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Biomedical subjects

K E Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to K E Andersen.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cost benefit of patch testing with textile finish resins.

Eleven years experience of textile finish resin patch testing of suspected textile dermatitis patients revealed 15 cases of allergic textile dermatitis among 428 patients tested. Ten of the 15 patients had a relevant positive patch test to one or more of a limited series of textile finishes; 1 was negative and 4 were not tested with textile finishes. All 15 patients were formaldehyde sensitive. No unexpected, relevant, positive textile finish resin patch test was found. In this study a negative patch test to formaldehyde virtually excluded allergic contact dermatitis from textile finishes.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1982

Occupational irritant contact folliculitis associated with triphenyl tin fluoride (TPTF) exposure.

Triphenyl tin fluoride (TPTF) is a bioactive organo-tin compound used in concentrations 2-12% as anti-foulants in boat paints. The chemical is moderately toxic to the skin. An occupational irritant contact folliculitis from TPTF in a marine paint plant worker is described. Contact allergy was excluded by patch testing. An attempt to reproduce the follicular reaction in man, rabbit and guinea pig was unsuccessful.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Skin irritation caused by propylene glycols].

Propylene glycol is used in foods, medicine and cosmetics because it is a good solvent which has, simultaneously, moisture-regulating, antiseptic, and preservative effects. Propylene glycol may produce eczematous skin reactions of toxic and, more rarely, of allergic nature. Positive patch test reactions to propylene glycol are difficult to interpret. Allergic reactions may be confirmed by a clear clinical relevance, repeated local skin provocation (usage test), or oral provocation. In the Department of Dermatology, University of Oregon, 84 patients were patch tested with 100% propylene glycol. Five of 12 patch test-positive patients had allergic reactions while seven had irritant reactions. In the Department of Dermatology, Gentofte Hospital, 248 consecutive eczema patients were patch-tested with propylene glycol in concentrations of 100%, 20%, and 2% in water. Two of five patients with positive reactions to patch tests showed an itchy eczematous eruption after oral provocation with 15 ml propylene glycol. Skin reactions due to propylene glycol are rare and should not bring the preparation into unnecessary discredit. The possibility of propylene glycol allergy should be recognized by dermatologists as propylene glycol is used in local steroids and other topical preparations.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Calcium transfer during intermittent peritoneal dialysis.

Calcium transfer during intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD) was studied in four groups of patients with chronic renal failure. Group I dialyzed with a dialysis fluid concentration of 2.16 mmol/l. Group II dialyzed with the same calcium content, but with a hyperosmotic solution. Group III dialyzed with a high calcium concentration, 4.47 mmol/l in dialysis fluid and in group IV the patients dialyzed 5 cycles against a calcium-free solution followed by 5 cycles with normal calcium content. In the first three groups a significant rise in serum total calcium and ionized serum calcium took place. At balance studies a positive net transfer of calcium from dialysis fluid to blood was demonstrated, the largest transfer occurring in group III. High osmolality in dialysis fluid is of no importance for the calcium transfer. In group IV a significant fall in serum total calcium during the first 5 cycles was removed. The loss of albumin to the dialysate did not affect the calcium transfer as well as the changes in serum albumin and pH did not influence the calcium state during IPD.

Albumins↗
PubMed1981

The role of chronic peritoneal dialysis in management of end-stage renal disease.

An analysis of the management of end-stage renal disease during a seven-year period from a nephrologic centre serving a population of about 1 million points to the increasingly important role of chronic peritoneal dialysis. Whereas peritoneal dialysis previously was used mostly on acute indications, it is now accepted as alternative long-term therapy on a par with haemodialysis. During the study period there was a rise in the total number of dialyses concomitant with lower frequency of renal transplantation. In the last year, however, a dialysis plateau seemed to be reached, and peritoneal dialyses amounted to about 30% of the total. The prospects for chronic peritoneal dialysis are discussed and the recently presented method of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is mentioned. A prominent place in the future management of end-stage renal disease is predicted for chronic peritoneal dialysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacokinetic comparison of seven 8-methoxypsoralen brands.

The pharmacokinetics of seven 8-MOP brands were evaluated in 7 volunteers using an incomplete bloc design. After a single oral dose the 8-MOP plasma level was followed for 3 hours. The plasma concentration was measured with a gas chromatographic - mass spectrometric method, using an isotopic dilution technique. The different brands could be divided into three groups. Two gave a high maximum concentration, four a medium, and one a low concentration. The large interbrand variation observed in this study can explain the variations in the results of the treatment and the differing numbers of joules required to clear the patients in various PUVA centers.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Catheterography in the diagnosis of catheter failure in peritoneal dialysis.

A total of 43 catheterograms were performed on 29 patients receiving treatment by chronic peritoneal dialysis. Thirteen of the catheterograms were carried out because of localized abdominal pain thought to originate from the catheter tip. In 6 of these cases catheter malposition was the cause of pain. Twenty-eight catheterograms were carried out because of one-way obstruction of the catheter. Envelopment by omentum of the distal part of the catheter was found to be the cause of malfunction in 8 cases. Catheter malposition either alone or in combination with blockage of the end hole and/or side holes caused malfunction in another 8 cases. Of the 28 catheters with one-way obstruction 15 (53%) could be preserved after repositioning and cleaning; the remaining 13 had to be changed. Total obstruction of the catheter was the indication for catheterography in 2 cases, and both catheters had to be changed. Catheterography is a simple and painless procedure which should be carried out when a patient on chronic peritoneal dialysis develops localized abdominal pain, or in the event of catheter malfunction.

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1980

Pharmacokinetic and clinical comparison of two 8-methoxypsoralen brands.

We compared the Danish 8-MOP brand Meladinine with the Austrial brand Oxsoralen because of our discouraging result with PUVA in treating psoriasis. Nine healthy volunteers participated in the investigation. The plasma level of 8-MOP was measured by a gas chromatogrpahic-mass spectrometric method using isotopic dilution technique. The level obtained with Oxsoralen was on the average 5.8 times higher than that with Meladinine.

Fasting↗
PubMed1980

Serum enzyme levels during initial peritoneal dialysis.

Serum creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were studied at initial peritoneal dialysis in two groups of patients with renal failure. In Group I the patients underwent no intracorporeal interventions other than the implantation of a permanent catheter for peritoneal dialysis. In Group II the patients received injections or infusions in addition to the insertion of the catheter. CK was found to be significantly raised in Group II as a result of the injections or infusions. ASAT and ALAT were within normal range for both groups. LDH was significantly raised in Group II, probably to be explained by the degree of severity of the renal disease. It is concluded that the implantation of a permanent catheter for peritoneal dialysis and the institution of peritoneal dialysis do not per se lead to a rise in the serum concentrations of the enzymes CK, ASAT, ALAT, and LDH.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The guinea-pig: an animal model for human skin absorption of hydrocortisone, testosterone and benzoic acid?

14C ring-labelled hydrocortisone, testosterone and benzoic acid dissolved in acetone were applied to the backs of guinea-pigs (4 microgram/cm2). Percutaneous absorption was quantified by following the excretion of tracer in urine and faeces for 5 days. Absorption of hydrocortisone and benzoic acid was 2.4% (s.d. = 0.5; n = 3) and 31.4% (s.d. = 9.1; n = 3) of the applied dose respectively, similar to published human absorption data. Testosterone was absorbed to a greater extent in guinea-pigs (34.9% +/- 5.4; n = 5) than man. A thioglycollate based depilatory cream significantly increased the skin absorption of testosterone, while the absorption velocity was unaltered. Two analytical methods were compared, direct counting versus wet ashing; results were in the same range for the three compounds. Two methods of quantifying skin absorption were compared; urine recovery corrected for incomplete urinary excretion after parenteral administration versus the addition of urine and faecal recovery. For benzoic acid, excreted mainly in the urine (88.1%), the two methods gave similar results; for testosterone, excreted in the urine to a lesser extent (46.8%), the method of addition of urine and faecal recovery appeared to be more correct.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cumulative irritancy in the guinea pig from low grade irritant vehicles and the angry skin syndrome.

A 4-week open cumulative irritancy test in guinea pigs discriminated between two low grade irritant vehicles, nonionic base (anhydrous) and hydrophilic ointment. The procedure might be useful as a predictive test for low grade irritants. The angry skin syndrome was established in the guinea pigs by one Freunds complete adjuvant intradermal injection on day 0, or by daily open applications of 10% sodium lauryl sulfate in petrolatum to the neck area of the animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

An indirect haemagglutination test for demonstration of gonococcal antibodies using gonococcal pili as antigen. II. Serological investigation of patients attending a dermato-venereological outpatients clinic in Copenhagen.

A total of 1223 serum specimens were obtained from 649 consecutive patients attending a dermatovenereological out-patient clinic in Copenhagen with a request for venereal disease control. The sera were examined for gonococcal antibodies by both a gonococcal complement fixation test (GCF) and an indirect haemagglutination test using gonococcal pili as antigens (IHA). The diagnosis of current gonococcal infection in 28 per cent of the patients was based on positive culture for Neisseria gonorrhoeae from one or more of the following sites: urethra, rectum and fauces in all patients, and/or cervix in female patients. The specificity, sensitivity and predictive values of positive and negative test results were calculated for the various groups of patients on the assumption that all positive results, both in patients without gonorrhoea but with a previous gonococcal infection and in patients without known current or previous infection, were false positives. The following values were found: Sensitivity: IHA 45-100%, GCF 6-29%. Specificity: IHA 65-89%, GCF 97-100%. Predictive value of positive test result: IHA 43-74%, GCF 69-100%. Predictive value of negative test result: IHA 78-100%, GCF 61-85%.

Adolescent↗