Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

K Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to K Adachi.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Surface hydrophobicity of hemoglobins A, F and S determined by gel filtration column chromatography in high-phosphate buffer.

We found that hemoglobins A, F and S could be separated on TSK-GEL-SW columns by differences in surface hydrophobicity when eluted with 1.8 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4. The elution pattern of the oxy- and deoxy-forms of hemoglobins A, S and F from a TSK-GEL-SW-type gel filtration column is useful for measuring surface hydrophobicity. The elution volumes of oxyhemoglobins F, A and S on the TSK-GEL-SW column in 1.8 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, related linearly to the log of their solubility; the higher the surface hydrophobicity, the lower the solubility. There was no linear relationship between the solubilities and the elution volumes of these hemoglobins in the deoxy-form; deoxy-Hb S was far from the lines formed by deoxy-Hb A and deoxy-Hb F. These data suggest that the solubility of oxyhemoglobins is related to simple hydrophobic interactions caused by the total surface hydrophobicity, but the extremely low solubility of deoxy-Hb S must be the result of a stereospecific strong hydrophobic interaction between amino acids at the contact regions of deoxy-Hb S molecules.

Buffers↗
PubMed1987

Simultaneous determination of catechols in thalamic slices with liquid chromatography/electrochemistry.

A method was developed for the simultaneous determination of dopamine (DA), epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), as well as L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) with liquid chromatography (LC) using electrochemical (EC) detection. With a ODS column and a mobile phase consisting of a sodium acetate-citrate with heptasulfonic acid, this method was applied on simultaneous determination of catechols released from thalamic slices of ddY mouse. The pretreatment of the bathing medium required only centrifugation, and the supernatant was injected directly into the LCEC system. The high potassium stimulation of catecholaminergically innervated thalamic slices led to increase in the levels of DA, NE, DOPAC and MHPG, especially of NE, but not that of L-DOPA itself. In the present study, we designed to make simultaneous determination of catechols released from thalamic slices for estimation of the physiological status of catecholaminergic neuronal activity.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistochemical study of beta-adrenergic receptors in the psoriatic epidermis using an anti-alprenolol anti-idiotypic antibody.

In order to study the beta-adrenergic receptor-cyclic AMP system in the human skin, we have developed a monoclonal antibody against the receptor binding site in two fusion steps. We produced an anti-alprenolol monoclonal antibody using a hybridoma technique after the immunization of a mouse with alprenolol-BSA conjugate. This antibody was then used to immunize mice, whose splenocytes were used for the second fusion. Colonies were screened by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using turkey erythrocyte membrane as an antigen. One of the positive colonies was grown in mice to obtain ascites fluids. This antibody showed the ability to compete with [125I]-iodocyanopindolol for the binding to beta-adrenergic receptors of turkey erythrocytes. The binding of the antibody to the turkey erythrocytes was prevented by the existence of the anti-alprenolol antibody and also L-alprenolol. This antibody showed a prominent inhibition of the adrenaline-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity of the turkey erythrocyte membrane. The data indicate that the anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody against alprenolol binds to the beta-adrenergic receptors and acts like an antagonist. We further studied the localization of the beta-adrenergic receptors with this antibody in the normal human skin as well as in the psoriatic skin using immunohistochemical technique. A prominent decrease of the beta-receptors was observed in the psoriatic epidermis.

Alprenolol↗
PubMed1987

Adenylate cyclase system of human trichilemmoma cell line.

The adenylate cyclase system of an established human trichilemmoma cell line was investigated. Stimulators of human epidermal adenylate cyclase system, epinephrine, histamine, adenosine, and prostaglandin E increased cyclic AMP levels of the trichilemmoma cells. The effects of epinephrine, histamine, and adenosine were inhibited by the addition of propranolol (a beta-adrenergic antagonist), cimetidine (histamine H2-antagonist), and theophylline (adenosine-receptor antagonist), respectively. The epinephrine, histamine, and prostaglandin E effects were augmented by the addition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) phosphodiesterase inhibitor, isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX); the adenosine effect was augmented by another phosphodiesterase inhibitor, papaverine. Without the addition of these phosphodiesterase inhibitors, the maximal accumulations were observed at 3 min incubation. Following this, the cAMP content returned to the basal level, and the cells did not respond to repeated stimulations with the same initial stimulator. This fact indicates receptor-specific refractoriness. For example, epinephrine-pretreated cells did not respond to epinephrine, but retained their sensitivity to histamine. It has been known that normal epidermal keratinocytes are regulated in vitro by glucocorticoids, colchicine, and retinoids, resulting in the augmentation of their beta-adrenergic response. Only hydrocortisone treatment on the trichilemmoma cells resulted in the augmentation of the beta-adrenergic response. Although the established human trichilemmoma cell line has similar adenylate cyclase systems as normal epidermis, it apparently has lost some of the regulatory mechanism of the beta-adrenergic response.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1987

The treatment of dural AVM by embolization with aron alpha (ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate).

The authors report four cases of dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) treated by a modified technique of embolization. Three cases had posterior fossa dural AVM and one had bilateral supratentorial dural AVM. The authors think that the best way to treat dural AVM is to close its nidus completely. This could be achieved by a safe and easy technique of embolization. The material used for embolization should intimately adhere to the vascular network and should not become fragmented. We used aron alpha (Ethyl-2-cyanoacrylate). This is a biological glue and it sets in a solid membranous form instantaneously on coming into the contact with an ionic medium. It does not get fragmented. Aron alpha was injected into the nidus of the AVM through a cannula inserted only into the main feeding artery in four cases of dural AVM reported here. Postoperative angiography showed complete obliteration of the AVM's, they did not fill either from the treated artery or from the untreated feeding arteries. The technique is easy and safe. There was no operative or postoperative complication. All the patients have remained asymptomatic to date, i.e. 2, 2, 6 and 7 1/2 years after the procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Gastric emptying in deformed stomach.

To evaluate the relationship between the onset of peptic ulcer and gastric emptying, some factors which were thought to regulate gastric emptying, i.e. the stage of the ulcer, the location of the ulcer and gastric acidity were studied in cases of gastric ulcer with deformed stomach and were proven to have little influence on gastric emptying. Further, the main cause of delayed gastric emptying was revealed to be the deformity itself, because the shortening of the distance from the gastric angle to the pyloric ring at the lesser curvature (sac-shaped stomach) and the indentation of the corpus ventriculi (hourglass-shaped stomach) significantly delayed gastric emptying. Moreover, it was found that the healing of gastric ulcer was delayed in cases of deformed stomach with delayed gastric emptying when the ulcer was at an active stage. Therefore the improvement of gastric emptying by some methods was thought to be necessary to promote ulcer healing and prevent ulcer recurrence in gastric ulcer patients who had a deformed stomach.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1987

Changes in physicochemical properties of mitochondrial membranes during the formation process of megamitochondria induced by hydrazine.

Changes in some biochemical and physico-chemical properties of rat liver mitochondrial membranes during the formation process of megamitochondria induced by hydrazine were analyzed. Hepatic mitochondria obtained from rats placed on a 1% hydrazine diet for 3 days became slightly enlarged and sometimes elongated, while they became gigantic after 7 days of hydrazine intoxication. Changes were observed in mitochondria from rats treated with hydrazine for 3 days. Total amounts of phospholipids extracted from mitochondria and submitochondrial fractions were increased. Among phospholipid species, relative amounts of acidic phospholipids were increased. Contents of Ca2+ in mitochondria were increased. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis of mitochondria, especially that of the outer membrane fraction, showed that the thermotropic lipid phase transition temperatures were elevated accompanying the broadening of thermograms and the increase in transition enthalpy. Contents of water in mitochondria were increased significantly with the ratio of freezable water to unfreezable water unchanged. Among the changes observed was that the total amount of phospholipids (except for that of the outer membrane fraction) and the contents of water and Ca2+ nearly returned to normal in megamitochondria after 7 days of hydrazine intoxication. Relative amounts of phospholipids and thermotropic lipid phase transition temperatures of megamitochondria did not return to normal levels and yet changes were smaller than those obtained from 3 days of hydrazine intoxication. The fluidity of mitochondrial membranes was not affected by hydrazine treatment. These data would suggest that hydrazine-induced megamitochondrial formation is not due simply to the swelling of mitochondria, but might be due to the fusion of adjacent mitochondria by Ca2+-acidic phospholipid interactions, and once megamitochondria are formed the mitochondrial membranes are stabilized.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Dilated cardiomyopathy: clinical significance of possible related factors.

The present study investigates the clinical significance of several possible causative or conditioning factors which have been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). By reviewing the medical records of 68 patients with DCM, we found a definite, and suggestive family history in 16%, and 28%, respectively, and antecedent flu-like symptoms in 43%. A history of hypertension was observed in 35%, habitual alcoholism in 49% and diabetic pattern on glucose tolerance test in 37%. We then classified the study patients into three groups; familial, myocarditic and acquired groups. The familial group showed advanced myocardial damage with the poorest prognosis. Abnormal T-cell subsets in this group suggested that genetically determined abnormal immune response is involved in the development of DCM. In the myocarditic group, endomyocardial biopsy demonstrated mononuclear cell infiltration in 53% and the myocardial damage and prognosis were of intermediate severity. The acquired group showed significantly more frequent histories of hypertension, habitual alcoholism or diabetes than their age- and sex-matched controls, suggesting that they developed the disease in association with these factors. The severity of hemodynamic impairment and myocardial damage was the least extensive and prognosis was relatively favorable in this group. These different clinical features in the three groups may provide evidence that these factors actually contribute to the development of myocardial damage in DCM and that the condition is a clinical syndrome associated with heterogeneous etiologies or conditioning factors. Determination and management of these factors would be of practical value in treating patients with DCM that has no established therapy against underlying etiologies.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Fundamental study on ataxic mice (wriggle mouse Sagami)].

Wriggle mouse Sagami (WMS), a newly discovered BALB/C mouse strain, is characterized by its locomotor instability, abnormal gait pattern and neck wriggling. Although the growth of WMS mice is delayed, compared with normal BALB/C mice, the brain size corresponds to the relatively smaller body weight. In gross or histological examinations no local atrophy appears in the cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem or spinal cord. The c-GMP level in the WMS cerebellum is decreased, but the c-AMP level is normal. The ataxic gait is not improved significantly by the administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH). These results indicate that the mechanism inducing ataxia and abnormal gait pattern in WMS may be different from those in other genetically-determined ataxic mice, e. g., Rolling mouse Nagaya (RMN), PCD, Staggerer and Reeler.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Phorbol ester induces interleukin-2 receptor on the cell surface of precursor thymocyte leukemia with no rearrangement of T cell receptor beta and gamma genes.

The early event of thymocyte maturation has been analyzed using acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. A group of ALL cells whose cell surface phenotype was CD2 (SRBC receptor) negative and CD7 (T cell antigen) positive has been considered as precursor thymocyte ALL (pre-T-ALL). No rearrangements of the T cell receptor beta-gene (TCR beta) and gamma-gene (TCR gamma) were found in three of four pre-T-ALL patients. Stimulation of these pre-T-ALL cells with 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced only CD25 (Tac) antigen but no other T cell antigens. These findings suggest that the activation pathway of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor already exists in the most immature precursor thymocytes. Pre-T-ALL cells from the fourth patients showed the expression of CD3 antigen, and both TCR beta and TCR gamma rearrangement. TPA induced the differentiation of the more mature pre-T-ALL cells of this case in vitro, and not only CD25 (Tac) antigen but also CD4 and CD8 antigens appeared on the cell surface. The low affinity binding of 125I-IL-2 to TPA-stimulated leukemia cells was observed in the three cases of pre-T-ALL tested, and the addition of recombinant IL-2 to TPA-stimulated cells showed no effect on cell proliferation.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

The effects of three beta-lactamase inhibitors: YTR830H, sulbactam and clavulanic acid on the growth of human cells in culture.

Three beta-lactamase inhibitors: YTR83OH (YTR), sulbactam and clavulanic acid were studied for their effects on the growth of human amnion FL line cells. The numbers of viable cells after the 3-day culture were almost unaffected by YTR at concentrations up to 250 mg/l. The effects of sulbactam on FL cells were similar to those of YTR. The growth inhibitory effects of clavulanic acid were significantly different and were effective down to a concentration of 50 mg/l. The morphological effects were also observed microscopically.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1987

Detection of multidrug resistance markers, P-glycoprotein and mdr1 mRNA, in human leukemia cells.

We have examined the expression of P-glycoprotein in clinical leukemic cell samples by using a monoclonal antibody (MRK16) against P-glycoprotein. We found that leukemia cells isolated from 3 out of 6 patients with blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia were reactive to MRK16. These 3 cell lines expressed high levels of mdr1 mRNA, which codes for P-glycoprotein. The present result indicates that the clinically refractory state of the tumor may be predicted in part by determining P-glycoprotein expression using the monoclonal antibody against P-glycoprotein, and the mdr1 probe.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗