We retrospectively evaluated the clinical usefulness of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test as a chemosensitivity test, using 168 resected specimens of gastric cancer, with special reference to the correlation between the results of the SDI test and clinical effects of the corresponding chemotherapy. The rate of sensitivity of these tissues to DDP, CQ, ACR, MMC, ADM, and 5-FU were 63.5%, 54.2%, 47.4%, 42.9%, 31.4%, and 10.8%, respectively. Survival rates for patients with a positive chemosensitivity to MMC and postoperatively prescribed more than 20 mg of MMC were significantly better than those without sensitivity to MMC, even when treated with MMC, although no statistical differences existed in clinicopathologic factors between the two groups. We conclude that the SDI test for human gastric cancer is a rapid, reliable, and useful assay to determine the compatibility between the results of assay and the clinical effects of corresponding chemotherapy. We propose that the regimen of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy be tailored according to results of the SDI test, using tissues resected from individual patients.

Aclarubicin↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion with cisplatin in mice with peritoneal dissemination of B16 melanoma.

We designed a model of peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer in mice. B16 melanoma cells were injected into the peritoneal cavity of C57 BL mice, the object being to search for an effective treatment for peritoneal dissemination, using hyperthermia combined with cisplatin. Following the intraperitoneal administration of tumor cells, each mouse was subjected to continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) using the peritoneal cavity expander (PCE), with or without cisplatin in the perfusate under conditions of laparotomy. Effects of the therapy were evaluated, based on comparison of survival time between the control and treated groups. There was no prolongation of mean survival periods for the groups given CHPP, with or without cisplatin, compared to findings in the no treatment control group. Optimal timing and doses of hyperthermia and cisplatin, or adding biochemical modulators to enhance the effects of cisplatin, will need to be determined to increase the efficacy of CHPP, with or without the concomitant administration of cisplatin.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Renal vein to portal vein collaterals in three cases of renal cell carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava: consequences for chemoembolization.

Three patients with renal vein and inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombus from left renal cell carcinoma (RCC) showed Lipiodol deposits in the liver following selective SMANCS (styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin)/Lipiodol embolization of the renal tumors. In 2 of the 3 patients, renal-portal communications were demonstrated during selective renal arteriography. In 1 of these patients, considerable liver dysfunction occurred after the second renal chemoembolization and Lipiodol deposits persisted in the liver for about 1 month. We conclude that these anastomoses need to be considered prior to embolization therapy of patients with RCC and tumor thrombus in the renal vein and IVC. Sclerosing substances or larger particles may be better embolic agents in such patients.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A new 3-D diagnosis strategy for duodenal malignant lesions using multidetector row CT, CT virtual duodenoscopy, duodenography, and 3-D multicholangiography.

Recent advances in multidetector row computed tomography (MD-CT) technology provide new opportunities for clinical diagnoses of various diseases. Here we assessed CT virtual duodenoscopy, duodenography, and three-dimensional (3D) multicholangiography created by MD-CT for clinical diagnosis of duodenal malignant lesions. The study involved seven cases of periduodenal carcinoma (four ampullary carcinomas, two duodenal carcinomas, one pancreatic carcinoma). Biliary contrast medium was administered intravenously, followed by intravenous administration of an anticholinergic agent and oral administration of effervescent granules for expanding the upper gastrointestinal tract. Following intravenous administration of a nonionic contrast medium, an upper abdominal MD-CT scan was performed in the left lateral position. Scan data were processed on a workstation to create CT virtual duodenoscopy, duodenography, 3D multicholangiography, and various postprocessing images, which were then evaluated for their effectiveness as preoperative diagnostic tools. Carcinoma location and extent were clearly demonstrated as defects or colored low-density areas in 3-D multicholangiography images and as protruding lesions in virtual duodenography and duodenoscopy images. These findings were confirmed using multiplanar or curved planar reformation images. In conclusion, CT virtual duodenoscopy, doudenography, 3-D multicholangiography, and various images created by MD-CT alone provided necessary and adequate preoperative diagnostic information.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intact PTH-producing hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transcatheter arterial embolization.

We report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma with hypercalcemia. There was no evidence of bone metastasis or increase in parathyroid hormone-related protein. The serum level of intact parathyroid hormone (intact PTH) was very high, and the results of the hepatic venous sampling suggested that the tumor produced intact PTH. Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization effectively controlled the humoral hypercalcemia.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Non-Marfan idiopathic medionecrosis (cystic medial necrosis) presenting with multiple visceral artery aneurysms and diffuse connective tissue fragility: two brothers.

Two brothers with multiple visceral artery aneurysms or dilatations and diffuse connective tissue fragility who did not have clinical features of Marfan syndrome are reported. One presented with retroperitoneal hemorrhage during angiography, and idiopathic medionecrosis was proved by resection of the aneurysms. These cases belong to the heterogeneous group of Marfan syndrome. The angiographical features (multiple dilation of visceral arteries) suggests fragility of connective tissue and is predictive of hazards during and after a catheterization and operation.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Partial renal embolization for pediatric renovascular hypertension secondary to fibromuscular dysplasia.

We report a 7-year-old boy with renovascular hypertension showing multiple stenoses and microaneurysms of the dorsal branch of the left renal artery caused by fibromuscular dysplasia. Hypertension was successfully treated with transcatheter alcohol and gelatin sponge embolization of the dorsal branch and its distribution. The vertebral branch remained intact. No severe complication was encountered. Loss of renal function by renal scintigraphy was minimal. The patient remains asymptomatic at 1 year.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MRI and scintigraphic features of extraabdominal desmoid tumors.

To determine whether extraabdominal desmoid can be correctly diagnosed using both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and scintigraphy with pentavalent technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid and gallium-67 citrate, MRI (T1- and T2-weighted images) and scintigraphy were performed in 18 patients with 27 histologically proved extraabdominal desmoid tumors. The extraabdominal desmoid tumors were characterized by positive uptake of pentavalent technetium-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid and lack of uptake of gallium-67 citrate on scintigraphy. These tumors were isointense to skeletal muscle on T1-weighted MRIs and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. They also displayed septum-like internal inhomogeneity and surrounding hypointense capsular band. The combination of scintigraphy and MRI is of value in correctly diagnosing extraabdominal desmoid tumors except in the rare case of fibrotic verylow-grade sarcoma.

Desmoid Tumors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of [11C]KF17837, a selective adenosine A2A antagonist.

An 11C-labeled selective adenosine A2A antagonist, (E)-8-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-1,3-dipropyl-7-[11C]-methylxanthine ([11C]KF17837), was prepared by reaction of (E)-8-(3,4-dimethoxystyryl)-1,3-dipropylxanthine and [11C]methyl iodide with decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 19-50%, radiochemical purity of > 99%, sp. act. of 17-100 GBq/mumol and preparation time of 20-25 min. In mice, the myocardium showed the highest (13.4% ID/g) at 5 min after i.v. injection, which decreased gradually with time. The specific myocardial uptake was visualized by gamma-camera. In the brain region the radioactivity level was higher in the A2A receptors-rich striatum than in the cortex and cerebellum. The specific striatal uptake in rats was clearly demonstrated by PET. These results have shown that [11C]KF17837 is a potential PET radioligand for mapping the adenosine A2A receptors in the heart and brain.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neuroreceptor bindings and synaptic activity in visual system of monocularly enucleated rat.

PURPOSE: To study the changes in the distribution of postsynaptic benzodiazepine (BDZ) and presynaptic adenosine A(1) (AA(1)) receptors in the superior colliculus (SC) and visual cortex (VC) of rats following monocular enucleation. METHODS: The right eyes of 6-week-old Long-Evans rats were enucleated and ex vivo autoradiography was performed on the SC and VC obtained at different times up to 8 weeks after the enucleation. [14C]deoxyglucose was used to detect glucose metabolism, and [11C]flumazenil and [1-methyl-(11)C]8-dicyclopropylmethyl-1-methyl-3-propylxanthine ([11C]MPDX) were used to map BDZ and AA(1) receptors, respectively. The receptor-specific binding for 11C was determined, and 11C and 14C activities were evaluated separately in the same tissue by a double tracing method. RESULTS: The uptake of [14C]deoxyglucose in the SC was depressed immediately after enucleation and gradually recovered. The binding of [11C]flumazenil to BDZ receptors in the contralateral SC was increased at week 2, and then returned to the pre-enucleation levels. The uptake of [11C]MPDX by the AA(1) receptors in the contralateral SC decreased by about 67% on day 5 after enucleation and remained low thereafter. In the contralateral VC, the uptake of [14C]deoxyglucose decreased immediately after the enucleation followed by a gradual recovery, whereas the uptake of [11C]flumazenil and [11C]MPDX was not altered. CONCLUSIONS: The axon degeneration related decrease of the AA(1) receptor density resulted in a transient up-regulation of postsynaptic BDZ receptor density in monocularly enucleated adult rats. These results suggest that these radioligands can be used to study the distribution of the postsynaptic BDZ and presynaptic AA(1) receptors in the visual system and can probably be applied to the human visual system for positron emission tomography.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A novel bifunctional metabolizable linker for the conjugation of antibodies with radionuclides.

A novel heterogeneous bifunctional reagent containing an ester bond, N-[[4-(2-maleimidoethoxy)-succinyl]oxy]succinimide (MESS), was designed and synthesized for the conjugation of antibodies with the gallium-67 (67Ga) chelate of succinyldeferoxamine (SDF) via the ester bond. MESS was synthesized by the acylation of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)maleimide with succinic anhydride, followed by the activation of the resulting carboxylic acid to a succinimido ester. MESS possesses a maleimide group for protein conjugation and an active ester group for deferoxamine (DFO) coupling, and the two functional groups are linked via ester bonding. Conjugation of 67Ga-SDF with nonspecific human IgG was performed by reacting freshly thiolated IgG with the reaction product of MESS and DFO, followed by 67Ga labeling of the resulting conjugate using GaCl3 (67Ga-DFO-MESS-IgG). For comparison, 67Ga-DFO conjugated nonspecific human IgG with a nonmetabolizable linkage was synthesized under the same conjugation conditions as those for 67Ga-DFO-MESS-IgG, using a nonmetabolizable heterogenous bifunctional reagent [N-[(6-maleimidocaproyl)oxy]succinimide, EMCS] instead of MESS (67Ga-DFO-EMCS-IgG). HPLC size-exclusion chromatography of both preparations showed a single radioactivity and UV peak corresponding to the intact IgG. Generation of 67Ga-SDF from the 67Ga-DFO-MESS-IgG was demonstrated by reverse-phase HPLC analysis and cellulose acetate electrophoresis after the incubation of 67Ga-DFO-MESS-IgG in a buffered solution containing carboxyesterase. After injection of 67Ga-DFO-MESS-IgG into mice, faster radioactivity clearance from the blood and less radioactivity accumulation in the liver, kidney, and spleen was noted than when 67Ga-DFO-EMCS-IgG was injected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗