Biomedical subjects

Jun Zhao

Publications and source records attributed to Jun Zhao.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed2004

[Karyotypic analysis from two clones of gynogenetic Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus of Pengze)].

Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus of pengze), one of the most popular cultural fishes in China, is an endemic bisexual population with natural gynogenetic reproduction mode. Just like Silver crucian carp, investigation on the karyotype of Pengze crucian carp is important to understanding the diversity and the evolution of the unisexual vertebrates. Two distinguishable gynogenetic clones of Pengze crucian carp, named clone H and clone L, respectively,were detected recently. In this study, the chromosomes number and karyotype of the two clones were analyzed using chromosomes of kidney cell-PHA culture in vivo prepared by flame-drying technique. The results show that the chromosome numbers and karyotypes of the two clones are different. Clone H has 156 chromosomes in its karyotype with 42 metacentric, 36 submetacentric, 39 subtelocentric, 33 telocentric, and six supernumerary chromosomes; the karyotype of clone L contains 162 chromosomes with 36 metacentric, 45 submetacentric, 33 subtelocentric, 36 telocentric, and twelve supernumerary chromosomes. The karyotype formula of 150 basic chromosomes of clone H is 3n = 42M +36SM +39ST +33T,NF = 228; and the karyotype formula of 150 basic chromosomes of clone L is 3n = 36M +45SM +33ST +36T, NF = 231. The discovery of the two different gynogenetic clones indicates that the genetic diversity also exists in the Pengze crucian carp, similar to that in the Silver crucian carp.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[Expression and significance of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptors in human prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression and significance of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) receptors in human prostate cancer. METHODS: SP immunohistochemical method was employed to investigate the expression of alpha subunit of GM-CSF receptors in 48 cases of primary prostate cancer, 20 benign prostate hyperplasia samples and four kinds of cancer cell lines K562, PC-3M, HL-60 and MCF-7. RESULTS: The total positive percentage of GM-CSF expression in prostate cancer was 79.2%. The positive percentages in the groups with Gleason score 2-4, 5-8, and 9-10 were 75%, 82.3% and 81.2% respectively. The four kinds of cancer cell lines had prominent GM-CSF receptor alpha subunit expression. CONCLUSION: It suggests that both hyperplastic and neoplastic prostate tissues are responsive to GM-CSF and the extensive expression of GM-CSF receptors is an important characteristic of prostate cancer.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

[IL-8 and TNF-alpha in prostatic secretions as indications in evaluating chronic prostatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance of the determination of IL-8 and TNF-alpha in prostatic secretions in the evaluation of chronic prostatitis. METHODS: IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels in EPS were evaluated by ELISA in 90 men: controls (n = 12), CBP (n = 12), CPPS IIIA (n=38), CPPS IIIB (n=28). And the difference was analyzed between CBP or CPPS IIIA and CPPS IIIB or controls. RESULTS: IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels in EPS were higher in men with CBP [(10967.5 +/- 3477.7) pg/ml, (84.1 +/- 54.7) pg/ml] or CPPS IIIA [(9268.4 +/- 2034.6) pg/ml and (32.6 +/- 18.6) pg/ml], but lower in men with CPPS IIIB [(2726.1 +/- 277.5) pg/ml, (12.6 +/- 7.1) pg/ml] or controls [(2800.0 +/- 320.2) pg/ml and (12.9 +/- 10.1) pg/ml] respectively. There was significant difference between CBP or CPPS IIIA and CPPS IIIB or controls (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: IL-8 and TNF-alpha are elevated in the EPS of the men with CBP and CPPS IIIA, and provide a novel means for the identification and characterization of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. The cut-points for IL-8 and TNF-alpha to discriminate CBP or CPPS IIIA from CPPS IIIB or controls need further investigation.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Application of 18F-FDG PET/CT scan in following-up of nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Local relapse,tumor residue, and whole body metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy were mainly confirmed by CT, MRI, SPE/CT, and PET examinations. This study was to discuss the value of F-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in detecting suspected recurrence or tumor residue, and whole body metastases of NPC after radiotherapy. METHODS: PET/CT were performed on 38 NPC patients 3-36 months after radiotherapy. The images of PET/CT, CT, and PET were observed. PET standardized uptake value (SUV) was calculated, and SUV of > 2.5 was considered as positive. The Patients were divided into 4 groups by diagnosis: (1) no recurrence/residue, and no whole body metastases; (2) with recurrence/residue, but no whole body metastases; (3) no recurrence/residue, but with whole body metastases; (4) with both recurrence/residue and whole body metastases. Diagnoses of all patients were referred to the proved follow-up clinical information. The following-up time was 6-10 months. RESULTS: The sensitivity, and specificity of PET/CT (100%,and 89.5%) were better than that of CT alone (77.8%, and 84.2%), a litter better than that of PET alone (100%, and 80.0%). CONCLUSIONS: FDG-PET scan is a better tool than CT alone for the detection of recurrene or residue, and whole body metastases of NPC, a litter better than PET alone. PET/CT may provide valuable information for judging whether the focus is metastasis.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Advances in studies on chemical constituents and pharmacological activities from plants of Symplocaceae].

The chemical constituents and pharmacological activities on the genus of Symplocos were reviewed. Their constituents mainly included triterpenes and triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, iridoids, lignans, alkaloids, polysaccharides and ellagic acids. A number of species among them have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of fever, detoxifying, acesodyne and hemostasis.

Alkaloids↗

PubMed2003

[Experience in treatment of Raynaud's syndrome by chemical thoracic sympathectomy].

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience in treatment of Raynaud's syndrome with chemical thoracic sympathectomy (CTS) guided by X ray. METHODS: From March 2001 to December 2002,35 cases (66 limbs) of Raynaud's syndrome were treated by CTS. Guided by X ray, a needle was punctured through the back skin to the second or third thoracic sympathetic ganglion beside the thoracic vertebrae and 2 ml of 5% phenol was injected. RESULTS: The first CTS treatment produced an excellent effect on 32 limbs, good effect on 12 limbs, and no effect on 22 limbs with an effective rate of 66.7% (44/66). The same treatment was performed on the limbs without effect 1 - 2 days after the first treatment and produce excellent effect on 2 limbs, good effect on 6 limbs, and no effect on 14 limbs with an effective rate of 36.4% (8/22). The efficiency rate of the first hospitalization was 78.8%. The effective rate of treating primary Raynaud's disease by CTS was 88.5% and that of treating secondary one was 42.8%. 85% of the patients were followed up for 9 months on average with an efficiency rate of 61%. CONCLUSION: CTS is mini-invasive, cheap, easy to popularize, and a relatively ideal choice in treatment of Raynaud's syndrome. Complications can be minimum only if the operation is performed carefully.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

ET-1-associated vasomotion and vasospasm in lymphatic vessels of the guinea-pig mesentery.

In vitro experiments were performed to investigate the actions of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on vasomotion and vasospasm in guinea-pig mesenteric lymphatics. ET-1 modulated lymphatic vasomotion independent of the endothelium, with lower concentrations ( or=100 nm) causing vasospasm. ET-1-induced increases in vasomotion were accompanied by an increase in tonic [Ca2+]i. These actions were inhibited by the ETA receptor antagonist BQ-123 (1 microm), the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122 (5 microm), removal of extracellular Ca2+, chelation of intracellular Ca2+ with BAPTA/AM (10 microm), the store Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (1 microm), caffeine (10 mm) and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor blocker heparin and 2-APB (30 microm). In contrast, the ETB receptor antagonist BQ-788 (1 microm), ryanodine (1 & 20 microm), pertussis toxin (PTx) or Cs+ had no significant actions on vasomotion or the magnitude of increase in tonic [Ca2+]i. ET-1-induced vasospasm was accompanied by a transient increase in smooth muscle [Ca2+]i followed by a sustained plateau, an action that was abolished by removal of extracellular Ca2+, but only marginally inhibited by nifedipine (1 microm). Caffeine (10 mm), SKF 96165 (30 microm) or U73122 (5 microm) together with nifedipine (1 microm) abolished ET-1-induced vasospasm and increase in [Ca2+]i. These results indicate that ET-1 increases lymphatic vasomotion by acting on smooth muscle ETA receptors and activation of G-protein-PLC-IP3 cascade, which is known to cause pacemaker Ca2+ release and resultant pacemaker potentials. High concentrations of ET-1 cause a failure in Ca2+ homeostasis causing vasospasm, triggered by excessive Ca2+ influx primarily through store-operated channels (SOCs) with l-Ca2+ voltage-operated channels (VOCs) also contributing, but to a much lesser extent.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Boosting of SIV-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques by repeated administration of Ad5hr-SIVenv/rev and Ad5hr-SIVgag recombinants.

Previous non-human primate studies have shown replication competent adenovirus (Ad) HIVenv/rev and SIVenv/rev recombinants to be promising vaccine candidates. To broaden induced immunity in rhesus macaques, an Ad type 5 host range (Ad5hr) mutant vector with an inserted SIV gag gene was added to the vaccine regimen. Immunity to the encoded SIV Env, Rev, and Gag gene products was evaluated following two immunizations with the same recombinants. The vaccines were administered intranasally plus orally via stomach tube at weeks 0 and 12. The recombinants replicated well in the upper respiratory tract but poorly in the gut, suggesting enteric-coated capsules might improve oral delivery to the intestine. SIV-specific cellular immunity was induced in all 16 immunized macaques. Fourteen exhibited positive interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) ELISPOT responses, and nine, including two lacking IFN-gamma responses, exhibited SIV-specific T-cell proliferative activity. IFN-gamma secreting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in response to SIV Gag, Env, and Rev peptides were induced in 73, 53, and 27% of macaques, respectively, and were boosted two- to four-fold by the second immunization. A persistent response to Gag was evident at least 10 weeks thereafter. p11C tetramer staining confirmed elicitation of SIV Gag-specific CD8+ T-cells in Mamu-A*01 macaques. Proliferative responses were more frequent after the second immunization, and binding antibody titers to SIV gp120 were significantly boosted by the immunization regimen. We conclude that a second administration of recombinants based in the same Ad5hr vector can effectively boost immunity to inserted gene products, obviating development of several recombinants in different Ad serotypes for multiple immunizations.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Clinical application of radioimmunoguided surgery in colorectal cancer using 125I-labeled carcinoembryonic antigen-specific monoclonal antibody submucosally.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of 125I-labeled carcinoembryonic antigen-specific monoclonal antibody CL58 in clinical radioimmunoguided surgery for colorectal cancer. METHODS: First, we tested the purity and affinity constant of CL58 and measured the binding affinity of CL58 to colorectal cancer cells and normal cells. Second, we injected 125I-labeled CL58 into nude mice with colon cancers. Then, samples from the tumor, blood, and normal tissues of injected mice were weighed and counted in a gamma-ray counter for assessment of biodistribution. Finally, we administered 125I-labeled CL58 submucosally in 29 patients with colorectal cancer via endoscope. Radioimmunoguided surgery was performed 3 to 14 days later with a portable gamma-detecting probe to obtain the counts in the target sites. Tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of 3 was taken as the lowest positive threshold value for primary lesions, wall infiltration, and lymph node metastasis. In addition, all the samples were examined by routine histopathology. Lymph nodes negative by routine histopathology were subjected to immunohistochemical staining with anticytokeratin to detect the lymphatic micrometastasis. RESULTS: The affinity constant of CL58 was 7.5 x 109 M-. Moreover, CL58 reacted strongly to the colorectal cancer cell lines, but not to the normal control cells. Furthermore, the tumor tissues showed significant intake of 125I-labeled CL58, as compared with that of normal tissues. The sensitivity of radioimmunoguided surgery in detecting primary lesions was 93.1 percent, and the specificity of radioimmunoguided surgery to correctly identify negative incisional margins for tumor infiltration was 95.5 percent. For the detection of lymphatic metastasis, the sensitivity of radioimmunoguided surgery was 92.0 percent and the specificity was 87.8 percent. The sensitivity of radioimmunoguided surgery in detecting lymph node metastasis was significantly higher when compared with traditional clinical methods (P = 0.0087). The specificity of radioimmunoguided surgery to identify negative incisional margins was also significantly higher when compared with traditional clinical methods (P = 0.0117). The sensitivity and specificity of radioimmunoguided surgery in detecting lymph nodes metastasis showed statistical significance, as compared with traditional clinical methods. Immunohistochemistry verified the existence of lymphatic micrometastasis in radioimmunoguided surgery-positive but histology-negative lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that radioimmunoguided surgery for colorectal cancer using 125I-labeled anticarcinoembryonic antigen monoclonal antibody submucosally enables surgeons to define lymphatic metastasis, thus successfully guiding surgeons in performing personalized radical operation.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Improved protection of rhesus macaques against intrarectal simian immunodeficiency virus SIV(mac251) challenge by a replication-competent Ad5hr-SIVenv/rev and Ad5hr-SIVgag recombinant priming/gp120 boosting regimen.

In this study we investigated the ability of a replication-competent Ad5hr-SIVenv/rev and Ad5hr-SIVgag recombinant priming/gp120 boosting regimen to induce protective immunity in rhesus macaques against pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus(mac251). Immunization of macaques by two sequential administrations of the same recombinants by the same route resulted in boosting and persistence of SIV-specific cellular immune responses for 42 weeks past the initial immunization. Anti-SIV gp120 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibodies were induced in secretory fluids, and all macaques exhibited serum neutralizing antibody activity. After intrarectal SIV(mac251) challenge, all of the macaques became infected. However, relative protection, as assessed by statistically significant lower SIV viral loads in plasma at both acute infection and set point, was observed in 8 out of 12 immunized non-Mamu-A(*)01 animals. Elevated mean cellular immune responses to Gag and Env, neutralizing antibody activity, and IgG and IgA binding antibody levels were observed in the eight protected macaques. Statistically significant correlations with protective outcome were observed for cellular immune responses to SIV Env and Gag and for SIV gp120-specific IgG antibodies in nasal and vaginal fluids. Two macaques that exhibited the greatest and most persistent viremia control also exhibited strong CD8(+) T-cell antiviral activity. The results suggest that a spectrum of immune responses may be necessary for adequate control of viral replication and disease progression and highlight a potential role for nonneutralizing antibodies at mucosal sites.

Adenoviridae↗

PubMed2003

Image curvature correction and cosmic removal for high-throughput dispersive Raman spectroscopy.

A key factor determining the sensitivity of a Raman spectrometer is the usable detection area, which is the product of the usable slit width and the height. For the majority of process Raman samples, the larger the sampling area is, the more the scattered Raman signal can be gathered. On a multi-channel-detector-based dispersive spectrometer, a given spectral resolution limits the slit width. Extending the slit height using a straight slit usually causes the image to be curved on the detector due to optical effects. If left untreated, the curved slit image will degrade the peak shape and spectral resolution; therefore, the slit height must also be kept small if this negative effect is to be avoided. The mechanism of the curvature formation was analyzed for an on-axis-lens-based spectrograph, and a correction technique was developed to generate a straight slit image on the charge-coupled device (CCD). This allowed a large portion of the CCD height to be used without degrading the spectral resolution. A large fiber bundle was usable instead of a single small core fiber, generating significant increase in collected signal strength in clear or translucent samples. The straight image also enabled a new cosmic spike removal method, wherein the CCD image was divided into multiple strips, and a comparison among them allowed the identification and removal of cosmic spikes in a single CCD integration. On the contrary, many existing cosmic removal methods rely on comparison of multiple sequentially acquired spectra, potentially introducing artifacts, particularly when the spectral features are changing.

Acetaminophen↗

PubMed2003

[The application of complexed PSA and its relative indexes in the diagnosis of prostate cancer].

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the applicable value of complexed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. METHODS: From July 2001 to May 2002, 152 consecutive patients (21 were prostate cancer and 131 were benign prostate hyperplasia proved by pathologic diagnosis) whose serum total PSA (TPSA) ranged from 0.2 microgram/L to 21.9 micrograms/L were accessed. The measurement of total PSA, free PSA (FPSA) and complexed PSA was performed by chemiluminescence immuno-assay method. The correlation of TPSA and CPSA was analysed by SPPS 10.0. The receiver operating characteristic curves were generated by plotting the sensitivity versus specificity. RESULTS: Area under the curve was calculated for each assay. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the ability of CPSA, TPSA and FPSA/TPSA. Area under the ROC curve of CPSA, TPSA and FPSA/TPSA ratio were 0.811, 0.799 and 0.376, respectively. The specificity for the complexed PSA, TPSA and FPSA/FPSA ratio were 62%, 57% and 4.7%, respectively, at cutoffs yielding 95% sensitivity. CPSA was determined to be the best index among the three ones by logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The CPSA and TPSA level in serum may provide good differentiation effect of prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia than FPSA/TPSA ratio. The CPSA performs better than TPSA. At the same sensitivity, CPSA has higher specificity.

Aged↗

PubMed2003

[Clinical features of postoperative chylothorax for lung cancer and esophageal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To define the clinical features of postoperative chylothorax for lung cancer (PCLC), and to compare them with those for esophageal cancer (PCEC). METHOD: We retrospectively analysed clinical characteristics of 12 patients with chylothorax among 4 084 patients receiving resection of lung cancer, as well as 52 in 4 479 patients having resection of esophageal cancer since 1985 at our hospital. RESULTS: The incidence of PCLC was 0.29% and that of PCEC was 1.16%. The percentage of diagnosis confirmed within 4 postoperative days was 33.3% for PCLC, and 76.9% for PCEC. The rate of typical chylous pleural effusion was 83.3% for PCLC, and 5.8% for PCEC. Symptoms and signs of PCLC were much milder than those of PCEC. The re-operation rate was 16.7% for PCLC, and 96.2% for PCEC. All patients were discharged uneventfully. CONCLUSION: The incidence, causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of PCLC is different from those of PCEC.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[The role of nitric oxide in lung injury associated with acute necrotizing pancreatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the role of nitric oxide (NO) in lung injury associated with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS: One hundred and twenty SD rats were randomized into five groups: control group, ANP group, L-arginine (L-arg) pretreatment group, L-NAME pretreatment group, and mixed pretreatment group (n = 24 for each group). Rat ANP model was induced by intraductal administration of 3% sodium taurocholate. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) were obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage. The protein content of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF), the myeloperoxidase (MPO) of lung tissue and generation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)and NO by alveolar macrophages were evaluated. The expression of TNFalpha mRNA and iNOS mRNA was also measured. RESULTS: Lung injury was aggravated gradually with progression of the disease. The level of MPO of lung tissue and the protein content of BALF showed a steady increase with time and peaked at the 12(th) hour (10.8 +/- 0.6 U/g for MPO and 2,011.0 +/- 105.5 micro g/ml for protein, respectively). TNFalpha and NO secreted by AMs were elevated gradually and peaked at the 6(th) hour (1,624.2 +/- 149.2 pg/ml and 88.8 +/- 6.5 micro mol/L respectively) but decreased at the 12(th) hour. The expression of TNFalpha mRNA and iNOS mRNA was similar with the change of TNFalpha and NO. The parameters of the groups of L-arg, L-NAME and the mixed pretreatment were similar to those of ANP group. The parameters compared with those of the control group showed a significant difference (P < 0.05). The parameters of groups of L-Arg and L-NAME pretreatment in comparison with those of the ANP group showed significant difference (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Over production of NO mediated by iNOS aggravates lung injury caused by acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Administration of exogenous NOS substrate would worsen lung injury, whereas administration NOS inhibitor would alleviate lung injury.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[Endovascular stent-graft exclusion for Stanford B type aortic dissections: a report of 146 patients].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the operation indications, preoperative evaluation, technique essentials and clinical prospect of endovascular stent-graft exclusion for aortic dissection. METHODS: From September 1998 to April 2003, endovascular stent-graft exclusion for aortic dissection (Stanford B) was preformed in 146 patients. CTA or MRA were used as preoperative evaluation methods. Graft was constructed from self-expanding Z-stents covered with a woven Dacron polyester fabric graft (Talent). The stent-grafts were inserted from the femoral or iliac artery to exclude the tear of dissection, and all operations were performed under DSA guidance. RESULTS: The grafts were installed successfully in 145 patients. In 119 patients only proximal tears were excluded, and 26 patients who had both the proximal and distal tears were excluded. The mean follow-up period was 16 months (1 - 54 months). Six patients died within the perioperative period, 2 patients died during the follow-up, 2 patients had recurrence of aortic dissection (Stanford A) and cured by Bentall operation. The others were in good state. No accidents related to the dissection and operation occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Endovascular graft exclusion may be a safe and effective treatment for selected patients with thoracic aortic dissection. Endoleak may lead to aneurysmal expansion and rupture. Further follow-up is necessary to evaluate its long-term effect.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Growth inhibiting effects of antisense eukaryotic expression vector of proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene on human bladder cancer cells.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the growth inhibiting effects on human bladder cancer by antisense RNA targeting the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene. METHODS: The eukaryotic expression vector for antisense PCNA cDNA was constructed and transferred into a bladder cancer EJ cell line. The PCNA expression in the cancer cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting assays. The in vitro proliferation activities of the transferred cells were observed by growth curve, tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetry, tritiated thymidine ((3)H-TdR) incorporation, flow cytometry and clone formation testing, while its in vivo anti-tumor effects were detected on nude mice allograft models. RESULTS: After the antisense vector, pLAPSN, was transferred, cellular PCNA expression was inhibited at both protein and mRNA levels. The growth rates of EJ cells were reduced from 27.91% to 62.07% (P < 0.01), with an inhibition of DNA synthesis rate by 52.31% (P < 0.01). Transferred cells were blocked at G(0)/G(1) phases in cell-cycle assay, with the clone formation ability decreased by 50.81% (P < 0.01). The in vivo carcinogenic abilities of the transferred cancer cells were decreased by 54.23% (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Antisense PCNA gene transfer could inhibit the growth of bladder cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, which provided an ideal strategy for gene therapy of human cancers.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

[Clinical characteristics and mechanism of liver injury in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome].

OBJECTIVES: To summarize the clinical features of liver injury in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), providing information for further mechanism and clinical study. METHODS: The clinical and some laboratory data of 154 patients suffered from SARS were collected and analyzed, who were admitted to the isolation wards of Beijing You-an Hospital from March 11 to June 3, 2003. The serum samples were taken from 46 patients to detect IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-alpha, endotoxin and hepatitis related viral inclusions. In addition, 11 patients were detected ultrasonically, and 3 patients were described pathological features. Other two groups including 15 healthy care workers and 22 patients with chronic hepatitis in the same period were selected and analyzed as controls. RESULTS: When being admitted to hospital, serum ALT and (or) AST levels were elevated in 37.7% SARS patients. Some of them (43.1%) were mild, and most of them (56.9%) were moderate. Abnormal liver function mainly resulted from ALT elevation (70.7%), then both ALT and AST elevation (22.4%). The aminotransferases in 75.9% SARS patients normalized within two weeks, while they elevated in four patients during the hospitalization. There was a significant difference in ALT/AST elevation rates between severe and mild clinical type (chi2=19.28, P<0.05). Serum total bilirubin values elevated in 8.4% patients. Serum albumin and prealbumin levels decreased in 24.0% and 28.6% patients, respectively. Creatine kinase (CK) and (or) creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) levels elevated in 72.7% patients when they hospitalized. The six kinds of interleukins and TNF-alpha levels during the first week of hospitalization were higher than those in the fourth week and in control groups (t>or=1.67, P<0.05). The levels of some factors, such as IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 in patients with elevated ALT, were higher than those in ALT normal patients (t>or=2.36, P<0.05). In the first week, only 15.2% patients had elevated serum endotoxin level. Ultrasonic examination and pathological observation showed no special features, compared with those in common acute hepatitis patients. CONCLUSIONS: All the results suggest strongly that there may be a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in most SARS patients in early stage, and the liver damage is only its partial signs. It may be beneficial to suppress cytokines storm in SARS patients in early stage, which will stop the progression of SIRS and release hepatic damage and improve the prognosis of SARS patients.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

[Production of transgenic mice by in vivo spermatogonia-mediated gene transfer].

The present study examined if injection of DNA into the testis tabular could generate transgenic mice via transfecting spermatogonia. The 0.9 kb Bcl-2 cDNA was fused to the promoter region of mouse whey acid protein gene and the SV40 polyA. A 3.0 kb fragment of WAP-Bcl-2-SV40 was mixed with cationic liposome and one side tabular of 3 mice testis was injected with the fragment, the other side was ligatured. Two out of the 3 males were used to mate with the female 4 days later. Twenty pups were produced and 3 of which were proven to be gene integration positive by PCR detection. Two, 1 male and 1 female, were further confirmed to carry the transgene by Southern blot analysis. The male died by accident during its feeding. The female was demonstrated to express Bcl-2 protein in its mammary glands by Western blot assay. Seven out of 45 F1 mice were proven to be transgenic by PCR. It is concluded that transfecting spermatogonia in vivo can produce transgenic mice.

Animals↗