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Biomedical subjects

K Deguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Deguchi.

378 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Chemical characterization of the serum very low density and high density lipoproteins from bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.

The chemical properties of very low density and high density lipoproteins of adult bullfrog serum were determined. This serum contained extremely low levels of both very low density lipoprotein (10-30 mg/100 ml) and high density lipoprotein (5-10 mg/100 ml). The constituents of very low density lipoprotein, on a weight percentage basis, were found to be 48.1% triglyceride, 17.3% cholesterol ester, 8.8% cholesterol, 11.6% phospholipid, and 12% protein. These constituents were also present in high density lipoprotein with weight percentage values of 3.7%, 19.3%, 11.9%, 25.2%, and 36.8%, respectively. The fatty acid compositions of the triglycerides, cholesterol esters, and phosphatidylcholine were quite similar in the very low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein. However, shingomyelin fatty acid composition was appreciably different in the two lipoproteins. Disc gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels produced patterns with one major (approximate molecular weight, 7,000) and several minor bands for the apoprotein of very low density lipoprotein and one major (approximate molecular weight, 28,000) and several minor bands for that of high density lipoprotein.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[In vitro examination on antibacterial activities of broad-spectrum antibiotics against gram-negative clinical isolates (author's transl)].

In vitro studies were undertaken on clinically isolated strains of various bacteria to examine the antibacterial activity of ampicillin (AB-PC), carbenicillin (CB-PC), sulbenicillin (SB-PC) cephalothin (CET), cefazolin (CEZ) and gentamicin (GM). Fifty three % of Escherichia coli strains 53.3% of Citrobacter sp., 80% of Proteus mirabilis, 42.9% of Morganella and 80% of Bacteroides sp. were susceptible (MIC being not higher than 12.5 mug/ml) to AB-PC. The eight other species were not so susceptible to this penicillin. CB-PC and SB-PC were almost as effective as AB-PC against Escherichia coli and Citrobacter sp. They were less active against Klebsiella sp., but more active against Enterobacter sp., Serratia sp., indole-positive Proteus group and Pseudomonas sp. than AB-PC, SB-PC was more effective than CB-PC against Pseudomonas sp. The strains of Pseudomonas sp. which were resistant to higher concentrations of CB-PC and SB-PC were pyocyanine-negative strains. All strains (100%) of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp. and Citrobacter sp. were susceptible to CET and CEZ, while none of Enterobacter sp. , Serratia sp., Proteus vulgaris. Morganella, Rettgerella, Providencia and Pseudomonas sp. were susceptible to these cephalosporins. The MICs of CET and CEZ against Bacteroides sp. were moderately low. Some strains of Providencia and Alkaligenes sp. were resistant of GM but the other 10 species were not resistant to this antibiotic, though it showed comparatively high MICs against Bacteroides sp. When seen from the MIC distribution of each antibiotic, there was a tendency that the strains isolated from the pus were more resistant than those isolated from the other sources (urine, sputum and bile).

Ampicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma thrombomodulin values and hepatorenal function in the elderly.

To define the clinical significance of plasma thrombomodulin (TM) values in elderly, we examined plasma TM in healthy young subjects, healthy elderly subjects and patients with cerebral infarction sequelae. We also studied the relationship with effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and with the liver's protein-production ability. The TM values of healthy elderly subjects were higher than those of healthy young subjects. There existed an inverse correlation between TM values and ERPF. Accordingly, high TM values might significantly influence renal arteriosclerosis. From the inverse correlation identified between TM and serum cholinesterase, it was estimated that high TM might appear in conjunction with the liver's protein production ability. Patients with cerebral infarction showed higher plasma TM values. It is thought that angiopathy has been maintained in patients as the anamnesis of cerebral infarction even though it occurred in the past. The TM values of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were higher than those without it. Moreover, the TM values of patients with DM complicated by retinopathy were higher than those uncomplicated by retinopathy. It is therefore estimated that increased TM might occur with angiopathy resulting from DM. A possibility thus exists that plasma TM could be utilized as one of the markers for endothelial injury.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving symptoms of senile dementia by a night-time spa bathing.

In our medical and welfare facilities, many patients with senile dementia require aid in taking a bath. In most institutions, patients usually take a bath in the daytime within the working hours of the staff. However, most of these patients used to take a bath in the evening or at night at their homes. Some patients even fall asleep after daylight bathing. Thus, we studied the stabilizing effects of night-time spa bathing on symptoms associated with dementia. Ten patients (two male and eight females, aged 75-88) in special nursing institution for the aged, were enrolled in this study. They were all assessed as +4 on the Karasawa's clinical criteria for grading dementia. For 9 weeks, night-time spa bathing was performed at 18:00-19:00 twice a week. Except for the night-time spa bathing period, the bathing hour was 14:00-15:00 as usual. The observations of symptoms including restlessness, wandering and aggression were carried out ten times daily along with those on sleeping condition five times daily, to compare symptoms and conditions during 2 weeks of baseline daytime bathing periods, 9 weeks of night-time bathing periods and 2 weeks of daytime bathing periods, totaling 13 weeks. The results showed that sleeping conditions were ameliorated in more than 60-90% of the subjects. Their sleeping conditions began to improve 2 weeks after the start of night-time spa bathing with a remarkably improvement 4-6 weeks after the start. Restlessness was recognized in six subjects, wandering in eight and aggression in four at baseline, and 75-100% of the subjects with such symptoms improved markedly.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of the protein C-thrombomodulin system in physiologic anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Changes in the protein C-thrombomodulin (PC-TM) system in relation to other coagulofibrinolytic parameters were examined in 25 patients undergoing open heart surgery. Although all patients were given heparin, a decrease in antithrombin III (ATIII) and progressive increase in thrombin-ATIII complex (TAT) and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) levels were noted during cardiopulmonary bypass, which indicated that heparinization did not completely inhibit the formation of thrombin and its function. C1-inactivator (INA) resistant fibrinolytic activity increased markedly during CPB, in parallel with the change of tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA;Ag), which indicates that fibrinolytic activity during CPB is mainly of extrinsic origin caused by t-PA. Protein C antigen (PC;Ag), protein S antigen (PS;Ag), and thrombomodulin antigen (TM;Ag) were all decreased significantly during CPB. This is considered to reflect the activation and consumption of the PC-TM system in response to generated thrombin. Furthermore, enhancement of the extrinsic fibrinolytic system is easily explained by the action of activated PC, which counteracts plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), to cause enhancement of t-PA activity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bacteriologic studies on Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in Sapporo, Japan: investigation of beta-lactamase production and auxotypes.

The authors studied the annual incidence of isolation of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) strains among the total number of strains of N. gonorrhoeae (1,401 strains) that were isolated in Sapporo, Japan during 1980-1989. During the first half of the 1980s, there was a tendency for PPNG to increase, and the peak incidence was 23.9% in 1985. Thereafter, the incidence of PPNG decreased to an isolation rate of 6.3% in 1989. In addition, the auxotypes of 592 of 1,401 isolated strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were studied during three periods: 1980-1985, 1986-1987, and 1988-1989. Among the 592 strains, 315 strains were tested for sensitivity to the action of amoxicillin. In the 1988-1989 period, the auxotype showed an increasing incidence of the auxotype that requires arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil (i.e., AHU), whereas the proto- and pro-types decreased in incidence. The AHU strains showed higher sensitivity to amoxicillin administration compared with the proto- and pro-strains.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postmenopausal changes in production of type 1 and type 2 cytokines and the effects of hormone replacement therapy.

OBJECTIVE: An appropriate defense against infective agents or malignant cells is attributed to the exquisitely balanced T helper 1 type (cellular) and T helper 2 type (humoral) immune reactions. We investigated the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on postmenopausal changes in the production of interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-10, a type 1 and a type 2 cytokine, respectively. DESIGN: Both cytokines were measured by ELISA in the supernatant of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated whole blood cells from 72 untreated and 44 HRT-treated women. Thirteen women were examined before and during HRT. RESULTS: The production of IFN-gamma in women in their 40s and in postmenopausal women was significantly higher compared with that of younger women. However, IFN-gamma fell to the lowest level in the late postmenopausal stage, whereas the production of IL-10 increased gradually with age and in parallel with the postmenopausal period. Thus, in women in the mid-and late postmenopausal period, excessive production of type 2 cytokine (IL-10) compared with type 1 cytokine (IFN-gamma) occurred. The IFN-gamma levels of women on HRT were significantly lower than those of untreated women in the early and mid-postmenopausal stages, and IL-10 levels of women on HRT were significantly lower than those of untreated women in the mid-and late postmenopausal stages. HRT induced a significant decrease in the production of IL-10 and tended to lower the level of IFN-gamma. CONCLUSIONS: Production of IL-10 is augmented in postmenopausal women. HRT probably prevents postmenopausal women from an aberration of the immune system by improving the balance of type 1 and type 2 immune reactions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disseminated mycobacterial infection in a hemophilia B patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Disseminated mycobacterial infection was found at autopsy in a male patient with hemophilia B and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In May 1986, 23 months before death, the patient had encephalitis for one month and in July he developed a fever, malaise and generalized lymphoadenopathy. Human immunosuppressive virus (HIV) was positive and the CD 4/8 ratio of lymphocyte surface markers was 0.1, but mycobacterium was not detected. In September 1986, he had severe dyspnea due to interstitial pneumonia and he was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone. He died after a 23-month course of fever, severe weight loss and terminal progressive deterioration, although he was treated with antibiotics, antifungal agents, gamma-globulin, steroid and a Azidothymidine.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An adult case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with necrotizing leukoencephalopathy.

A 19-year-old man with common acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) developed necrotizing leukoencephalopathy (NL) after extensive chemotherapy and irradiation. Clinicians should exercise care in the treatment of leukemia, since chemotherapy has shown a trend of becoming more intensive, and the survival time of patients with leukemia is being extended.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypercoagulable state in patients with hypercholesterolemia: effects of pravastatin.

Molecular markers of the coagulation system and the effects of pravastatin on lipid levels and the coagulation markers were studied in 48 patients (mean age, 55 years) with hypercholesterolemia (plasma total cholesterol levels > 280 mg/dl). Each patient received 10 mg of pravastatin daily for 3 months. Plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased significantly during treatment and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased significantly. Above-normal plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complex, fibrinopeptide A, FDP-D-dimer, plasminogen activator inhibitor-I, and thrombomodulin were found in the patients before treatment; each of these was reduced significantly during treatment. The findings suggest the presence of a hypercoagulable state in hypercholesterolemia and that pravastatin might prevent the hypercoagulable state by reducing hypercholesterolemia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nafamostat mesilate administration during cardiopulmonary bypass decreases postoperative bleeding after cardiac surgery.

The hemostatic effect of nafamostat mesilate (FUT-175) was evaluated in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery. Thirty patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass grafting were divided into two groups. In the control group, anticoagulation was achieved with an initial dose of heparin (3 mg/kg). In the FUT-175-treated group, in addition to the ordinary treatment with heparin, FUT-175 was infused continuously into the circuit throughout the procedure at a rate of 100 mg/hr. Thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), fibrinopeptide A (FPA), and fibrin degradation products (FDP-D) dimer increased in both groups as CPB proceeded. In the FUT-175-treated group, these parameters remained lower and decreased more rapidly after the end of CPB. Alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor/plasmin complex (PIC) increased progressively during CPB in the control group; no such significant increases were seen in the FUT-175-treated group. Postoperative blood loss was significantly lower in the FUT-175-treated group than in the control group. It was concluded that FUT-175 reduces postoperative blood loss by inhibiting both coagulation and fibrinolysis during CPB.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of pre-disseminated intravascular coagulation stage with hemostatic molecular markers. The Mie DIC Study Group.

We examined various hemostatic abnormalities in 395 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), in 177 patients in a Pre-DIC stage, and in 99 patients who did not exhibit DIC. Pre-DIC was defined as the condition at least one week before the onset of DIC. The differences in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), FDP, prothrombin time (PT) ratio, fibrinogen, and platelet count between DIC and Non-DIC patients were significant, but there were no significant differences in these parameters between Pre-DIC and Non-DIC patients. Plasma levels of fibrin-D-dimer, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin-plasmin inhibitor complex (PPIC), soluble fibrin monomer (sFM), prothrombin activated peptide F1 + 2 (F1 + 2), thrombomodulin (TM), tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA), and PA inhibitor (PAI-I) in DIC patients were significantly higher than levels in Non-DIC patients. However, only TAT, sFM and PAI-I values in the Pre-DIC patients were significantly higher than the values in the Non-DIC patients. Almost all the hemostatic molecular markers examined had high sensitivity for DIC, but only TAT and PPIC had high sensitivity for Pre-DIC. Specificity for DIC was also high with TAT, sFM, and F1 + 2. Early diagnosis and early treatment are important in DIC; we believe that it is possible to predict Pre-DIC by assessing values for the combination of hemostatic molecular markers.

Antithrombin III↗