transplanted in 28 animals of the diabetic line. Body weight, blood-sugar concentration, glucosuria, glucose tolerance, and the HbA1 were normalized after the transplantation. The serum levels of insulin and glucagon increased. These results emphasize etiopathogenetic importance of the islets of Langerhans in this animal model.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Borrelia infection and systemic lupus erythematosus].

A 39-year-old woman developed transient erythema and arthralgia in spring 1987. In June she had a tick bite followed by local erythema and later migrating skin changes. Furthermore she developed pain in various joints with Raynaud's phenomenon at the fingers, swelling of the knee joints and shoulder pain. Demonstration of antibodies against B. burgdorferi antigen was shown in one institution (IFL, Western blot) while the same serum in two other institutions remained negative (IHA, ELISA). Antibiotic treatment was only temporarily successful. While the demonstration of antinuclear factors could be attributed to cross-reacting antibodies in borreliosis failing effects of absorption of serum with this antigen led to the assumption SLE as the underlying disease. Further indications were lymphopenia, increasing titers of anti ds-DNA antibodies and renal involvement as erythrocyturia and proteinuria. Sudden relief of the symptoms after treatment with steroids may be taken as further prove for this assumption. The interference of both diseases and their similarity in symptoms may impede correct diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Bioactivity and pharmacokinetics of human proinsulin in comparison to human insulin after intravenous and subcutaneous injection.

The hypoglycemic actions of human insulin (1 IU/kg b.w.) and biosynthetic human proinsulin in about equimolar amounts were studied after intravenous and subcutaneous injection in rabbits. Blood samples were taken up to four hours after injection for the determination of blood glucose and immunoreactive levels of both insulin and human C-peptide. For the determination of human C-peptide, serum taken after proinsulin injection was divided into two fractions. One was examined directly by the human C-peptide radioimmunoassay and the other after incubation with a protein-A-sepharose coupled insulin antibody to find "free human C-peptide". Proinsulin in amounts equimolar to 1 IU insulin/kg b.w., exerted a 34% stronger hypoglycemic action after subcutaneous injection than after intravenous administration (area under curve estimation). Proinsulin-induced hypoglycemia did not last longer after intravenous administration than that induced by intravenous insulin. Although subcutaneous proinsulin did not show the same maximum decrease of blood glucose compared to subcutaneous insulin, its action was significantly prolonged (up to 180 min). Specific measurement of free human C-peptide showed no evidence of conversion of proinsulin to insulin and C-peptide.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Expression of interleukin 2 receptors in in vivo Epstein-Barr virus transformed B lymphocytes].

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) enhances the proliferation of in vivo Epstein-Barr virus-(EBV)-transformed B-cells from patients with a present or past history of infectious mononucleosis. In contrast, there is less expression of functional IL-2 receptors on EBV-transformed B-cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These results suggest differences in the involvement of B-cells in EBV-associated diseases.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

[Streptozocin-sensitized lymphocytes suppress the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of the islands of Langerhans].

Isolated islets of Langerhans (from C57Bl/6J mice) were either incubated with culture medium only or medium substituted by 1 mM streptozocin (SZ) and cultivated with lymphocytes (Ly) for seven days. Ly were isolated from the same mouse strain sensitized against SZ by 5 x 40 mg SZ per kg and day intraperitoneally or 1 mg SZ subcutaneously in vivo. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion rate was used as an indicator for the metabolic condition of islets. SZ-pretreated islets showed significantly decreased insulin secretion in the presence of Ly. The secretion capacity of untreated islets was not impaired.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Investigation of the prolonged hypoglycemic effect of human proinsulin in diabetes mellitus.

Human proinsulin possesses a clear hypoglycemic effect, the extent and kinetics of which were investigated in 8 insulin dependent diabetics. In addition, to adequate therapy with a controlled-release insulin, each patient received i.v. injections of insulin (e U) and proinsulin (9 U) on separate test days. After 9 U of proinsulin, the blood glucose decrease was delayed in comparison to 3 U of insulin. However, it reached identical maximum blood glucose decrease values. The elimination kinetics of proinsulin are delayed compared to insulin. There is a linear relation between the time and the reciprocal value of the measured insulin immuno-reactivity. The hypoglycemic effect of proinsulin which is protracted for hours corresponds to that of an extreme controlled-release insulin. Under certain conditions, proinsulin might therefore prove effective in the long-term treatment of the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Insulin therapy using a new injection device. Experience with 36 type I diabetics].

Thirty-six type I diabetics were switched from conventional insulin therapy to the basic bolus principle (combination of an ultralong-acting human insulin with preprandial old insulin administration) with a new injection device (NovoPen). In the observation period of four months, a better metabolic situation could be attained (HbA1c before switching 9.4%, after switching 8.41%; P less than 0.01) with approximately the same daily amount of injected insulin (before treatment 42.7 +/- 9.3 IU, after treatment 43.5 +/- 7.1 IU) in another distribution and with the injection device. All patients gave a positive appraisal of the handling and technique with the NovoPen. The new treatment principle is to be applied especially in patients with inadequate blood sugar values under conventional therapy as well as in diabetic secondary complications which require optimal compensation. Furthermore, this principle of treatment is also suitable for prevention of secondary lesions owing to diabetes. Under the precondition of more intensive attention of the patient to his metabolic disorder (self-checking of blood sugar, diabetes training), the basic bolus principle provides more freedom in daily routine and thus greater quality of life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Islet cell antibodies and viral infections.

The sera of 127 non-diabetic children after mumps-infection were investigated for the presence of islet cell antibodies and islet cell surface antibodies. The study also included 4 children who developed diabetes mellitus shortly after an active mumps vaccination. 21 of the non-diabetic children and four of the vaccinated children exhibited islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies. Islet cell surface antibodies were observed more frequently, namely in 43 out of 68 patients studied after mumps infection and in 32 out of 44 patients studied after different viral diseases. With one exception, none of the mumps-infected children and none of the other viral infected patients developed diabetes mellitus.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Islet cell antibodies, circulating immune complexes and antinuclear antibodies in diabetes mellitus.

Serum samples of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus were tested for complement-fixing and non complement-fixing islet cell antibodies, antinuclear antibodies and circulating immune complexes. There was no correlation between circulating immune complexes or antinuclear antibodies and secondary diabetic complications. A close relationship was found between the ICA titer and complement fixation of ICA. The incidence of ICA at the onset of the disease was higher in the patients under the age of 10 (85%) and decreased with increasing age up to 45% in patients with onset above age 20. In five patients being positive and four patients being negative for ICA at onset of disease, changes and fluctuations in antibody titers were observed over 38 months. Since manifestation of diabetes mellitus is believed to be an endpoint of a long lasting autoimmune process, our observations indicate that the autoimmune phenomena are merely indicators of ongoing autoimmune reactions not necessarily reflecting the state of autoaggression or islet cell destruction.

Adolescent↗