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Biomedical subjects

K Deguchi

Publications and source records attributed to K Deguchi.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Microorganisms isolated from peritonsillar abscess and indicated chemotherapy.

A bacteriologic study was made of 30 patients with peritonsillar abscesses with the use of both aerobic and anaerobic culture procedures. The abscess was punctured and the pus was aspirated by a syringe with an 18-gauge needle. Aerobes and anaerobes were detected in a frequency rate of approximately 1:2. Peptostreptococcus (30.2%), group a streptococci (27.9%), Peptococcus (16.3%), and Fusobacterium (9.3%) were preponderant pathogens. Anaerobic organisms were isolated in 75% of 30 cases. Aside from group A streptococci, anaerobes play a major etiologic role in peritonsillar abscess. Penicillins or cephalosporins will provide maximum chemotherapeutic benefit.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

[Spectinomycin therapy in combination with ampicillin in female patients with acute gonorrhea].

Clinical effects of spectinomycin (Trobicin, 2 g. i.m., once a day) and ampicillin (1 g/day, p.o., in 4 divided doses, for 2 days) given in combination on acute gonorrhea in female patients were studied, and sensitivity of isolated gonococci to each of these antibiotics was determined. 1. Clinical effects were evaluated by cultures of gonococci from discharge collected at 72 hours after spectinomycin administration and 12 hours after the last dose of ampicillin and both subjective and objective clinical findings. Among 20 cases of gonorrhea treated, 12 cases (60.0%) proved excellent in therapeutic results, 6 cases (30.0%) good, 1 case fair and 1 case produced no response. The success rate comprising excellent and good was 90.0%. The only side effect reported was pain of injection site in 1 case on 3 days after initiation of treatment, but no induration was noted. 2. MICs of spectinomycin and ampicillin for gonococci collected from the 20 cases were determined. Spectinomycin showed MICs of 6.25 approximately 12.5 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml and 3.13 approximately 12.5 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml. These values were below the blood concentration obtained at 6 hours after intramuscular administration of 2 g of spectinomycin. Ampicillin had MICs of 0.1 approximately 25 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml and 0.1 approximately 3.13 micrograms/ml against 10(6) CFU/ml. Five strains, MICs of which were 6.25 approximately 25 micrograms/ml against 10(8) CFU/ml, were beta-lactamase-producing.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Sensitivity to second-generation cephem agents of clinically isolated strains of bacteria in otorhinolaryngological field (author's transl)].

Clinically isolated 741 strains of 10 bacterial genus (except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa) which are frequent causal pathogens of infection in the otorhinolaryngological field were examined for their sensitivity to second-generation cephem agents, CTM, CXM and CMZ using the first-generation agent, CEZ, as a control. 1) The antibacterial activity of CTM, CXM, and CMZ was expanded to H. influenzae and Proteus spp. (indole positive) as compared with the first-generation agent, CEZ. CTM and CXM and strong antibacterial activity against H. influenzae. CMZ was slightly inferior to them in this activity. In contrast, against Proteus spp. (indole positive) CMZ was most effective and CTM was more effective than CXM. 2) The proportion of strains of S. aureus resistant to CEPs was 6.5% in CEZ, 4.8% in CTM, 8.1% in CXM, and as low as 1.6% in CMZ.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical bacteriological studies on cefotiam and cefsulodin in the field of otorhinolaryngology].

Clinical bacteriological studies on cefotiam and cefsulodin in the field of otorhinolaryngology were carried out and the following results were obtained. 1) Aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria were dominantly isolated from the clinical materials sent to the center from the clinical institutes. 2) It was considered that Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and beta-Streptococcus played an important role in the primary infections in the field of otorhinolaryngology. Staphylococcus aureus was also frequently isolated from the primary infections. Peptostreptococcus spp. was dominantly isolated from peritonsillar abscess. Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were mainly isolated from the chronic secondary infections. Among GNB, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus spp. were more frequently isolated. Staphylococcus aureus was also constantly detected in the secondary infections together with GNB. Anaerobic bacteria were isolated from 20.1% of the patients with chronic otitis media and 27.1% of sinusitis. 3) Cefotiam showed potent antibacterial activities against most isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 4) Cefsulodin showed potent antibacterial activities against clinically isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Staphylococcus aureus and beta-Streptococcus were also susceptible to cefsulodin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Evaluation of clinical efficacy of a cephem antibiotic, cefmetazole, in inflammatory infections of the upper respiratory tract].

We had reported the fundamental study on the utility of a new cephem antibiotic, cefmetazole (CMZ). On the basis of the results we administered CMZ to patients to investigate its clinical utility in this study. 1. CMZ was administered to 53 patients including 4 infants. They consisted of 30 cases of acute tonsillitis, 10 of peritonsillar abscess, 10 of laryngitis or pharyngitis, and 3 of sinusitis. 2. One of 2 g CMZ was administered to an adult patient except for l case and 0.5 g to an infant patient once or twice daily for at least 3 days. The method of administration was one shot intravenous injection, intravenous drip infusion or intramuscular injection. 3. The strict criteria for evaluating the efficacy of a drug were made and used for judging the efficacy of CMZ. 4. CMZ was clinically effective in 100% of patients with acute tonsillitis, 100% of those with peritonsillar abscess, 90% of those with laryngitis or pharyngitis, and 67% of those with sinusitis. 5. Bacteriologically, a single sort of bacterium was isolated in most cases of acute tonsillitis, laryngitis and pharyngitis and in the half of cases of peritonsillar abscess. Two and more sorts of bacteria were isolated in the other cases. The main bacteria isolated were beta-Streptococcus, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae. Anaerobic bacteria, mostly Peptococcus spp. and Peptostreptococcus spp., were detected in peritonsillar abscess. 6. The clinical results agreed with the clinicobacteriological results. All the bacteria detected before treatment of CMZ disappeared. CMZ also acted effectively in cases in which H. influenzae was suspected to be a causative organism. 7. The present results of CMZ treatment were similar to those of cefazolin (CEZ) treatment published so far. 8. Thus, CMZ was confirmed fundamentally and clinically to be a very useful drug for infection of the upper respiratory tract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative study on cefmetazole and cefazolin in the treatment of suppurative otitis media].

Cefmetazole (CMZ) was compared to cefazolin (CEZ) for efficacy and safety in the treatment of suppurative otitis media (including acute otitis media and chronic otitis media in acute aggravating stage) under well controlled clinical trials. The therapeutic effects were analyzed statistically in 172 patients (82 administered CMZ, 90 administered CEZ). The adverse reactions were also analyzed statistically in 199 patients (CMZ 99, CEZ 100) in whom the judgement was possible. 1. The efficacy rate of CMZ (72.3% for good to excellent response) was assessed by physicians in charge to be similar to that of CEZ (59.3%). This was the same being assessed by the committee, too (CMZ 64.6%, CEZ 56.7%). 2. When patients were classified into 2 groups (acute otitis media, chronic otitis media in acute aggravating stage) with respect to diagnosis, statistically significant difference in clinical efficacy assessed by physicians in charge was observed in the cases with chronic otitis media (CMZ, CEZ). In addition, the improvements of flares on the drum membrane and the mucous membrane of eardrum were significantly better in the CMZ group than in the CEZ group. 3. Bacteriologically, 16 cases (19.8%) of S. aureus were resistant to CEZ, while only 1 case (1.2%) to CMZ. CMZ was judged to be effective in 5 of the 6 cases in which CEZ-resistant strains were detected. 4. Side effects were found in 2 cases (2.0%) treated with CMZ: one complained of retching and abdominal pain and the other developed skin eruption. On the other hand, only 1 case (1.0%) developed skin eruption in the CEZ group. These results suggest that CMZ is a new antibiotic agent which is highly valuable in the treatment of suppurative otitis media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated clinically to CEPs. Results obtained with strains originating in superficial abscess in infants (author's transl)].

Seven CEPs agents (CEX, CXD, CDX, CEZ, CTM, CMZ and CXM) were examined for their MIC's against 240 strains of S. aureus isolated from superficial abscesses in infants. 1) Oral agents of CEPs, CEX, CXD and CDX gave similar results in MIC50, MIC80 and MIC90. Eight to 10% of the strains had high MIC's considered to be resistant at an inoculum size of 10(8) CFU/ml. 2) In injectable agents of CEPs, CEZ, CTM, CMZ and CXM, MIC50 showed MIC reflecting their antibacterial activity and MIC80 covered MIC which was considered as clinically effective. However, MIC90 reflected the presence of bacteria considered to be resistant to some degree and differed from one agent to another. The proportion of the strains which gave 50 micrograms/ml or higher MIC at an inoculum size of 10(8) CFU/ml was 5.8% for CEZ, 4.6% for CTM, and 7.1% for CXM, suggesting the presence of resistant bacteria at a proportion of 5-7%. In contrast, it was as low as 0.8% for CMZ. 3) These results indicate that strains resistant to CEPs tend to increase and take root in bacteria existing in quite usual and general living environment such as S. aureus isolated from superficial abscess in infants. This is a serious situation. Various studies on bacteria resistant to CEPs are being expected to be performed in each field.

Abscess↗
PubMed1982

[Susceptibilities of clinical isolates to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Susceptibility of clinical isolates from patients with complex and refractory infections].

Four hundred strains (13 species, 8 genera) were obtained from patients with complicated and intractable infections. The antibiotic sensitivities of these isolates were determined in relation to aminoglycoside (AGs) (GM, DKB, AMK, HBK), beta-lactam (SBPC, PIPC, CMZ), and FOM. 1. The frequency of clinical isolates that were resistant to GM and DKB in this study was high level in the case of S. aureus, Enterobacter spp., S. marcescens, Proteus spp. (indole positive) and P. aeruginosa. And some of them were also resistant to AMK and HBK. However HBK had potent antibacterial activity to S. aureus. The inactivating enzyme contributing to AGs resistance was AAC for almost Gram-negative bacillis and APH + AAC for S. aureus. But AGs was not permeable only to P. maltophilia. 2. Almost similar resistant patterns were seen to SBPC and PIPC. However, the frequency of resistant strains of S. aureus to SBPC was less than one of PIPC, while that of Citrobacter spp. to PIPC was less than SBPC. Among of other bacteria, P. aeruginosa and Proteus spp. (indole positive) had moderate sensitivity to SBPC and PIPC. 3. CMZ had poor antibacterial activity to Enterobacter spp. and S. marcescens and no activity to P. aeruginosa. It had moderate activity to Citrobacter spp. and potent activity to S. aureus, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Proteus spp. (indole positive). 4. FOM had antibacterial activity to all the bacteria tested. Almost FOM-sensitive bacteria had moderate MICs (6.25-25 micrograms/ml).

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of tinidazole on the anaerobic bacterial flora in patients undergoing gynecological surgery].

The various effects have been examined against the anaerobes by administering tinidazole when the operations of gynecology and obstetrics and the following results were obtained. 1. The serum concentrations after the single administration of 1,000 mg of TDZ showed 56.6 micrograms/ml of the peak value (3 hours) and 27.7 micrograms/ml of 24 hours value, and the antibacterial potency was maintained for a long duration. The concentration in the vaginal secretions was 21.8 micrograms/tampon within 24 hours. 2. The detections of anaerobes were made in 74 cases, before the administration, with the results of 1 case alone and 73 cases mixed with aerobes, 10 species and 133 strains being detected, which comprise 33 cases with 1 species, 27 cases with 2 species mixed, 10 cases with 3 species mixed and 4 cases with 4 species mixed. The main species detected were Bacteroides fragilis in 46 strains (34.6%), Peptostreptococcus spp. in 31 strains (23.3%) and Peptococcus spp. in 26 strains (19.5%). 3. The MIC values of the detected bacteria to the TDZ centered upon 0.78 micrograms/ml for Bacteroides fragilis, 3.13 micrograms/ml for Peptococcus spp. and 0.78 micrograms/ml for Peptostreptococcus spp. and those of the others were low, a lot of those being of sensitive strains. 4. The bacteriological effects on the anaerobes were, after the medication, observed to be 71.4% and found significantly more effective than 33.3% of natural eradication and decrease observed in the not administered group. 5. Clinically, no anaerobic infections were observed often operation and the therapeutical effects were observed. A little side effect was observed. 6. According to the above-mentioned results, it was observed possible to prevent from the anaerobic infections after operation in gynecology and obstetrics by administration of TDZ.

Bacteria↗