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Biomedical subjects

K Aigner

Publications and source records attributed to K Aigner.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Technic of isolated perfusion of the extremities. Experience with 171 cases].

In 171 cases of isolated perfusion of the extremities for treatment of melanomas and soft tissue sarcomas, standardized operation techniques were perfected. The arterial double cannulation makes an iliac cannulation feasible also in cases of second and third perfusion. Cytostatics are dosed per liter of perfused extremity. Cis-Platinum and dacarbacine were recently introduced in isolation perfusion treatment. So-called preheating of the extremity before adding the drugs allows administration of cytostatics besides tumortoxic hyperthermia.

Arm↗
PubMed1983

[Intra-arterial cytostatic therapy with venous filtration in a half-open system].

Hemofiltration was found to be suitable for the elimination of cytostatics out of the systemic blood circulation. By means of this technique the intensity of systemic side effects can be controlled. High drug concentrations in the tumor bearing areas along with low systemic concentrations as well as moderate systemic side effects may be achieved with intraarterial administration of chemotherapeutics combined with venous drug filtration.

Arm↗
PubMed1983

[Immunohistologic determination of a tumor marker (CEA) in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract].

CEA levels in serum are not reliable markers of tumors. In this paper a method for determination of this antigen for tissue sections is given. Histology, immunohistology and serum levels of CEA were compared. Tissue sections were obtained by surgical and endoscopic techniques. In several cases there was a discrepancy between serological and morphological results. Based on recent investigations elevated CEA levels might be only useful in reflecting a relapse of carcinoma of the colon. Immunohistological determinations were done by IFT and PAP-method. The results of both assay systems were comparable. CEA could be also detected in benign neoplasiogenic tissue, i.e. in tubular type of adenomatose polyps and in ulcerative colitis. Both diseases are known to become malignant at an high degree. By contrast no CEA could be detected in hyperplasiogenic polyps. Detection of CEA in malignant tissue might be useful for final classification of tumors. Occurrence of CEA in non malignant tissue should give rise to control in short regular intervals. Prospective studies might show the reliability of the CEA-bearing cells of non malignant tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Continuous peridural opiate administration with an implanted pump. Implantation technic and 1st results].

Epidurally administered opiates provide pain relief and may also be used for treatment of chronic pain of malignant origin. Compared to single-shot injection via externalized catheter continuous epidural morphine infusion via implantable pump and epidural catheter offers some advantages. The authors have used this method since October 1982. Functional characteristics of a low-flow continuous system, technique of implantation and preliminary results of this method are presented as a case report.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Changes in plasma amino acids during and following isolated liver perfusion in the human. Brief clinical report].

Plasma amino acids have been analysed during isolated perfusion of the liver in dogs. Aromatic amino acids increased, also the branched chain amino acids showed a small rise. Thus no signs of hepatic failure could be detected. To evaluate early signs of hepatic failure in 2 patients scheduled for isolated liver perfusion, the plasma amino acids where analysed. Corresponding to the results obtained in animals, aromatic acids increased, whereas branched chain amino acids remained constant or rose. Even in the postoperative course no signs of deterioration of plasma amino acids could be detected.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1982

[The delayed split-skin coverage--use and advantages].

In 119 patients a "delayed skin flap transplantation" was carried out after excision of malignant melanomas. The skin graft can be stored in a refrigerator at 4 degrees C up to two weeks without damage to the transplant. The transplantation may be accomplished at any time, but is usually due 3 to 4 days postoperatively. Advantages of this method are decreased risk of local infection, early mobilisation of the patient and generally good cosmetic results.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

[Somatostatin in the medical treatment of fistula of the pancreas and the small intestine].

Somatostatin is a peptide hormone which inhibits the secretion of the growth hormone and certain gastrointestinal hormones. Its main effect is to reduce the gastric acid output and inhibit the exocrine function of the pancreas. It was therefore used as an adjuvant therapy in the conservative treatment of ten patients presenting with fistulas of the small intestine or pancreas. The treatment was successful in eight cases. The short halflife of the hormone makes continuous application of the somatostatin as important as the carrying on of the conservative treatment itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[New modifications in isolated extremity perfusion ].

Hyperthermic isolated extremity perfusion has been undertaken in 117 patients with advanced melanoma of the extremities from october 1979 to may 1981. Perfusion is indicated in cases above level III and tumor thickness above 1,5 mm. Among the cytostatic agents used were melphalane, melphalane and dactinomycin, nitrogen mustard/dactinomycin, as well as DTIC, cis-platinum and the combination of cis-platinum and dactinomycin. All cytostatics lead to tumor regression, as observed on tumors left in situ. Longterm results have yet to be awaited. While melphalane may be perfused at 42 degrees C, the cisplatinum perfused extremity should not be heated to above 40 degrees C because permanent neurological damage may be induced. For this reason maximal hyperthermia is reached before the cytostatic agent is introduced and has to be lowered when the drug is added.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetics of dacarbazine (DTIC) and its metabolite 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AIC) following different dose schedules.

The pharmacokinetics of dacarbazine (DTIC) and its main metabolite 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AIC) have been studied in eight patients with malignant melanoma or sarcoma receiving 2.65--6.85 mg DTIC/kg body weight by intravenous bolus injection or by continuous 0.5--6-h infusions on 5 consecutive days. The plasma disappearance of DTIC was biphasic, with a terminal half-life of 41.4 min (range 30.3--51.6 min). The mean distribution volume of DTIC was 0.632 liters/kg and the total clearance was 15.4 ml/kg . min (range 8.7--23.3 ml/kg . min). The renal clearance of DTIC was 5.2--10.9 ml/kg . min, indicating that about 50% of DTIC was eliminated by extrarenal mechanisms. The plasma decay of AIC was mono-exponential with a half-life of 43.0--116 min. A renal clearance of 2.6--5.3 ml/kg . min was calculated for AIC. The urinary recovery was 46%--52% for DTIC and 9%--18% for AIC. The plasma concentrations of DTIC observed during 0.5--6-h infusions of DTIC (5.45--6.85 mg/kg) were 0.66--6.2 micrograms/ml. Comparison of various dosage schedules within the same patient did not reveal relevant differences of the areas under the concentration-time curves. Immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) did not significantly influence the pharmacokinetics of DTIC. During isolated extremity perfusion with DTIC (75--130 mg/kg extremity) for treatment of malignant tumors of the extremities concentrations of DTIC ranged from 150--500 micrograms/ml perfusate. There was no evidence of AIC formation. In isolated liver perfusion experiments in anesthetized dogs metabolic degradation of DTIC to AIC was demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Should splenic tissue be re-implanted after splenectomy due to birth trauma?].

Splenectomy results in loss of about 1/4 of the reticulo-endothelial system and 1/3 of the lymphatic tissue. Reduced phagocytosis and "clearing" capacity are reflected in the appearance of Howell Jolly bodies, thrombocytosis and decreased circulating immune-complexes. Reduction of IgM and compensatory increase of IgG and IgA levels further indicate immunological impairment. Transitory reduction of complement activity and the number of T-lymphocytes in the first weeks post-splenectomy constitute a significant limitation of immunological function and are accompanied by low serum tuftsin levels. These factors help explain the increased susceptibility to overwhelming infection seen in splenectomized patients. The lethality rate due to sepsis has been reported to be as high as 50%. Patients with hematological disorders, with systemic malignancies and children under 4 years of age who undergo splenectomy because of abdominal trauma are at especially high risk. The most common infectious agents are Haemophilus influenzae and Pneumococcus. The present report describes 2 infants who underwent splenectomy for the treatment of splenic rupture due to birth trauma. In one case, splenic tissue was homogenized and re-implanted; in the second case, splenectomy was followed by penicillin prophylaxis. The clinical course in the latter patient was complicated by Candida meningitis.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1982

[Isolated liver perfusion with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the human].

In two patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer an isolated perfusion of the liver with 5-fluorouracil was performed. The primary tumors had been resected 5 weeks and 11 months before the perfusion treatment. By means of special cannulation system the hepatic artery and the portal vein were both arterialized. The patients recovered well after the operation. Sonographic measurements of the metastases showed colliquation areas in the tumours postoperatively.

Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion↗
PubMed1981

[Reimplantation of splenic tissue after neonatal abdominal trauma (author's transl)].

Loss of the spleen in children frequently results in overwhelming infection caused by pneumococci. In order to preserve splenic function the reimplantation of splenic tissue into the abdominal wall and the greater omentum was performed in a newborn child and six other children up to the age of thirteen. Postoperatively the complete absence of Jolly's bodies could be observed, while a continuous increase of IgM was noted. The otherwise mandatory antibiotic prophylaxis over 2 years could be reduced to 5 months in the newborn.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1981

[Combined chemo- and radiotherapy in small cell bronchogenic carcinoma].

During a period of 3 years 25 patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma were treated with combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The regimen was composed of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (ACO). After the first three cycles of combination chemotherapy-radiotherapy treatment was given to the primary tumor, the regional lymph nodes, the mediastinum and clinically involved cervical nodes. All patients showed a complete or partial regression of tumor. The median duration of response of patients with limited disease was 12 months, for those with extended or disseminated disease 8,6 months. Median survival from start of therapy was 14 months for those with limited disease at presentation and 10,9 months for those presenting with disseminated disease. The data were compared with those of other studies and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Technic of delayed skin flap transplantation].

In 38 patients a "delayed skin flap transplantation" was performed after excision of malignant melanomas. The skin graft can be stored in a refrigerator at 4 degrees C for 2 weeks without damage to the transplant. The transplantation was usually done 4 days postoperatively. Advantages of this method seem to be a decreased risk of local infection, early mobilisation of the patient, and generally good cosmetic results.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗