Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Baba

Publications and source records attributed to K Baba.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

An autopsy case of miliary tuberculosis and review of autopsy cases in Japan.

Presented is an autopsy case of a 79 year-old male who died of miliary tuberculosis. The patient was admitted to the University Hospital with an unknown fever and suspicion of leukemia. He expired on the 13th day of hospitalization. Postmortem examination revealed generalized miliary tuberculosis. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was established only after autopsy. Difficulty in diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis is discussed. Also discussed is a probable association of acute interstitial nephritis with chemotherapy or miliary tuberculosis. Leukemoid reaction is thought to be associated with miliary tuberculosis. The present case reminds us that miliary tuberculosis should never be forgotten when treating a patient having a fever of unknown origin. Cases with tuberculosis were compiled from the Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan during 1974 through 1981. There were 3,242 cases of tuberculosis (1.4%) out of 235,095 autopsies recorded in the Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan during the above 8 years. Of 3,242 cases 618 were miliary tuberculosis. The latter figure indicates 19.0% of all tuberculosis and 0.26% of all autopsies. Although all age groups were not spared, the 7th and 8th decades were more affected than the others. Tuberculosis has markedly declined since the advent of antituberculous antibiotics. But, autopsy cases with tuberculosis have not recently decreased in number. Clearly, increased awareness of the continuing presence of tuberculosis is needed.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Seroepidemiologic behavior of varicella zoster virus infection in a semiclosed community after introduction of VZV vaccine.

A survey of varicella and measles has been made in a semiclosed institution housing infants and children in Osaka since 1950. Live measles and varicella vaccines were introduced into the institution in 1974 and 1975, respectively. Nine of 10 measles outbreaks occurred during the 24 years before use of measles vaccine, and only one occurred during the 9 years after introduction of measles vaccine. In contrast, the incidence of varicella outbreaks has not been reduced after introduction of varicella vaccine, although the rate of immune individuals in the population against varicella has been kept at 74.2% for the 8 years since 1975, which was higher than that against measles (65.8%) during the same period. All successfully vaccinated children, however, were resistant to clinical varicella, and the number of clinical cases has been markedly reduced. Using the fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen and varicella zoster virus skin testing, the kinetics of secretory, humoral, and cellular immune responses to VZV was examined in vaccinated and naturally infected subjects and found to be comparable in both groups during repeated exposure to varicella epidemics. These results suggest that the seroepidemiologic behavior of varicella would not be significantly altered after introduction of varicella vaccine, in contrast to that of measles since general use of measles vaccine.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1984

Effects of Na removal and readmission on the mechanical response in the guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle.

In the guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle, tonic contraction, maintained in normal medium, was abolished by Ca removal or by indomethacin (10(-6) M). Removal of Na produced a transient contraction followed by a gradual decrease in tension to a level lower than the control. When Na was readmitted, a rapid relaxation was observed. The degree of the relaxation was enhanced with the exposure time to Na-free solution, and with the concentration of Na readmitted. At 5.9 mM K, the contraction produced by Ca readmission with simultaneous Na removal became smaller and slower as the external Na was reduced before Ca readmission, while at 40 mM K, the Ca-induced contraction was less dependent on the Na concentration. The rate of relaxation on Ca removal was slower when the Na concentration was reduced both at 5.9 and 40 mM K. Verapamil (10(-5) M) had a weak suppressing effect in normal solution, but suppressed markedly in 40 mM K medium. In the presence of verapamil, the difference between the effects of Na removal and of Na readmission on Ca-induced contraction was markedly potentiated, particularly at 40 mM K. It was concluded that the Na-Ca exchange mechanism may contribute to the transient response on Na removal and to the relaxation phase following Na readmission. At 5.9 mM K, removal of Na may increase the Ca conductance and also reduce the contribution of prostaglandins. On the other hand, when depolarized by excess K, the effect of Na is less significant; probably due to a high Ca conductance.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A simplified immunofluorescence technique for antibody to varicella-zoster membrane antigen (FAMA).

Indirect fluorescent antibody to varicella-zoster membrane antigens (FAMA) was measured by a new technique. The procedure gives rapid, sensitive and accurate results and is suitable for use in diagnosis or screening of susceptibility to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection. The test procedure was simplified by using Terasaki tissue culture plates for the reaction and for direct observation by fluorescence microscopy. Preparations of VZV-infected Vero cells stored in liquid nitrogen could be used as antigen in this FAMA-test.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A live varicella vaccine in a pediatric community.

A total of 663 children with various underlying diseases were immunized with a live varicella vaccine at the vaccine clinic of Osaka University Hospital during a period of seven years from October, 1975. Clinical reactions after vaccination occurred in 32.4% (24/74) of the children with malignancies and in 0.3% (2/591) of those in other groups. Vaccine-induced immunity was detected for more than 6 years, by FAMA (fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen) and IAHA (immune adherence hemagglutination) tests, and a skin-test for varicella-zoster virus (VZV). During an observation period of more than 7 years, clinical varicella developed in 12 children, 8 of whom were in the group with malignancies. Zoster occurred in only 4 (9.1%) of 44 vaccinees with acute leukemia, this incidence being significantly less (p less than 0.05) than that (21.6%, 8/37) in un-vaccinated leukemic children.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1984

A polypeptide containing 55 amino acid residues coded by the pre-S region of hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid bears the receptor for polymerized human as well as chimpanzee albumins.

The receptor for polymerized human and chimpanzee albumins has been identified on a hepatitis B surface antigen polypeptide of approximately 31,000 daltons. The polypeptide, designated P31, is composed of the major polypeptide of hepatitis B surface antigen (P22) and an additional, as yet unidentified, amino acid sequence. We split P31 with cyanogen bromide and obtained a polypeptide of approximately 8000 daltons (P8) that contained carbohydrate. P8 could bind to polymerized human and chimpanzee albumins, but not to polymerized albumins from animals without susceptibility to hepatitis B virus. The amino acid composition of P8 closely resembled that of 55 amino-acid sequence coded by the pre-S region in the deoxyribonucleic acid of hepatitis B virus. Using monoclonal antibody against P8, a solid-phase sandwich radioimmunoassay was developed for the specific determination of hepatitis B surface antigen bearing the receptor for polymerized albumin in the serum of patients with hepatitis B virus infection.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

[Nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis: a review of 30 cases].

Thirty cases of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis in 14 hospitals were studied. The incidence of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis was 1 in 4,330 deliveries at all hospitals and 1 in 4,389 deliveries at Tokyo University Hospital. Among these, 13 cases with various kinds of fetal anomalies and 5 cases complicated by twin to twin transfusion syndrome were found. Polyhydramnios (73%), preeclampsia (20%), anemia (34%), and hypoproteinemia (64%) were the commonest prenatal maternal complications, whereas a high incidence of abnormal NST patterns such as loss of variability was found, although urinary E3 levels were within the normal range. High rates of premature labor, Caesarian section and vacuum extraction were found at the deliveries of nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis. Prenatal diagnoses were made in 30% and 85% of the cases before 1977 and between 1978 and 1982, respectively. Ultrasound examination was confirmed to be very useful in detecting the hydropic state in the later period. The perinatal mortality rate from nonimmunologic hydrops fetalis was high (90%); and it was 100% in the cases with anomalies or twin to twin transfusion syndrome. The main cause of neonatal death was respiratory insufficiency due to hypoplasty of the lungs and pleural effusion.

Edema↗
PubMed1984

[Three operated cases of synchronous double cancers in the lung and stomach. A review of the Japanese literature].

We encountered three patients with synchronous double cancers in the lung and stomach. Although the gastric cancers were resected curatively in all three patients, the lung cancers were resected palliatively because they were too advanced for curative resection. In the Japanese literature we found 25 operated cases of synchronous double cancers and 24 operated cases of metachronous double cancers in the lung and stomach. Early diagnosis and curative resection of both cancers improve the survival rate of these primary double cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗