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Biomedical subjects

Jun Wu

Publications and source records attributed to Jun Wu.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Nitrous oxide amniodistention compared with fluid amniodistention reduces operation time while inducing no changes in fetal acid-base status in a sheep model for endoscopic fetal surgery.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate in a sheep model for endoscopic fetal surgery the impact of nitrous oxide-gas amniodistention compared with fluid amniodistention on duration of surgery, hemorrhagic events, and fetomaternal acid-base status. STUDY DESIGN: Pregnant ewes (n = 16) at 92 to 104 days of gestation (term, 145 days) underwent amniodistention with Hartmann's solution (group I, n = 8) or nitrous oxide (group II, n = 8) at 38 degrees C. Endoscopic tracheal clipping according to a standardized surgical protocol was performed in all animals. The duration of fetoscopy (from insertion of first cannula until removal of last one), fetal surgery (fetal skin incision to skin closure), and number of bleeding episodes was recorded. Maternal and fetal blood gas values (pH, PO2, and PCO2) were measured at baseline and every 15 minutes during the experiment. Videotapes of the operations were assessed independently and scored by a visual analog scale in terms of smoothness of the operation and control of hemorrhagic events. RESULTS: Mean duration of fetoscopy (+/-SEM) (68 +/- 16 minutes vs 92 +/- 23 minutes) and fetal surgery (19 +/- 6 minutes vs 42 +/- 18 minutes) as well as number of bleeding episodes (1.9 +/- 0.8 minutes vs 5.8 +/- 2.1 minutes) was significantly reduced in animals operated with use of nitrous oxide amniodistention. In both groups, fetal and maternal blood gases remained unchanged during the entire experiment. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores were significantly higher for procedures conducted with use of gas distention. CONCLUSION: In a lamb model for fetal surgery, gas amniodistention with use of nitrous oxide results in a quicker operation procedure with less bleeding compared with fluid amniodistention, and without adverse side effects on fetomaternal acid-base status.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed2002

The hypolipidemic natural product guggulsterone acts as an antagonist of the bile acid receptor.

Ayurveda, the ancient Indian system of health care and medicine, has a well-organized materia medica in which plants form a dominant part. A key illustration of the exploitation of this knowledge toward the development of a modern drug is the isolation and characterization of two antihyperlipidemic compounds, Z-, and E-guggulsterone from the tree Commiphora mukul, the exudate of which has been traditionally used for mitigating lipid disorders. Here, we demonstrate that Z-guggulsterone and an analog, 80-574 currently in clinical trials, act as antagonists of the bile acid receptor (BAR), a member of the intracellular receptor superfamily. These compounds antagonize the activity of BAR in vitro, and in cell culture systems on promoters and endogenous target genes. In biochemical assays, they are able to displace coactivator peptides from the receptor in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanism by which they act as BAR antagonists is likely through their inability to recruit coactivator proteins, failure to release corepressor proteins from unliganded receptor, and ability to compete with BAR agonists to block coactivator recruitment. Our data suggest these compounds may mediate at least some of their effects via the BAR.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed2002

Repression of Teashirt marks the initiation of wing development.

The wing imaginal disc comprises the primordia of the adult wing and the dorsal thoracic body wall. During second larval instar, the wing disc is subdivided into distinct domains that correspond to the presumptive wing and body wall. Early activity of the signaling protein Wingless has been implicated in the specification of the wing primordium. Wingless mutants can produce animals in which the wing is replaced by a duplication of thoracic structures. Specification of wing fate has been visualized by expression of the POU-homeodomain protein Nubbin in the presumptive wing territory and by repression of the homeodomain protein Homothorax. We report that repression of the zinc-finger transcription factor Teashirt (Tsh) is the earliest event in wing specification. Repression of Tsh by the combined action of Wingless and Decapentaplegic is required for wing pouch formation and for subsequent repression of Hth. Thus, repression of Tsh defines the presumptive wing earlier in development than repression of Hth, which must therefore be considered a secondary event.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Effect of Maotai liquor in inducing metallothioneins and on hepatic stellate cells.

AIM: To explore the possible mechanism why drinking Maotai liquor dose not cause hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: After being fed with Maotai for 56 days consecutively, the male SD rats were decollated for detecting the biological indexes, and the livers were harvested to examine the liver indexes and the level of hepatic metallothioneins (MT). Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) proliferation and collagen generation were also observed. RESULTS: Hepatic MT contents were 216.0 ng.g(-1)+/-10.8 ng.g(-1) in the rats of Maotai group and 10.0 ng.g(-1)+/-2.8 ng.g(-1) in the normal control group, which was increased obviously in Maotain group (P<0.05). In the rats with grade CCL(2) poisoning induced by Maotai, hepatic MT content was 304.8 ng.g(-1)+/-12.1 ng.g(-1) whereas in the controls with grade CCL(4) poisoning, it was 126.4 ng.g(-1)+/-4.8 ng.g(-1) (P<0.05). MDA was 102.0 nmol.g(-1)+/-3.4 nmol.g(-1) in Maotai group and 150.8 nmol.g(-1)+/-6.7 nmol.g(-1) in the control group (P<0.05). When both of the groups were suffering from grade CCL(4) poisoning, hepatic MT contents was negatively correlated with MDA (r=-0.8023, n=20, P<0.01). The 570 nmA values of each tube with HSC regeneration at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, 100, and 200 g.L(-1) of Maotai were 0.818, 0.742, 0.736, 0.72, 0.682, and 0.604, respectively. From the concentration of 10 g.L(-1), Maotai began to show obvious inhibitory effects against HSC, and the inhibition was concentration-dependent (P<0.05, P<0.01). Type I collagen contents in HSC were 61.4, 59.9, 50.1, 49.2, 48.7, 34.4 microg.g(-1) at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, 100, and 200 g.L(-1) of Maotai. At the concentration of 100-200 g.L(-1), Maotai had obvious inhibitory effect against the secretion of type I collagen (P<0.05). Gene expression analysis was conducted on cells with Maotai concentrations of 0, 50, 100g.L(-1) respectively and the ash values of beta-actin gene expression were 0.88, 0.74, and 0.59, respectively,suggesting that at the concentration of 100g.L(-1), Maotai could obviously inhibit gene expression of type I procollagen (P<0.05), but the effect was not obvious at the concentration of 50 g.L(-1) (P>0.05). At the concentration of 10 g.L(-1), HSC growth in vitro inhibition rates were 16.4+/-2.3 in Maotai group and -8.4+/-2.3 in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Maotai liquor can increase metallothioneins in the liver and inhibit the activation of HSC and the synthesis of collagen in many aspects, which might be the mechanism that Maotai liquor interferes in the hepatic fibrosis.

Alcoholic Beverages↗
PubMed2002

Epidemiological and histopathological study of relevance of Guizhou Maotai liquor and liver diseases.

AIM: To explore the relevance of Maotai liquor and liver diseases. METHODS: Epidemiological study was conducted on groups of subjects, each consisting of 3 subjects from the Maotai liquor group consisting of 99 individuals and one from the non-alcoholic control group consisting of 33 individuals. Liver biopsy was performed on 23 volunteers from Guizhou Maotai Distillery who had a constant and long history of drinking Maotai liquor. Experimental histopathological study was conducted as follows: sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups randomly and fed with Maotai liquor, ordinary white wine, and physiological saline respectively for a period of 8 and 12 weeks. The rats were sacrificed in batches, then serum ALT, AST, TBil, and AKP were measured. Rat livers were harvested to measure the liver indexes, GSH, and MDA. Histopathological examinations were also performed. Another eighty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed with Maotai (at different dosages of 10 ml.kg(-1) and 20 ml.kg(-1)), ethanol, and physiological saline. The animals were sacrificed after 4 weeks and serum ALT was determined. Then the livers were harvested and liver indexes and MDA were measured. RESULTS: The incidence rate of hepatic symptoms, splenomegaly, liver function impairment, reversal of Albumin/Globulin and increased diameter of portal veins in the Maotai liquor group were 1.0% 1/99 , 1.0% 1/99 , 1.0% 1/99 , 1.0% 1/99 , 0 0/99 and 0 0/99 , 0 0/99 ,0 0/99 , 0 0/99 , 0 0/99 , respectively. There was no significant difference between the Maotai group and the non-alcoholic control group P>0.05 . Various degree of fatty infiltration of hepatocytes was found in the 23 volunteers receiving liver biopsy, but there was no obvious hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. A comparison was made between the Maotai liquor group and the ordinary white wine group. It was found that hepatic MDA in rats and mice were 0.33+/-0.10 and 0.49+/-0.23 respectively in Maotai group and 0.61+/-0.22 and 0.66+/-0.32 in the ordinary white wine group; MDA had an obvious decrease in the Maotai liquor group (P<0.05); hepatic GSH were 0.12 mg.g(-1)+/-0.06 mg.g(-1) in rats of the Maotai liquor group and (0.08+/-0.02)mg.g(-1) in white wine group, it was obviously increased in the Maotai liquor group (P<0.05). After the 20 rats had been fed with ordinary white wine for 8 weeks consecutively, disarranged hepatocyte cords, fatty infiltration of hepatocytes, and fibrous septa of varying widths due to hepatic connective tissues proliferation were observed; after 12 weeks, the fibrous tissue proliferation continued and early cirrhosis appeared. Compared with the ordinary white wine group, fatty infiltration was observed in the 8-week and 12-week groups, but no necrosis or fibrosis or cirrhosis was found in the Maotai liquor group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Maotai liquor may cause fatty liver but not hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis, and it can strengthen lipid peroxidation in the liver.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Role of interferon alpha in the management of severe acute pancreatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of IFN-alpha on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) of IFN-alpha. METHODS: A SAP model was developed in adult male rats by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate in the pancreatic duct. Serum amylase was measured by the blue-starch method and serum cytokines were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: Compared with to the control group, less pancreatic injury and lower amylase level were observed treat in the rats with IFN-alpha. In contrast, the concentration of IL-10 was higher. CONCLUSION: IFN-alpha has significant curative effect on SAP.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Effect of combined application of external cyclosporine A and CTLA4Ig on the survival of rat auricle allograft].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of combined application of external cyclosporine A (CsA) and CTLA4Ig in inhibiting rejection and inducing immune tolerance in composite tissue allograft. METHODS: The auricles with vessel pedicle were transplanted from Lewis rats to BN rats under microsurgery. CsA was spreaded on the surface of grafts in combination with administration of CTLA4Ig intraperitoneally after transplantation. The rejection response and survival time of grafts were observed, and the IL-2 level in serum was measured. RESULTS: The mean survival time was (7.8 +/- 1.7) days in control group. It was (15.2 +/- 1.9) days when recipients treated by CsA and (16.6 +/- 2.1) days by CTLA4Ig. Under the combination of CsA and CTLA4Ig, the mean survival time was significantly prolonged to (28.8 +/- 3.5) days (P < 0.05) with the lowest level of IL-2 in serum of recipients. CONCLUSION: The combined application of external CsA and CTLA4Ig inhibits rejection of allograft effectively, which can be a favorable therapy on composite tissue allo-transplantation.

Abatacept↗
PubMed2002

Retraction.

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Retraction Notice↗
PubMed2002

[Dendritic cells transfected with carcinoembryonic antigen-vaccinia recombinant virus induces CEA-specific immunity mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether dendritic cells (DCs) transfected with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-vaccinia recombinant virus (rV-CEA) induces cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated CEA-specific immunity in vitro. METHODS: DCs derived from peripheral blood monocytes were transfected with rV-CEA and then cocultured with autologous T cells. The proliferation of the induced T cells and their cytotoxic activity against CEA-secreting tumor cells were assessed and compared with those of T cells induced by DCs without rV-CEA transfection. RESULTS: T cells induced by DCs transfected with rV-CEA showed specific cytotoxicity against CEA-secreting tumor cells. CONCLUSION: DCs transfected with rV-CEA can elicit activation of CEA-specific T cells.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed2002

[A study of the expression of hypertrophic scar related cytoskeletal genes during early postburn stage].

OBJECTIVE: To screen the hypertrophic scar related cytoskeletal genes during early postburn stage, so as to explore their roles in postburn scar contraction. METHODS: cDNA microarray chips containing 4096 human cDNAs were employed to investigate the cytoskeletal gene expression of the scar samples from human postburn hypertrophic scar. Furthermore, the expression of one of the cytoskeletal genes in hypertrophic scar tissue was studied by in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Thirteen up - regulated cytoskeletal genes in 3 early postburn hypertrophic scar samples were identified. Moreover, the cells expressing human tropomyosin TM30 mRNA, one of the up - regulated cytoskeletal genes, were found increased in the early postburn hypertrophic scar samples. CONCLUSION: In this study up - regulated expression of many hypertrophic scar related cytoskeletal genes was found in the scar samples during early postburn stage, and they might be important factors leading to postburn hypertrophic scar formation and contraction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[The effects of postburn fluid resuscitation on the pathohistological and ultrastructural changes of multiple organs with dysfunction in severely burned dogs].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of postburn fluid resuscitation on the pathohistological and ultrastructural changes of multiple organs with dysfunction in severely burned dogs. METHODS: Forty - four mongrel dogs were randomly divided into four groups: (1) immediate infusion (II, n = 8), (2) delayed infusion (DI, n = 15), (3) no infusion (NI, n = 14), (4) normal control (NC, n = 7). The dogs were inflicted with 50% TBSA III degree flame burn produced by napalm in concentration of 30g/L burning for 30 seconds on the back. Small pieces of tissue samples of heart, lungs, liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract were taken from injured dogs at 72 postburn hours (PBHs) or moribund stage for the examination with light microscope (LM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). RESULTS: Different degrees of blood circulation disturbance and degenerative changes were found in all above internal organs. These changes were more evident in DI than in II and NI groups. CONCLUSION: Delayed postburn fluid resuscitation could induce multiple organ dysfunction in early postburn stage.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Cloning of IL-1 beta gene and expression in E. coli].

IL-1 beta cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR with the template of the total RNA extracted from leukocytes which was separated from human peripheral blood. 5' and 3' primers were synthesized according to literaturees reported sequence of IL-1 beta. IL-1 beta gene was highly expressed in E. coli and the expression level reached to about 40% of total bacteria proteins. Separation, purification and bioactivity analysis of the expressed products was performed. The purity of the final products reach more than 98%, and the culture solution of EL-4 cells induced by hIL-1 beta can promote the proliferation of CTLL-2 cells obviously.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[Medical legal identification of post-transfusion HIV/AIDS].

This article summarized circumstances and influential factors of post-transfusion HIV/AIDS in recent years. Laws and regulations were emphasized in respective duties of every blood transfusion related departments. The strictly controlled imported blood products, carefully blood screening on donor, standardized blood products, tightened control on indication of use of blood, and finally, carefully told rare-happened HIV/AIDS to recipients were the key measures to avoid forensic cases of post-transfusion HIV/AIDS. Main evidences in Medical legal identification of post-transfusion HIV/AIDS were also proposed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2002

Sequence variability of the 5' UTR in isolates of hepatitis C virus in China.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus infection is a great issue in China; however, there is very little information on genotyping investigations based on sequence variability in the 5'untranslated (5'UTR) reported. The present study was to define the sequence variability based on the sequence divergences of the 5'UTR of the virus. METHODS: Sequences of 91 isolates from patients with chronic hepatitis C from Yunnan, southwest China, were sequenced and genotypes were defined according to the sequence divergences of the 5'UTR of the virus. RESULTS: Eighty-six isolates were classified into 3 clades (previously termed groups or major types) by the methods proposed by Chan et al in 1992 and phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequence divergences within the 5'UTR. Fifty-six percent of the isolates were classified into clade 3, 35% into clade 1, and 34.9% into clade 2. New genotypes 1f, 2h, 3h and 3i were defined. In addition, 3 novel sequences were discovered, respectively with an 18-nt sequence deletion (corresponding to nucleotide position -173 to -156), a 28-nt sequence insertion, and a 40-nt sequence insertion, between -56 and -55. Of these isolates, 56% possessed a "G" at position -66 in place of the "T" that is present in all previously reported sequences. CONCLUSIONS: These HCV variants, evolved or remained in this area, may be of great significance in diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C patients.

5' Untranslated Regions↗
PubMed2001

Late temporal gene expression from the human cytomegalovirus pp28US (UL99) promoter when integrated into the host cell chromosome.

Toward understanding the temporal regulation of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) late genes, we studied the regulation of the late gene promoter (pp28US, UL99) when outside the context of the viral genome and its response to the immediate early (IE) proteins. Expression of the luciferase reporter gene, regulated by the pp28US promoter, was synchronous with that of the endogenous viral pp28 gene, independently of whether the reporter was episomal or integrated into the glioblastoma cell line U373MG. Cotransfection of the reporter with expression vectors for each of the three major IE genes, IE72, IE86 and IE55, indicated that only IE86 transactivated the pp28US promoter. However, the magnitude of the promoter activation upon HCMV infection suggested that additional factors are also required for higher promoter activity. The promoter activation was specific to HCMV, as herpes simplex virus type 1 infection did not induce luciferase expression.

Chromosomes↗
PubMed2001

The detection of phytohemagglutinin-lymphokine activated killer cells' in vitro antitumor action with MTT colorimetry.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the in vitro antitumor action of phytohemagglutinin and lymphokine activated killer (PHA- LAK) cells. METHOD: MTT colorimetric assay was used to detect the in vitro cytotoxicity of PHA-LAK cells on K562 MGc80-3 143TK Hela and LoVo. RESULTS: The significant cytotoxicity of PHA-LAK cells on these five tumor cells from different organs could be found in vitro. The PHA-LAK cell activity on 143TK could reach 57.3% when the ratio of effective cell (EC) to target cell (TC) was 7.5:1. The antitumor effect did not increased or even decreased when the ratio of EC to TC was 15:1. CONCLUSIONS: (1)PHA-LAK cell has non-specific cytotoxicity against tumor cells and can overcome the problems of the quantity and activity of immunocyte of traditional adoptive cellular immunotherapy. (2)Under some conditions does MTT colorimetric assay be a susceptible, simple and convenient method for detecting the cytotoxicity of immunocytes.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Cloning and Functional Expression of Neurotoxin cDNA from Naja naja atra.

Three new cDNAs named NL1, NL2 and NL3 were cloned from the total RNA of Naja naja atra by RT-PCR. The protein sequences encoded by them showed 77%, 72% and 98% structure identity to cobrotoxin which is a postsynaptic neurotoxin from Taiwan cobra (Naja naja atra), respectively. The five conservative residues, Tyr(25), Lys(27), Trp(29), Arg(33) and Lys(47), essential for the function of cobrotoxin were also found in the three cDNAs. The NL3, the most homologous to cobrotoxin, was expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) by cloning into pET28b+. The expressed product was insoluble inclusion bodies and could be purified up to 90% purity in the range of 6 mg per liter culture cells by a single affinity step. The purified protein was refolded in vitro and the toxicity was assessed to be less than the native cobrotoxin in mice.

Journal Article↗